Abstract: Objective To explore the correlation between preschool children′s physical activity patterns and overweight/obesity, in order to provide reference for preschooler′s physical activity interventions. Methods A self-designed questionnaire on physical activities and their influencing factors of preschoolers was filled out by preschoolers from April to July 2017.The physical activity patterns of preschool children were explored by factor analysis.And the correlation between physical activity patterns and children′s overweight/obesity was analyzed by Logistic regression analysis. Results Three common factors were selected by factor analysis and named as skill training activity pattern, preschool group activity pattern and family outdoor activity pattern, and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 35.4%.After controlling the family and demographic characteristics, the risk of overweight/obesity with factor score≥P₇₅ was higher than that with factor score<P₂₅ in skill training activity pattern (OR=2.633,95%CI:1.066-6.504); The risk of overweight/obesity with factor score≥P₇₅ was lower than that with factor score<P₂₅ in family outdoor activity pattern (OR=0.747,95%CI:0.387-0.984). Conclusion The skill training activity pattern is a risk factor of overweight/obesity in preschool children, while the family outdoor activity pattern is a protective factor of overweight/obesity.

Key words: physical activity pattern, preschool children, overweight/obesity

摘要： 目的 探索学龄前儿童体力活动模式及其与儿童超重/肥胖的相关性,为学龄前儿童体力活动干预提供参考。方法 2017年4-7月,运用自编的学龄前儿童体力活动及影响因素调查问卷,对学龄前儿童日常体力活动情况进行调查,采用因子分析探索学龄前儿童体力活动模式,运用Logistic回归分析体力活动模式与儿童超重/肥胖间的相关性。结果 因子分析抽取了3个公因子分别命名为特长培养模式、托幼机构集体活动模式和家庭户外模式,累计方差贡献率为35.4%。在控制了家庭人口学特征后,特长培养模式因子得分≥P₇₅时,超重/肥胖的风险比因子得分<P₂₅高(OR=2.633,95%CI:1.066~6.504);家庭户外模式因子得分≥P₇₅时,超重/肥胖的风险比因子得分<P₂₅低(OR=0.747,95%CI:0.387~0.984)。结论 特长培养模式是学龄前儿童超重/肥胖的危险因素,家庭户外活动模式是超重/肥胖的保护因素。

关键词: 体力活动模式, 学龄前儿童, 超重/肥胖