Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between childhood obesity and attention cognitive control through event-related potentials and behavioral monitoring using the cued target/non-target (Go/Nogo) task mode, in order to provide reference for early detection of attention problems in obese children. Methods A total of 38 obese children were selected from the obesity clinic of Changzhou Children′s Hospital from August 2019 to August 2021, and 41 normal children were selected from a primary school in Changzhou during the same period. A continuous performance test (CPT) was used to conduct electroencephalogram (EEG) tests, ERP and behavioral data were recorded and compared. Results At the behavioral level, compared with the normal group, the correct hits of obese children were significantly reduced [37(35, 39) vs. 39(38, 40), Z=-3.459, P=0.001)], and the reaction time was prolonged [(502.21±95.29) ms vs. (454.45±95.24) ms, t=2.210, P=0.030], and the variability of reaction time was higher [(147.74±50.15) ms vs. (105.89±44.87) ms, t=3.330, P=0.001]. There was no significant difference in the number of false reports between the two groups (P > 0.05). At the cognitive level, there was no significant difference in N2 amplitude and latency between the obesity group and normal group under Go and Nogo conditions. The P3 Nogo/Go effect of obese children was significantly weaker than that of the normal group, and the Nogo-P3 amplitude of obese children was significantly lower than that of the control group [(16.47±8.46) μV vs. (21.58±7.91) μV, t=-2.771, P=0.007]. Conclusions Obese individuals have cognitive impairment of continuous attention, which is manifested in the decrease of hit number and the increase of response variation at the behavioral level. The conflict monitoring ability of obese children is equivalent to that of normal children, but their active inhibition ability is impaired, with the decrease of Nogo-P3 amplitude as a sensitive index of impairment.

Key words: children, obesity, continuous attention, active inhibition

摘要： 目的 采用提示性靶/非靶(Go/Nogo)任务模式,通过事件相关电位(ERP)和行为监测,探讨儿童肥胖与注意认知控制之间的关系,为肥胖儿童注意力问题的早发现早干预提供依据。方法 2019年8月—2021年8月从常州儿童医院肥胖门诊选取肥胖儿童38例,同期在常州某小学选取正常儿童41人,采用持续注意范式(CPT)进行脑电测试,记录并比较ERP及行为学数据。结果 1)行为层面,与正常组相比,肥胖组儿童正确击中数明显减少[37(35,39)个 vs. 39(38,40)个,Z=-3.459,P=0.001],反应时延长[(502.21±95.29)ms vs.(454.45±95.24)ms,t=2.210,P=0.030],反应时变异性高[147.74±50.15)ms vs.(105.89±44.87)ms,t=3.330,P=0.001),两组间虚报个数差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。2)认知层面,Go、Nogo条件下肥胖组与正常组N2波幅及潜伏期均差异不显著;肥胖组儿童的P3 Nogo/Go效应明显弱于正常组,肥胖儿童Nogo-P3波幅显著低于对照组[(16.47±8.46)μV vs.(21.58±7.91)μV,t=-2.771,P=0.007]。结论 肥胖儿童存在持续注意认知障碍,表现在行为层面的击中数减少和反应变异时增加,肥胖儿童的冲突监测能力与正常儿童相当,但其主动抑制能力受损,Nogo-P3幅值降低是受损敏感指标。

关键词: 儿童, 肥胖, 注意认知, 主动抑制