Abstract: Objective To measure and analyze foot development indicators of children under 3 years old, in order to provide basis for the correct clinical assessment of children foot development. Methods A total of 5 894 children under 3 years old who took physical examination in the Child Health Care Department of Xi'an People's Hospital from August 2022 to March 2023 were randomly selected. Foot length, foot width, the ratio of foot width to length and arch index were measured by image processing system, and were compared among different age groups and sex groups. Results 1) Foot length, foot width and arch index of children under 3 years old increased significantly with age, while the ratio of foot width to length decreased significantly with age(F=1 345.23, 396.21,184.65, 287.03, P＜0.05). 2) There was no statistical significance in foot length, foot width and arch index between left and right foot of children under 3 years old(P＞0.05). 3) Foot length and foot width of boys were greater than those of girls in all age groups, and the difference was statistically significant(t_{foot length}:3.45 - 10.19,t_{foot width}: 3.77 - 9.21, P＜0.05). There was no significant difference in arch index between boys and girls in all age groups(P＞0.05). Conclusion Foot shape of children under 3 years old changes with age, there are differences in foot length and width between boys and girls.

Key words: infants and toddlers, foot development, foot length, foot width, the ratio of foot width to length, arch index

摘要： 目的 对西安市3岁以下婴幼儿足部发育指标进行测量和分析,为临床正确评估婴幼儿足部发育提供基础数据。方法 随机选取2022年8月—2023年3月在西安市人民医院(西安市第四医院)儿童保健中心健康体检的5 894名3岁以下婴幼儿为研究对象,使用图像处理系统采集静态足印,测量足长、足宽,并计算足宽长比和足弓指数,按年龄及性别分组进行比较。结果 1)随着年龄增长,婴幼儿的足长、足宽、足弓指数逐渐增加,足宽长比逐渐减小,年龄组间比较差异均有统计学意义(F=1 345.23、396.21、184.65、287.03,P＜0.05);2)各年龄段儿童左、右足间的足长、足宽、足弓指数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05);3)各年龄组男童足长、足宽均大于女童,差异均有统计学意义(t_足长:3.45～10.19,t_足宽:3.77～9.21,P＜0.05);各年龄组男女童足弓指数比较,差异均无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论 婴幼儿足的形态随着年龄增长而发生变化,男童与女童的足长、足宽存在差异。

关键词: 婴幼儿, 足部生长发育, 足长, 足宽, 足宽长比, 足弓指数