Abstract: Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of neural tube defects (NTDs) in Shunyi district from 2006 to 2012. Method Data from Shunyi district's birth defects monitoring network were used to describe the prevalence and the trends of NTDs. Results The prevalence of NTDs was 12.6/10⁴.The prevalence rates of anencephaly,spina bifida,and encephalocele were 6.7/10⁴,4.9/10⁴ and 1.0/10⁴,respectively.The change tendency of overall prevalence rates of NTDs were not statistical significantly,while the prevalence rates of spina bifida was decreased from 2006 to 2012 (P<0.05).The prevalence of NTDs among permanent residence in Beijing was 6.8/10⁴,and the prevalence among the floating population was 20.0/10⁴ births (P<0.01). Conclusions The prevalence of NTDs in Shunyi is 12.6/10⁴ without time trend for variations while the prevalence rates of spina bifida is decreased from 2006 to 2012.The prevalence of NTDs among floating population is higher than permanent residence in Beijing.Strengthen the NTDs prevention among flowing population is suggested.

Key words: birth defects, neural tube defects, prevalence, surveillance, folic acid

摘要： 目的 描述北京市顺义区2006-2012年神经管缺陷(neural tube defects,NTDs)的流行病学特征,为NTDs的预防提供参考依据。方法 利用顺义区的出生缺陷监测资料,描述NTDs及其亚型的患病率和变化趋势。结果 2006-2012年顺义区NTDs患病率为12.6/10⁴(监测时限为孕13周至产后7 d),无脑畸形、脊柱裂、脑膨出的患病率依次为6.7/10⁴、4.9/10⁴、1.0/10⁴。2006-2012年NTDs总患病率未见下降趋势,各亚型中脊柱裂患病率下降趋势有统计学意义(P<0.05)。户籍人口NTDs患病率(6.8/10⁴)低于流动人口(20.0/10⁴)(P<0.01)。结论 7年间顺义区NTDs患病率无趋势性变化,但脊柱裂患病率有下降趋势。顺义区还需进一步加强流动人口NTDs的预防。

关键词: 出生缺陷, 神经管缺陷, 患病率, 监测, 叶酸