Abstract: Objective To analyze the correlation between the characteristics of limited interest eye tracking and behavioral indicators of children with high-risk autism spectrum disorder(HR-ASD),so as to provide basis for early identification and intervention of subtypes of ASD. Methods From June 2018 to June 2020,children matched by age who met the criteria were enrolled in this study from Shenzhen Maternal & Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Southern Medical University,including 39 ASD children,49 HR-ASD children and 44 typical developed children.SMI RED250 portable eye tracking,Autism Observation Scale(ADOS)and Gesell development scale(GDS)were used to test the children.The results of eye tracking characteristics and behavioral indicators of the three groups were compared,and their correlation was analyzed. Results 1)For children in ASD group and HR-ASD group,the objects of interest for the first fixation were ships and table lamps,and the fixation track was irregular.While in typical developed children,the objects of interest for the first fixation were balloons,and the fixation track was regular.2)Children in ASD group and HR-ASD group had similar interest tendency,and the difference was statistically significant(F=123.01,89.32,P<0.01).Compared with typical developed children,children in ASD group and HR-ASD group had poor adaptability,fine motor,language and personal social skills(F=47.05,23.70,32.30,50.19,P<0.01).But there was no significant difference in general behavioral ability between ASD children and HR-ASD children(P>0.05).3)The eye tracking fixation time of ASD children and HR-ASD children was negatively correlated with language ability(r=-0.22,-0.43,P<0.05).The language ability of typical developed children was negatively correlated with their fixation on motor cars and swivel chairs(r=-0.17,-0.17,P<0.05),and their social interaction was positively related to their fixation on cakes(r=0.43,P<0.05). Conclusion Early recognition of the limited interest in high-risk ASD children is of great significance for early subtype classification,early auxiliary diagnosis and intervention of ASD.

Key words: high-risk autism spectrum disorder, eye tracking technology, restrictive interest, early recognition, early intervention

摘要： 目的 分析高危孤独症谱系障碍(HR-ASD)幼儿的局限兴趣眼动特征及行为指标间相关性,为ASD的亚型分类早期识别及干预提供依据。方法 选取2018年6月—2020年6月就诊于南方医科大学附属深圳妇幼保健院符合入组标准的年龄相匹配的ASD幼儿39例、HR-ASD幼儿49例及正常发育幼儿44例,采用SMI RED250便携式眼动仪、孤独症观察量表(ADOS)及盖塞尔发育量表(GDS)对患儿进行测试,比较三组幼儿关注兴趣物的眼动特征与行为指标的结果,并分析其相关性。结果 1)ASD幼儿与HR-ASD组幼儿首次注视的兴趣物分别为轮船、台灯,注视轨迹均无规律性,正常发育幼儿首次注视物为气球,注视物轨迹有规律;ASD组与HR-ASD幼儿组的兴趣物倾向相似,且较正常幼儿对各种玩具车、转椅等异常注视,差异有统计学意义(F=123.01、89.32,P＜0.01)。2)ASD组与HR-ASD组幼儿较正常发育幼儿的适应性、精细动作、语言及个人社交能力水平均差(F＝47.05、23.70、32.30、50.19,P＜0.01),但ASD幼儿与HR-ASD组幼儿一般行为能力差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。3)ASD幼儿、HR-ASD幼儿对动车的眼动注视时间与语言能力均呈负相关(r=-0.22,-0.43,P＜0.05);正常幼儿的语言能力与其对动车及转椅的注视均呈负相关(r=-0.17,r=-0.17,P＜0.05),对蛋糕的眼动注视时间与个人-社交能力呈正相关(r=0.43,P＜0.01)。结论 早期识别高危孤独症谱系障碍幼儿局限兴趣,对ASD的早期亚型分类及早期辅助诊断与干预有重要指导意义。

关键词: 高危孤独症谱系障碍, 眼动技术, 限制性兴趣, 早期识别, 早期干预