Abstract: Objective To investigate the incidence of mental health problems of high school freshmen and its related influence factors,to provide the theory basis for research on promoting the freshmen adapt to high school life as soon as possible and reducing the occurrence of psychological behavior problems. Methods The freshmen newly enrolled 2 months who came from Shanghai Putuo District two high school were measured by some evaluated tools,which including Beck depression questionnaire,General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES),Family Assessment Device (FAD),etc. Results Among the 933 questionnaires,928(99.46%) of which were valid.There were 517 cases of depression by Beck depression questionnaire,accounting for 55.7%.The Logistic regression analysis showed that schoolgirl,low general self-efficacy,dysfunctional family and feeling of learning pressure were the main impact factor of depression. Conclusions The incidence rate of depression in high school freshmen is high.Among them,schoolgirls with low general self-efficacy and dysfunctional family are more likely to suffer from depression.High schools and families should pay more attention to the high school freshmen's mental health and their ability to adapt to a new environment,to help them adapt to the high school life as soon as possible.

Key words: high school freshman, depression, self-efficacy, family-functioning

摘要： 目的 研究高一新生心理健康问题的发生率及其相关影响因素,为促进高一新生尽快适应高中生活、减少心理行为问题的发生提供依据。方法 采用Beck抑郁问卷、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、家庭功能调查表(FAD)等工具对上海市普陀区某二所中学新入学2个月高中一年级学生进行调查。结果 933份调查问卷中,有效问卷928份,有效率99.46%。经Beck抑郁问卷自评,928份问卷中存在抑郁情绪者517例,占55.7%;经Logistic回归分析表明,女生、一般自我效能低、家庭功能不良、感到学习压力大等是抑郁情绪产生的主要影响因素。结论 高一新生抑郁情绪发生率总体偏高,其中一般自我效能低、家庭功能不良的女生更易产生抑郁情绪。学校和家庭应重视高一新生心理健康教育和适应新环境的能力训练,使其尽快适应高中生活。

关键词: 高一新生, 抑郁, 自我效能, 家庭功能