Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution of body mass index(BMI) among preschool children in Jingzhou City and its correlation with family conditions and feeding practices, so as to provide scientific basis for the health management of overweight and obesity in children. Methods In August 2022, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Jingzhou City using stratified cluster random sampling. Data on the height, weight, family conditions and feeding practices of children aged 3 - 6 years attending kindergartens were collected. Then BMI was calculated, and multivariate linear regression analysis was performed for data analysis. Results A total of 14 237 preschool children were surveyed. The overall average BMI was (16.40±3.40) kg/m². Among them, the porpotion of children whose BMI were in lower, lower-middle, middle, upper-middle and upper range was 0.05%, 1.95%, 86.49%, 4.83% and 6.67%, respectively. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that factors such as cesarean birth(β=0.17), paternal smoking(β=0.13), maternal smoking(β=0.39), being female(β＝-0.22), total pre-tax family income(β＝-0.13), private kindergartens (β=0.22)and a diet pattern primarily consisting of fried chicken, burgers, fries, carbonated drinks, and fruit juices (β=0.46) were linearly correlated with children's BMI(P<0.05). Conclusions Overweight and obesity are prevalent among preschool children in Jingzhou City, with a higher proportion of BMI in the upper-middle and upper ranges. Parents and society should collaborate and take appropriate measures to ensure the healthy growth of children.

Key words: preschool children, body mass index, family conditions, feeding conditions

摘要： 目的 分析荆州市学龄前儿童体质量指数(BMI)分布情况及与家庭状况、喂养条件的相关性,为儿童超重和肥胖的健康管理提供科学依据。方法 2022年8月采取分层整群随机抽样法,在荆州市展开横断面研究,通过收集3~6岁幼儿园在读儿童身高、体重、家庭状况及喂养条件等相关数据,计算BMI,并采用多元线性回归分析方法进行数据分析。结果 本次研究共调查了14 237名学龄前儿童,BMI的总体均数为(16.40±3.40)kg/m²,其中有0.05%的儿童BMI处于下级,1.95%处于中下级,86.49%处于中级,4.83%处于中上级,6.67%处于上级。多元线性回归分析显示,出生方式(剖宫产)(β=0.17)、父亲吸烟(β=0.13)、母亲吸烟(β=0.39)、性别(女)(β＝-0.22)、家庭税前总收入(万元)(β＝-0.13)、儿童目前所在学校的性质(民办/私立)(β=0.22),以炸鸡、汉堡、薯条、碳酸饮品、果汁为主的膳食模式(β=0.46)与儿童BMI呈线性相关(P＜0.05)。结论 荆州市学龄前儿童超重和肥胖的问题普遍存在,其中超重和肥胖的比例较高,家长和社会应该共同努力,采取相应措施保证儿童健康成长。

关键词: 学龄前儿童, 体质量指数, 家庭状况, 喂养条件