Abstract: Objective To investigate the associations between breastfeeding and neurodevelopment in infants,so as to provide evidence for improving breastfeeding rate. Methods Infants who took regular physical examination from two maternal and child health centers in Guangdong from August to December 2016 were enrolled in this study. Children's basic information and feeding patterns were obtained via questionnaire. Ages and Stages Questionnaire(ASQ) was used to evaluate infants' neurodevelopment. Multiple linear regression and Logistic regression were used to analyze the associations between feeding patterns and neurodevelopment of the included infants. Results Totally 245 infants were included,41.6% of whom was breastfed. The abnormal rate of communication domain was the highest(46.5%) and the gross motor domain was the lowest(16.3%) among all neurodevelopmental domains. After adjusted for potential confounding,children with formula feeding scored lower in communication domain and person-social domain(β=-11.18,95%CI:-18.13 to -4.22,P<0.001; β=-7.61,95%CI:-12.59 to -2.64,P<0.001),and scored higher in social-emotional domain(β=17.78,95%CI: 4.88-30.69,P=0.01) when compared with those of breastfeeding. Formula feeding was a risk factor for delayed development of person-social domain(OR=3.24,95%CI:1.19-9.10,P=0.02) and social-emotional domain(OR=3.39,95%CI:1.34-8.94,P=0.01). Conclusion Breastfeeding,one of the protective factors,is important for the development of person-social and social-emotional domains during infancy.

Key words: breastfeeding, neurodevelopment, infants

摘要： 目的 研究母乳喂养与幼儿神经心理发育的关联,为提升母乳喂养提供依据。方法 纳入2016年8-12月在广东省某两家妇幼保健院常规保健的幼儿,采用自编问卷调查幼儿基本信息和喂养方式,采用年龄与进程问卷(ASQ)评估幼儿神经心理发育水平。运用多重线性回归模型和Logistic回归模型分析喂养方式和各神经发育能区的关联。结果 本研究共纳入245名幼儿,其中母乳喂养102名(41.6%)。所有幼儿中异常率最高的能区为沟通(46.5%),最低为粗大动作(16.3%)。在校正混杂因素后,与母乳喂养幼儿相比,人工喂养幼儿的沟通得分及个人-社会得分较低(β=-11.18,95%CI:-18.13~-4.22,P<0.001;β=-7.61,95%CI:-12.59~-2.64,P<0.001),社交-情绪得分较高(β=17.78,95%CI:4.88~30.69,P=0.01)。此外,人工喂养幼儿在个人-社会、社交-情绪能区发育异常的风险更大(个人-社会:OR=3.24,95%CI:1.19~9.10,P=0.02;社交-情绪:OR=3.39,95%CI:1.34~8.94,P=0.01)。结论 母乳喂养与幼儿个人-社会、社交-情绪能区发育关联密切,是保护因素之一。

关键词: 母乳喂养, 神经心理发育, 幼儿