Abstract: Objective To describe the current prevalence of overweight and obesity among infants in Beijing, and to explore the influencing factors of overweight and obesity based on body composition analysis. Methods A multicenter cross-sectional survey was conducted in Haidian district, Changping district, Shijingshan district and Tongzhou district of Beijing from January to April 2021.Single fetus infants aged 0 to 2 years and without obvious malformations and genetic metabolic diseases were selected, and completed questionnaire survey (infant general demographic characteristics, maternal pregnancy and delivery, infant birth, etc.) and physical examination (infant length, weight and body composition measurement).Finally 896 infants with complete data of questionnaire survey and physical examination were enrolled in this study. Results The prevalence of overweight/obesity diagnosed by weight for height Z score (WHZ) in four districts of Beijing was 9.65% in boys and 4.42% in girls, whereas the prevalence of overweight/obesity diagnosed by body composition analysis was as high as 21.46% and 7.67% in boys and girls, respectively.Fat mass index (FMI) was significantly higher in infants whose mothers were overweight and obese before pregnancy (boys: β=0.222, 95%CI: 0.021 - 0.423; girls: β=0.237, 95% CI: 0.048-0.426) and infants who had larger for gestational age (boys:β=0.212, 95% CI: 0.014 - 0.411) and larger birth length (boys: β=0.037, 95%CI: 0.012 - 0.063; girls: β=0.027, 95% CI: 0.001 - 0.054,P<0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of overweight and obesity in infants in the four districts of Beijing is not optimistic, and the measurements of body composition can reduce the rates of missed diagnosis and inaccurate diagnosis of infant obesity.Therefore, effective intervention measurement should be taken to prevent and control overweight and obesity in the early stage of life.

Key words: overweight, obesity, body composition, infants

摘要： 目的 了解北京市婴幼儿超重肥胖流行现状,结合体成分检测结果,探究影响婴幼儿身体成分的影响因素。方法 2021年1-4月于北京市海淀区、昌平区、石景山区及通州区4区开展多中心现况调查,招募单胎且无明显畸形和遗传代谢病的0~2岁婴幼儿作为研究对象。调查内容包括问卷调查(婴幼儿一般人口学特征、母亲孕期及分娩情况和婴幼儿出生情况等)和体格检查(身长、体重和身体成分测量)。选取电子问卷调查和体成分检测数据均完整的样本,最终共纳入896名研究对象。结果 以身长别体重Z值(WHZ)诊断的北京市4区男童和女童超重/肥胖检出率分别为9.65%和4.42%;但是,以体成分检测诊断的男童和女童超重/肥胖检出率高达21.46%和7.67%。母亲孕前超重肥胖(男童:β=0.222,95%CI:0.021~0.423;女童:β=0.237,95%CI:0.048~0.426)、婴幼儿出生时为大于胎龄儿(男童:β=0.212,95%CI:0.014~0.411)及出生身长(男童:β=0.037,95%CI:0.012~0.063;女童:β=0.027,95%CI:0.001~0.054)与体脂质量指数(FMI)呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 北京市4区婴幼儿的超重肥胖现状不容乐观,体成分检测可降低肥胖的漏诊和误诊,应在生命早期采取有效的干预措施进行预防和控制。

关键词: 超重, 肥胖, 身体成分, 婴幼儿