Abstract: 【Objective】 To study the relationship between body shape and physical quality indicators of preschool children. 【Methods】 6 405 preschool children were tested on body shape including height, sit high, weight, chest circumference, skinfold thickness, and physical quality indicators which include standing long jump, throw for distance, seat proneness, the time of shuttle run, walk balance beam and feet consecutive jump. Data were analyzed by canonical correlation analysis. 【Results】 First pair canonical variables was selected by canonical correlation analysis and its coefficient was 0.760. The canonical variables representing the body shape indicators were height, chest circumference, abdominal skinfold thickness and weight. Among these indicators, height played the most important role. The canonical variables representing the physical quality indicators were standing long jump, throw for distance and the time of shuttle run, standing long jump played the most important role. Height and chest circumference were positive to physical quality, while abdominal skinfold thickness and weight were negative to physical quality. 【Conclusions】 Correlationship is found between the body shape and the physical quality in preschool children. Height and standing long jump play the most important roles.

Key words: preschool children, body shape, physical quality, indicators, canonical correlation

摘要： 【目的】 探讨学龄前儿童身体形态指标与身体素质之间的关系。 【方法】 对6 405名学龄前儿童进行身体形态指标(身高、坐高、体重、胸围及皮褶厚度)测量与身体素质(立定跳远、网球掷远、坐位体前屈、10 m往返跑、走平衡木及双脚连续跳)的测试,采用典型相关分析法进行统计分析。 【结果】 选取第一对典型变量进行分析,典型相关系数为0.760(P<0.001)。代表身体形态指标的典型变量为身高、胸围、腹部皮褶厚度及体重,其中身高的作用最大。代表身体素质指标的典型变量为立定跳远、网球掷远及10 m往返跑时间,其中立定跳远的作用最大。身高及胸围指标对身体素质起到积极作用,腹部皮褶厚度及体重对身体素质起到负面影响。 【结论】 学龄前儿童身体形态指标与身体素质指标存在相关性,身高和立定跳远的作用最大。

关键词: 学龄前儿童, 身体形态, 身体素质, 指标, 典型相关