Abstract: Objective To analyze the trends of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years from 2009 to 2018 in Shanghai, in order to provide evidence for the prevention and control of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents. Methods A total of 523 112 children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years with complete data were selected from students' common diseases surveillance program in Shanghai from 2009 to 2018.Overweight and obesity were defined using the growth reference for school-age children and adolescents established by the World Health Organization in 2007 (here in after referred to as WHO standard).Multivariate linear regression model was used to examine the trends in body mass index(BMI), and multivariate Logistic regression model was used to examine the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Results The total detection rates of overweight and obesity among children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years in Shanghai in 2018 were 19.37% and 10.78%.The detection rates of overweight and obesity were 22.33% and 16.27% for boys, and 16.31% and 5.13% for girls, respectively, which were significantly higher in boys than those in girls (χ²=253.26, 1 404.73, P<0.001).After adjusting for the age and sex, the rate of overweight and obesity increased from 16.94% and 9.22% in 2009 to 19.37% and 10.78% in 2018, respectively (P_trend<0.001). Conclusions BMI and the rate of overweight and obesity of children and adolescents aged 6 to 17 years in Shanghai show an increasing trend from 2009 to 2018.The growth rate of overweight and obesity tends to be flat, but it is still prevalent.

Key words: overweight, obesity, children, adolescents

摘要： 目的 分析2009-2018年上海市6~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖的变化趋势,为预防和控制儿童青少年超重肥胖提供依据。方法 采用2009-2018年上海市连续10年的学生常见病监测项目横断面调查数据,选取资料完整的523 112名6~17岁儿童青少年作为研究对象。超重和肥胖判定标准采用2007年世界卫生组织(WHO)制定的儿童青少年生长参照标准(WHO标准)。采用多元线性回归模型分析儿童青少年体重指数变化趋势,Logistic回归模型分析超重和肥胖率的变化趋势。结果 2018年上海市6~17岁儿童青少年超重和肥胖总体检出率分别为19.37%、10.78%,男生分别为22.33%、16.27%,女生分别为16.31%、5.13%,超重和肥胖检出率男生均高于女生(超重:χ²=253.26,P<0.001;肥胖:χ²=1 404.73,P<0.001)。调整年龄、性别后,超重和肥胖率分别由2009年的16.94%、9.22%增加至2018年的19.37%、10.78%(P_趋势<0.001)。结论 2009-2018年上海市6~17岁儿童青少年体重指数、超重和肥胖率均呈增加趋势,增长速度放缓,但仍处于流行状态。

关键词: 超重, 肥胖, 儿童, 青少年