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    15 March 2017, Volume 25 Issue 3
    Early detection and dealing strategy on the child emotional problems
    ZHANG Jin-song
    2017, 25(3):  217-220.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-01
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    The prevalence of the emotional problem in children is high and including several disorders.The emotional symptoms are various and atypical in children,often present in abnormal behaviors and physical symptoms.Pediatricians are the important resources for the detection of children psychological problems.The early detection and effective dealing is the key to decrease the impairment of the emotional problems to the child development.It is necessary to well prepare on the aspects of concept,awareness,prediction and alertness.Take more attention on the child with risks and in special families.The comorbidity diagnosis should be highly thinking.The warning signs and the pathway of early detection should be known.The dealing strategy of the children emotional disorders is three-level intervention model.Beginning from prevention to the comprehensive intervention,family,school,consulting and specialty treatment are involved.At the last,the example is provided to explain the intervention model which including health improve,generalizing education,the guide of emotional problem and the treatment of emotional disorders.
    Diagnosis,treatment and prevention of sibling rivalry disorder
    SU Lin-yan
    2017, 25(3):  221-222.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-02
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    With the implementation of China's two-child policy,sibling rivalry disorder entered the sights of the family and mental health workers.This article introduces the clinical manifestations,etiology,diagnosis,treatment and prevention of sibling rivalry disorder,to provide guidance for clinical work,and also provide preventive strategies of sibling rivalry disorder for "expectant mothers" to enable children to grow healthily.
    Relationship of childrenhood neglect,social support and secondary vocational students' self-injury
    ZHANG Shan-shan,ZHANG Ye
    2017, 25(3):  223-226.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-03
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    Objective To explore the mediating effect of social support in the relationship between childhood ignore and the vocational students' self-injury,and provide theory support for study secondary vocational students' self-injury. Methods Totally 814 secondary vocational students from five vocational schools in Liaoning province were assessed with the Childhood Neglect Scale,Juvenile Self-injured Scale and Juvenile Social Support Scale.The regression analysis was used to test the mediating effect of social support between childhood ignore and secondary vocational students' self-injury. Results The relationship between social support and self-injury/childhood neglect was significantly negative correlated (r=-0.10~-0.26,all P<0.01),and the relationship between self-injury and childhood neglect was significantly positively correlated(r=0.24~0.28,all P<0.01).The childhood neglect was positively associated with secondary vocational students' self-injury (β=-0.43,P<0.01).In addition,social support mediated the relationship between childhood neglect and self-injury,the value of mediating effect was 6.82%. Conclusion Social support plays a mediating role between childhood neglect and self-injury.
    Mediating role of coping styles between stressful life events and online gaming addiction among adolescents
    YU Li
    2017, 25(3):  227-229.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-04
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    Objective To explore the relationship between stressful life events,coping styles,and online gaming addiction among adolescents. Method A total of 409 adolescents were tested with stressful life events questionnaire,simplified coping style questionnaire,and online gaming addiction questionnaire. Results 1)Stressful life events was significantly positive associated with online gaming addiction(t=0.23,P<0.001);2)The effect of stressful life events on online gaming addiction was partly mediated by negative coping style(Z=2.80,P<0.01). Conclusion Stressful life events is an important risk factor for online gaming addiction among adolescents,and negative coping style is an important mediator in this association.
    Influence of paternal parenting on unintentional injury among school students in Taiyuan
    TANG Ying,HAO Zhi-hong,HU Rui-jie,XING Yu-mei,WANG Li
    2017, 25(3):  230-233.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-05
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    Objective To explore the influence of paternal parenting on unintentional injury proneness among children,and to provide the theoretical basis for the prevention of children's unintentional injury by improving the paternal parenting. Method Totally 2 874 students of grade 4 and 5 from 10 primary schools in Taiyuan city were selected by using stratified random cluster sampling method and surveyed with questionnaire. Results The highest average score of father factor was FFI.The number incidence rate of unintentional injury of children was 23.1%.The Logistic regression analysis showed that:parenting style of excessive interference and severe punishment were risk factors for children who had proneness of unintentional injury.Parenting style of excessive interference could significant predict the occurrence of fall injury among children. Conclusion Paternal parenting for children has significant influence on the occurrence of unintentional injury,therefore,much attention should be paid to improving the paternal parenting,in order to reduce the occurrence of different unintentional injury type among children.
    Reliability of detailed assessment of general movements for motor development in high risk infants
    YIN Huan-huan,YANG Hong,CAO Jia-yan,ZANG Fei-fei,SHI Wei,ZHU Xiao-yun
    2017, 25(3):  234-236.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-06
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    Objective To study the reliability of the detailed assessment of general movements,and establish a corresponding basis for its application in high risk infants follow-up clinical work for motor development. Methods The analysis was based on 90 video recordings of 87 infants who had been videoed from 34 to 58 weeks postmenstrual age.The motor optimality score was assessed according to the detailed assessment of "Preterm and Term General Movement" and "Assessment of Motor Repertoire-3 to 5 Months".The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) of inter-raters and test-retest reliability were investigated. Results The inter-raters ICC values of the total score of the detailed assessment in writhing movements was 0.941,while the inter-raters ICC values were 0.881 to 0.933 of the subgroups;The test-retest ICC values of the total score was 0.983 and 0.879,while the test-retest ICC values were 0.876 to 0.943 of the subgroups.The inter-raters ICC values of the total score of the detailed assessment in fidgety movements was 0.976,while the inter-raters ICC values were 0.819 to 0.909 of the subgroups;The test-retest ICC values of the total score was 0.955 and 0.959,while the test-retest ICC values were 0.588 to 0.905 of the subgroups. Conclusion The detailed assessment of general movements is reliable in inter-raters and test-retest as applied in high risk infants,and can be used for its follow-up clinical work for motor development.
    Study on computerized executive function training on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
    LI Yan,JIANG Wen-qing,LI Meng-yao,DU Ya-song
    2017, 25(3):  237-241.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-07
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    Objectives To explore whether benefit the deficits in executive functions (EF) and clinical behaviors by focusing on computer-based programs designed to train EF on children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Totally 56 children with ADHD were received computerized executive function training and medication respectively,and evaluated the scores of neuropsychological tests and symptom scales at baseline and after training. Results After training,there were significant improvement in main domains of EF tests,including correct number and correct rate in test B of Stroop test(P<0.001),persistent error response,conceptual level and sustained response scores of WCST(P<0.01),the digital-span scores,coding and symbol-search scores of WISC-Ⅳ(P<0.05),SWM errors,interval errors,SWM strategy and SOC average mobile number (3) scores of CANTAB (P<0.05).The learning problems,hyperactive index scores of PSQ were decreased significantly(P<0.05). Conclusions Computer-based training can improve the executive function deficits in ADHD children,as well as the ADHD core symptoms.This training would become a new clinical intervention.
    Early autistic signs and symptoms in young toddler-a retrospective study
    WANG Ji,LIANG Ya-yong,TANG Chun,LI Jian-ying,ZOU Xiao-bing
    2017, 25(3):  242-244.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-08
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    Objective To analyze the clinical manifestation and early signs of autism. Method The clinical characteristics of 102 children with autism diagnosed by Child Developmental Behavior Center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University in Guangzhou were analyzed by using questionnaire. Results Clinical manifestation Results indicated that the following signs differentiated children in the autism group from children in control group.They were lack of appropriate gaze,response to name when called,lack of pointing,sharing enjoyment or interest,lack of showing,referential looking,lack of orienting in the direction in which an adult was looking,listening to command,interesting in children,seeking comfort,lack of imitating behaviors,using person's hand as a tool,lack of nodding,lack of head shaking,failure to talk,failure to understand words,repetitive movements with bodies,repetitive movements with objects,toes walking,abnormal gaze,hyper-responsiveness to auditory,lack of playing with a variety of toys,lack of social play,lack of pretending play.Logistic regression analysis showed that there were six significant factors for clinical manifestations which are lack of appropriate gaze,lack of showing,lack of nodding,failure to talk,repetitive movements with objects,lack of playing with a variety of toys. Conclusions Lack of appropriate gaze,lack of showing,lack of nodding,failure to talk,repetitive movements with objects,lack of playing with a variety of toys which are early autistic signs.The final aim is to establish the Chinese early screening checklist and early diagnosis questionnaires in near future.
    Study on personality of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and its relation with their parents' personality
    ZOU Hua,JIANG Hua,XIN Xiao-yu,ZHOU Chang-hong,KUANG Gui-fang
    2017, 25(3):  245-247.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-09
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    Objective To find out the personality characteristics of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and its relation with their parents'. Methods A total of 60 ADHD children and 60 normal children were estimated by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire for children.The parents of the all children finished the Questionnaire for adults. Results The scores of psychoticism and neuroticism in ADHD children were significantly higher than those in normal control group (P<0.01).The scores of introversion-extroversion and lie in ADHD group were significantly lower than those in normal control group (P<0.01).The score of psychoticism of ADHD children's father was significantly higher and the score of lie was significantly lower than those in normal control group (P<0.01).The score of neuroticism in ADHD children's mother was significantly higher (P<0.05)and the score of lie was significantly lower (P<0.01) than those in normal control group.The father's E score was negatively related to ADHD children's P score.The mother's P score was positively related to ADHD children's E score and the father's L score was negatively related to.The father's E score and the mother's E score were negatively related to ADHD children's N score;The mother's N score and the father's P score were positively related to.The parents' scores of all factors were not significantly related to ADHD children's L score. Conclusion The personality in ADHD children and their parents have its own characteristics and are related.
    Correlation of ADAM33 V4 gene polymorphism and vitamin D levels with asthma children in Urumqi
    LV Ji-shou,Jianglihan·aheihati,WANG Jian-rong,CHEN Chun-hua
    2017, 25(3):  248-250.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-10
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    Objective To explore correlation of ADAM33 V4 gene polymorphism and vitamin D (Vit D) level with asthma of children in Urumqi. Method Totally 154 asthmatic children and 120 healthy non-asthmatic children aged 3~15 in Urumqi were selected.ADAM 33 V4 gene single nucleotide polymorphism loci (SNPs) genotyping were detected using PCR polymerase chain reaction and VitD levels were detected by ELISA.Further stratified according ethnic groups were performed and correlation of ADAM33 V4 gene polymorphism and VitD level with asthma were analyzed. Result 1)V4 sites of the frequency distribution of three genotypes between cases and control groups were statistically significant differences (χ2=6.806,P=0.033) and,it showed no significant difference among the different ethnic groups (case group:χ2=0.714,P=0.699;control group:χ2=5.898,P=0.052).2)VitD levels in the case group and the control group were statistically different(t=2.341,P=0.020). Conclusions 1) ADAM33 V4 gene loci is correlated with childhood asthma morbidity in children in Urumqi,but there is no difference among nationalities.V4 site after the G point mutation may be a risk factor of bronchial asthma.2) VitD levels is correlated with childhood asthma morbidity in Urumqi.
    Influences of maternal deprivation in young mice on their brain accretion of DHA in adult life
    LU Yan-fei,FAN Chao-nan,LI Ping,LU Yuan-yuan,CHANG Xue-lian,QI Ke-min
    2017, 25(3):  251-254.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-11
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    Objective To explore the influences of maternal deprivation in young mice on their brain accretion of DHA in adult life. Methods Newborn C57BL/6J male pups were randomly divided into 2 groups:a maternal deprivation group (n=8) and a control group (n=8).The pups in the maternal deprivation group were separated from their mother for 6 hours (9:00~15:00) per day from postnatal day 4 to day 14,while the controls did not receive any intervention.The mice in both groups were sacrificed at the age of 12 weeks.The fatty acid composition in plasma and brain cortex was analyzed by the gas-chromatography.The expressions of delta 5 and delta 6 desaturases in the liver and brain were determined by the real-time PCR. Results Compared to the control group,the concentrations of DHA and n-3 PUFAs in brain were significantly decreased,whereas those of DPA were increased,leading to increased ratios of AA/DHA and n-6 /n-3 PUFAs in the deprivation group.However,no differences were shown in the plasma fatty acid composition between the maternal deprivation group and the control group.Comparing with the control group,the mRNA expression of cerebral delta 5 and delta 6 were significantly reduced in maternal deprivation group. Conclusion Maternal deprivation in early life reduces brain accretion of DHA in adult age,which may be resulted from the decreased desaturases' expressions.
    Important roles for the gut microbiome in autism spectrum disorder
    FU Jin-jian,ZHANG Yu,LI Hong-hui
    2017, 25(3):  255-257.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-12
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    Studies show that most of patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) have significant gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms and gut microbiome disorders.These bacterias may be the potential biomarkers of ASD.Studies of microbiome in ASD suggest that changes in the gut microbiome may be associated with ASD and GI disorders in children with ASD.This article reviews the relationship between intestinal bacteria and ASD,and provide a theoretical basis by discussing gut microbiomes as a potential target for ASD therapy.
    Update of methylmalonicacidemia in incidence,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis
    GE Juan,QIAO Ling-yan,LI Tang
    2017, 25(3):  258-260.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-13
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    Methylmalonicacidemia is the most common disease of organic acid disorder.It often leads to impairment of central nerve system,metabolic disorder,poor growth,organ dysfunction and so on.Methylmalonicacidemia has high rate of death and disability which does tremendous harm for affected children.In recent years,as the rapid development of tandem mass spectrometry,gaschromatography-mass spectrometry,and gene testing technology,screening for inborn errors of metabolism is widespread.This increases the detection rate of the disease and diagnoses certain presymptomatic patients.Therefore,kids suffering from methylmalonicacidemia have advantages in diagnosis and treatment at early time which improves their prognosis obviously.This paper is a review of update of methylmalonicacidemia.
    Psychological treatment of children tic disorders
    SHI Qiu-xia,WANG Hui-mei
    2017, 25(3):  261-264.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-14
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    Tic disorders (TD) is a chronic neurological developmental obstacle,and often accompanied by other neurological or psychiatric disorders.As is known to all,TD was affected by internal factors (such as genetic,personality) and external factors (environment) together.The common Methods to treatment TD are drugs and psychological therapy.Considering the limitations of drug treatment,psychological treatment as a kind of independent therapy has its unique advantages.Therapeutive researches on TD in recent years are collected,each of these Methods simplily is descripted and their effectiveness are evaluated.
    Influence of early catch-up growth on late physiological and neuropsychological development in preterm neonates:a review of recent study
    SONG Ze-yu,LI Xiu-hong
    2017, 25(3):  265-267.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-15
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    The term "catch-up growth" is described as children's accelerated growth following a period of growth retardation.Catch-up growth of preterm neonates has great influences on their physiological and neuropsychological development.Some studies show that early catch-up growth of preterm neonates leads to better physical and neuropsychological development.However other studies suggest that early catch-up growth of preterm neonates might increase their risks of obesity,hypertension and metabolic diseases.This article reviews the influence of early catch-up growth on late physological and neuropsychological development in preterm neonates.
    Research progress of allergic disease comorbid with psychological and behavior problems in childhood
    PAN Li,HU Yan
    2017, 25(3):  268-270.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-16
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    Studies showed that the children with allergic disease have kinds of psychological and behavior problems.In turn,it is difficult to control the symptoms of allergic disease due to the change of emotion.The recent literature on the psychological and behavior problems related to allergic diseases were reviewed,in order to improve the awareness of comorbidity and facilitate the management of allergic diseases by comprehensive intervention measures.
    Analysis of bibliometric papers on the epidemiology of Chinese children with autism spectrum disorders in 2000-2016
    DAI Qiong,XU Hai-qing,WANG Hong,ZHAO Zhi-wei,ZHANG Xuan,ZHOU Ai-qin,WANG Xiao-yan,DING Li-hua
    2017, 25(3):  271-274.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-17
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    Objective To analyze the epidemiology with autistic spectrum disorder in Chinese children by bibliometric. Method According to CNKI Chinese Journal Full-text Database,21 papers in this field of the epidemiology of children with ASD were statistically analyzed and evaluated by bibliometric. Results In 2000-2016,the related literature on the epidemiology of children with ASD in China was increasing.21 papers were distributed in 15 kinds of journals,among which were included by all research progress in this field.Nearly 80% of the articles were included in various core journals.About 45% papers were supported by various foundation.The rate of author's cooperation was 95.24%.47.62% papers in the total literature were issued by independent institutions. Conclusion It provides a useful reference for understanding the research progress in this field by bibliometric analysis of the external features of the literatures
    Influence of parents' sports attitudes and behaviors on teenagers:the value of information flow within the family between them
    ZOU Min,WANG Guo-jiao,PING Yong-zhong,SUN Hong-wei
    2017, 25(3):  275-277.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-18
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    Objective To analyze the correlation between middle school students' sports attitudes or behaviors and their parents' and to explore the value of information flow within the family between them. Method Middle school students were investigated for attitudes and bebaviors on sports among their parents and themselves using self-design questionnaires,including students' attitudes and behaviors rated by themselves,parents' attitudes and behaviors rated by themselves and parents' attitudes and behaviors rated by their children,and valid data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0. Results The degree of correlation between sports attitudes of middle school students and those of their parents(father:r=0.549;mother:r=0.533,P all<0.01) was higher than that between sports behaviors(father:r=0.323;mother:r=0.294,P all<0.01).The degree of correlation between parents' sports attitudes that middle school students awared of and students' sports attitudes(father:r=0.681;mother:r=0.615,P all<0.01) was higher than that between parents' sports behaviors that middle school students awared of and students' sports behaviors(father:r=0.414;mother:r=0.388,P all<0.01).The parents' sports attitudes and behaviors that their children awared of were completely mediators in the relationship between middle school students' and their parents' sports attitudes and behaviors. Conclusion The effect of information flow within the family on middle school students' sports attitudes and behaviors is significant.
    Survey of high school freshmen's depression and its influencing factors
    JIA Ying-jie,XIE Hong-tao,WANG Qi,SUN Li,ZHAO Hui,ZHANG Hong-yan,SHEN Zhen
    2017, 25(3):  278-280.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-19
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    Objective To investigate the incidence of mental health problems of high school freshmen and its related influence factors,to provide the theory basis for research on promoting the freshmen adapt to high school life as soon as possible and reducing the occurrence of psychological behavior problems. Methods The freshmen newly enrolled 2 months who came from Shanghai Putuo District two high school were measured by some evaluated tools,which including Beck depression questionnaire,General Self-Efficacy Scale(GSES),Family Assessment Device (FAD),etc. Results Among the 933 questionnaires,928(99.46%) of which were valid.There were 517 cases of depression by Beck depression questionnaire,accounting for 55.7%.The Logistic regression analysis showed that schoolgirl,low general self-efficacy,dysfunctional family and feeling of learning pressure were the main impact factor of depression. Conclusions The incidence rate of depression in high school freshmen is high.Among them,schoolgirls with low general self-efficacy and dysfunctional family are more likely to suffer from depression.High schools and families should pay more attention to the high school freshmen's mental health and their ability to adapt to a new environment,to help them adapt to the high school life as soon as possible.
    Characteristic analysis of systemic family dynamics in early childhood
    LI Jia-yue,HE Li,YUE Li,YANG Lan,NAN Nan,LIU Yue-fen,WANG Yan-xia,WANG Chen,DING Li-wei,ZHU Ying
    2017, 25(3):  281-283.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-20
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    Objective To know about the characteristics of systemic family dynamics in early childhood. Methods A total of 181 children aged 2~3 years old from the child health care were research subjects.The self rating scale of systemic family dynamics (SSFD) and self-made general questionaire were used and assessed. Results Children's sex,delivery mode,birth asphyxia,pathologic jaundice,feeding patterns,one-child or not,mainly foster parent had no statistical different effect on systemic family dynamics (P>0.05).Parents' education level,family income and family types had statistical different effect on systemic family dynamics (P<0.05). Conclusion Systemic family dynamics are mainly affected by parents' education level,family income and family types.
    Analysis of intelligence quotient and its influence factor in children with variant of benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes
    LIN Lei,WANG Xiao-ying
    2017, 25(3):  284-286.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-21
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    Objective To study intelligence quotient influence factor in variant of benign childhood epilepsy with centrotemporal spikes (BECTS). Methods 15 cases of children with variant of BECTS in the pediatric ward of Xinjiang Uygur autonomous region people's hospital in January 2010 to January 2015 were researched retrospectively and the clinical features were analysed,which include clinical onset features,damage of intelligence and neuropsychological,electroencephalogram features,drug treatment response and so on.The correlation of language scale scores and clinical factors of children with variant of BECTS were analysed by correlation analysis.The t-test was used to compare the intelligence quotient of the unilateral and bilateral electroencephalogram abnormal discharges. Results 66.7% of variant of BECTS children showed a certain degree of learning disabilities,15 cases of electroencephalogram showed spine slow waves and spike waves which was discharged in central,top area and (or) posterior temporal area (Rolandic area) of unilateral or bilateral brain,which increased significantly after sleep and could partly reach to electrical status epilepticus during slow sleep(ESES).Language scale scores were correlated negatively with the duration of the spike slow wave index(SWI)≥50% in non rapid eye movement(NREM)term and the variant symptoms.There was no statistical significance in the difference of intelligence quotient between different abnormal discharged groups in unilateral and bilateral brain regions. Conclusions The children with variant of BECTS suffer cognitive impairment.The longer time of the duration of NREM SWI≥50% and variation symptom last,the more serious the cognitive dissonance is.The combined application of high doses methylprednisolone and the epilepsy drug is effective treatment for most variant of BECTS.
    Research of the developmental characteristic and influencing factors in developmental language delay children
    ZHANG Rui-fan,LI Xin-yan,FAN Guo-ye,BAI Hua,WANG Wen-li
    2017, 25(3):  287-289.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-22
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    Objective To study the developmental characteristic and influencing factors in children with language developmental delay,and provide scientific reference for these children' early recognition and comprehensive intervention. Methods A total of 240 children,who had developmental delay in language under five years old,were included.Gesell Test was used to evaluate children neurodevelopment. Results 1)After 2 years old,the developmental quotient (DQ) of each domain was significant decline (P<0.001),especially the DQ of language.2) Age and gestational age had statistic differences between children who had only language problem and combined other disorders(P<0.001).But there were no significant differences in gender,delivery,birth weight,maternal educational level and the family history(P>0.05). Conclusions About 2 years old is a focus age to find language delay in children.Language screening should be strengthened at about 2 years old for the early detection of language delay.Premature delivery is the main factor of developmental delay in language.Avoiding premature delivery is the key to prevent developmental delay in language.
    Comparison study of neuropsychological development between 22q11.2 deletion syndrome and congenital heat disease in early childhood
    YAO Hai-li,YAN Dong-yong,SUN Xue-qin,YE Ming,SUN Jin-qiao,WANG Xiao-chuan
    2017, 25(3):  290-292.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-23
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    Objective To study the effect of congenital heart defects (CHD) on the neuropsychological development of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome (22q11.2DS) in early childhood. Methods Neuropsychological development was evaluated at early childhood using Chinese version of Gesell developmental scales,WPPI-I or WISC-I according to their age.Development quotients (DQ) of each area between two groups were analyzed by independent-sample T-test.The difference of DQ between 22q11.2DS with and without complex CHD was also analyzed. Results The mean age of evaluation of 22q11.2DS group (12 cases,8 male) and CHD-only group (18 cases,9 male) was 32.9 months (from 9 to 89 months) and 22.9 months (from 7 to 74 months) respectively.The mean DQ of gross motor performance,fine motor movement,adaptive behavior,language development and individual social behaviors were mild to moderate disability in 22q11.2DS group,which were 63.5±10.2,65.4±10.7,61.7±9.3,56.7±10.1,60.5±9.7 respectively.The mean DQ of each area of CHD-only group was normal and was higher than that of the 22q11.2DS group significantly.The mean DQ of 5 areas was similar without significant difference statistically comparing between 22q11.2DS with and without complex CHD. Conclusion Neuropsychological development delay is one of the main clinical features of 22q11.2DS in early childhood and could not be affected by CHD and the complexity of CHD.
    Analysis of the correlation between the asthma predictive index and bronchiolitis at the first in infants and the forthcoming repeated wheezing
    SHEN Ren,LI Meng-rong,ZHANG Lin-tao,ZHENG Bo
    2017, 25(3):  293-296.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-24
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    Objective To observe the correlation between the asthma predictive index (API) and bronchiolitis at the first in infants and the forthcoming repeated wheezing. Methods A total of 146 patients with bronchiolitis from inpatient or outpatient pediatric first were randomly divided into API positive group( 64)and API negative group(82).The two groups were treated with the same comprehensive treatment,to compare the severity of wheezing at the first in infants with two groups.The incidence of wheezing between two groups were analyzed after 1 year follow-up.Moreover,the all risk factors of wheezing in infants were analyzed by single factor and multiple factor logistic regression analysis after 1 year follow-up. Results The severity and the incidence of wheezing at the first in API positive group were higher than those of API negative group(all P<0.05).The single factor analysis showed that repeated wheezing was associated with inhaled allergens,parental history of asthma,allergic dermatitis (eczema),eosinophil count,eating allergens,allergic family history,respiratory syncytial virus infection,often crying,passive smoking,breast feeding and other factors(P<0.05) and had no associated with cesarean section and feeding pets(P>0.05).The multiple factor logistic regression analysis showed that independent risk factor for wheezing included API positive,family history of allergies,respiratory syncytial virus infection,passive smoking and often crying.Moreover,the independent protective factor for wheezing was breast feeding. Conclusion The incidence of infant bronchiolitis and later repeated wheezing are associated with many factors,among which API is the most obvious.
    Effects of dietary and exercise intervention on clinical characteristics in obese children
    MA Li
    2017, 25(3):  297-300.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-25
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    Objective To explore the clinical features of glucose and lipid metabolism in obese children and analyse the effects of dietary fiber and exercise intervention. Methods 110 obese children visiting our hospital from June 2013 to November 2014 were enrolled as obesity and 90 lean children were selected as normal control.Height,weight,waist circumference and hip circumference of all chilgren were measured,and the BMI was calculated.Differences in anthropometric data were compared between the two groups.At the same time,the obese children were randomly classified into two groups:clinical trial group (55 children) and control group (55 children).The clinical trial group were given dietary fiber food and exercise intervention for five weeks,while the control group were just given general direction.The biochemical paramaters including glucose metabolism,lipid metabolism,protein metabolism and the blood pressure in all the children were measured. Results The waist circumference,hip circumference,weight and BMI in the obese group were significantly higher compared to the normal lean group (P<0.05).After intervention,the weight,BMI,waist circumference,plasma glucose,postprandial glucose,total cholesterol,triglyceride,high density lipoprotein and blood pressure in the clinical trial group were declined compared to the control group.Whereas there was no differences in low density lipoprotein cholesterol between between the two groups(P>0.05). Conclusions Obese children have disturbances in clinical characteristics.Dietary fiber toghther with exercise intervention may be benefit for improving the disorders in glucose and lipid metabolism and blood pressure.
    Investigation of emotional maltreatment by parents/caregivers
    HE Shu-qing
    2017, 25(3):  301-303.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-26
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    Objective To investigate the prevalence of emotional maltreatment by parents/caregivers among preschool children and to explore the relevant effect factors of emotional maltreatment by parents/caregivers. Method An anonymous self-administered questionnaire was performed on 842 preschool children's parents/caregiver from five kindergartens in Xicheng district of Beijing. Results The prevalence of emotional maltreatment by parents/caregivers against children in the past one year was 15.9%.It was more probable for parents who had childhood maltreated experiences to give more emotional maltreatment to their children than parents who didn't have childhood maltreated experiences (P<0.001). Conclusions There is a quite proportion of emotional maltreatment by parents/caregivers among preschool children.The potential risk factors may be parents who had history of being abused.
    Investigation on measles antibodies level of children in High-tech district of Urumqi
    XIN Xiu-mei,XIONG Fei,ZHU Yang,WANG Xia
    2017, 25(3):  304-305.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-27
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    Objective To investigate measles antibodies level of children in High-tech district of Urumqi and to provide the scientific basis for the development of immunization countermeasures. Methods A total of 560 students aged 3 to 15 were selected from six schools in High-tech district of Urumqi by cluster sampling.The serum IgG levels of measles antibody were detected by ELISA. Results 3~15 years old children's overall measles antibody positive rate was 92.32% in High-tech district of Urumqi.The antibody positive rates were no statistically significant different (P≥0.05) in different groups of different ages,genders,nationalities,places of residence and history of measles disease respectively.The prevalence of measles was 1.43%.The antibody positive rates of different dose were no statistically significant different (P≥0.05).The antibody positive rates of civil population was higher than that of the floating population (P<0.05).The antibody positive rates increased with the growth of age while decreased with the growth of dose vaccination (P<0.05). Conclusion Floating children measles antibody levels remains to be further improved,so the proper supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) implementation is important for elimination of measles.
    Analysis of influencing factors of intelligence development of children attending early develop-promoting class
    DIAO Feng-ping,WU Qi,TAN Yan-qin
    2017, 25(3):  306-308.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-28
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    Objective To explore the influencing factors of intelligence development of children attending early develop-promoting class(early class),and to provide the countermeasures of improving the effect of early class and promoting intelligence development of children. Methods A total of 252 families attending the early class during 2013-2015 were investigated by questionnaire about the children and actual raisers.The children attended the early class once per week,and were evaluated the developmental quotient (DQ) at the attending time,6 months,and 12 months later. Results Children's DQ increased by 11.48±4.12(t=23.58,P<0.01) at 12 months after attending class.Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that children's age at attending,Apgar score at birth,relationship between children and actual raisers,family income,rate of class attending,rate of family training after class and score of early develop-promoting knowledge were the influencing factors of intelligence development of children attending early class (F=18.649,P<0.01). Conclusion Attending early class as early as possible,strengthening management of class,and paying attention to early develop-promoting propaganda of children can improve the effect of early class and promote intelligence development of children.
    Comparative study of the temperament,the behavior problems and parental rearing patterns in 8~12 years old children among Uyghur ethnicity,Kazakand ethnicity and Han ethnicity
    YANG Geng-lin,Wena·aishanbai,Mailikaimu·abudukelimu,DING Ling,WANG Ling-li,Ainiwa·xiaokelati
    2017, 25(3):  309-311.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-29
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    Objective To compare the features of the children's temperament,the behavior problems and parental rearing patterns in children aged 8~12 among Uyghur ethnicity,Kazakand ethnicity and Han ethnicity. Methods The total of 876 children (including 295 Uyghur ethnicity,276 Kazakand ethnicity and 305 Han ethnicity)aged 8~12 years old from six primary schools in Urumqi were randomly sampled.All students and their parents were assessed using "Egma Minnen av Bardndosnauppforstran(EMBU)" scale,"Middle Childhood Temperament Questionnaire (MCTQ)" and "Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire ( PSQ )". Results 1)Compared with the Han ethnicity group,the children of Uyghur ethnicity and Kazakand ethnicity got higher scores on FF1,FF3,FF4,MF1,MF2,MF5(P<0.05).2)The children of Kazak ethnicity got higher scores on activity and persistence factors of MCTQ(P<0.05).And the children of Uyghur ethnicity and Kazakand ethnicity got lower scores on adaptability.3)The children of Uyghur ethnicity got higher scores on the behavioral problems and the urge-restlessness of PSQ.And the children of Kazakand ethnicity got lower scores on the anxiety. Conclusion The Results manifested the Uyghur ethnicity,Kazakand ethnicity and Han ethnicity children are different in the children temperament,the behavior problems and parental rearing patterns.
    Epidemiological investigation of childhood asthma in Lianyungang
    ZHANG Yu-hong ,YU Yan-yan,WANG Yi-fen,QIAN Qian,LI Wei
    2017, 25(3):  312-314.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-30
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    Objective To investigate the prevalence of asthma in children aged 3 to 14 years in Lianyungang. Methods A total of 9 612 children were selected by distributed cluster random sampling and investigated by screening questionnaire.The Results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results The prevalence of asthma among children aged 3 to 14 in Lianyungang city was about 4.2%.The prevalence rate of male was about 5.01% and the prevalence rate was about 3.28%.Weather change or exposure to cold air was the main cause of asthma exacerbation in children in this region.Synthetic board furniture was given priority to asthma group and prevalence of father smoking was significantly greater than the control group (P<0.05).The utilization rate of β-lactam antibiotics before asthma diagnosis was 80.60%.Only 47.01% of families indicated that they were fully able to bear the cost of treatment.33.58% of children indicated that asthma affected their learning time more than 10 days each year,and 5.97% of the children never participated in sports activities. Conclusions The prevalence of asthma in children aged 3 to 14 years old in Lianyungang is higher than that of the national average prevalence.The improvement of living environment and style,timely diagnosis,rational use of drugs and standard treatment are keys to prevention and control of asthma.
    Analysis of the relationship between the risk factors and premature cerebral palsy
    WANG Hong-bo,ZHANG Qiu-li,HE Rui-rong,WANG Yan-ling
    2017, 25(3):  315-318.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-31
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    Objective To provide the theory for the prevention and treatment of premature cerebral palsy,and analyze the relationship between the risk factors and premature cerebral palsy. Methods From Oct.2008 to Oct.2014,70 cases of cerebral palsy from the disabled rehabilitation were selected as research object,140 cases of healthy examined children were selected as control group with the corresponding period.The clinical data of all the subjects were analyzed. Results A total of 70 cases of cerebral palsy were all accompanied by different degree of movement disorders.For single factor analysis,the history of bad production,repeated vaginal bleeding during pregnancy,elderly parturient,abnormal amniotic fluid,pregnant infection,cord around neck,malposition,whose fathers drank,weight ≤1.5 kg,dystocia,fetal intrauterine distress,neonatal asphyxia,pathologic jaundice,hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,pneumonia of newborn were all related with cerebral palsy.For Logistic analysis,the history of bad production,abnormal amniotic fluid,fetal intrauterine distress,neonatal asphyxia,pathologic jaundice,hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,pneumonia of newborn were all risk factors for cerebral palsy. Conclusions Cerebral palsy is related with a variety of factors during antepartum and intrapartum and postpartum periods.Positive prevention,pregnancy examination and perinatal care according to the risk factors for cerebral palsy would reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy.
    Study on present situation of infants parenting status about psychological behavior development in Dongcheng district in Beijing
    WANG Dan,GE Jian-lin,WANG Zheng-yan,ZHU Xue-na,JIA Zhao-xia,ZHAO Yong-xian,LIANG Ai-min
    2017, 25(3):  319-322.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2017-25-03-32
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    Objective To investigate the present situation of infants parenting status in Dongcheng district in Beijing,in order to provide a basis for further targeted intervention. Method A total of 460 families of children aged from 6 months to 3 years old in Dongcheng district in Beijing were investigated by a self-designed questionnaire. Results About parenting behavior:15.2% families had spanked children,the proportion of dissatisfy with the demand of children in touch with nature and interaction with others accounted for 34.6%,53% separately.31.3% children used the electronic products for more than 1 hour every day.53% of the families often helped children to solve questions when the children encountered problems.43.3% families rarely set the time for children to play.About the mother's own characteristics:The higher the education level of mother was,the shorter the time spending with their babies was(χ2=0.153,P=0.001).The mothers who had the educational level above University,were more likely to encourage children to do things by themselves(χ2=4.423,P=0.035),and less corporal punishment (χ2=5.432,P=0.02);The older the mother's child-bearing ages were the longer the time spending with their babies was(χ2=0.150,P=0.002).Mothers older than 30 years often met the needs of the children immediately (χ2=4.948,P=0.026);About family structure:Core families often took their children to contact nature(χ2=7.632,P=0.007),and the consistency of family rearing attitude was higher(χ2=4.557,P=0.033). Conclusions The families of infants in Dongcheng district in Beijing exist improper parenting attitudes and behavior for early childhood development.The targeted family education is needed to improve the current situation of children's parenting status and to promote early childhood development.