Abstract: 【Objective】 To investigate the comorbidity rates of school-aged Asperger syndrome children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) and to analyze the reasons of misdiagnoseing Asperger syndrome to attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 【Methods】 Using the Vanderbilt ADHD Rating Scales to evaluate the prevalence of ADHD in out-patient diagnosed 90 Asperger syndrome (AS) children (male 85,female 5) and the 249 control group children(male 223,female 16);Investigated the first diagnosis of the 39 AS children who were diagnosed in other hospitals,to got the reasons they were misdiagnosed to be attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. 【 Results 】 There were 44 in the 90 AS children consistent with the diagnose standard of ADHD,it was 48.7%;but it was only 9 in 249 common children reach the diagnose standard of ADHD,it was 3.6% .the prevalence of ADHD in AS children was higher than in common children,that's having a distinguished statistical significance(χ²=102.732,P<0.01).In the 39 AS children who were first diagnosed in other hospitals,only six children got the correct diagnosis,it was 15.4%,the misdiagnosis rate was 84.6%,19 children were misdiagnosed of ADHD,it was 48.7%. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of ADHD in school-aged AS children is distinguished higher than normal control group children,and school-aged AS children always be misdiagnosed to be ADHD.

Key words: Asperger syndrome, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, comorbid rate, misdiagnosis, school-aged children

摘要： 【目的】 调查阿斯伯格综合征(Asperger syndrome ,AS)学龄儿童注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ,ADHD)的共患率及分析其易误诊为ADHD的原因。 【方法】 应用Vanderbilt ADHD评定量表对门诊确诊的90例AS患儿(男85例,女5例)评估其ADHD的共患率,并与249例普通学龄儿童(男223例,女16例)ADHD患病率进行对比分析;曾在外院接受诊断的39例AS患儿的首诊情况,分析其误诊为ADHD的原因。 【结果】 90例AS学龄儿童中,符合ADHD诊断标准者44例(48.9%);249例普通学龄儿童中,符合ADHD诊断标准者9例(3.6%),AS病例组ADHD患病率明显高于普通学龄儿童,差异具有高度统计学意义(χ²=102.732 ,P<0.01)。在39例曾接受外院诊断的患儿中,只有6例诊断正确(占15.4%)。而误诊率高达84.6%,其中最常见的误诊为ADHD,共19例(达48.7%)。 【结论】 学龄期AS患儿ADHD的患病率显著高于正常对照组儿童,且极易误诊为ADHD。

关键词: Aspeger综合征, 注意缺陷多动障碍, 共患率, 误诊, 学龄儿童