Abstract: Objective To systematically evaluate the association of drinking water with children's energy intake and obesity, in order to provide evidence-based reference for the formulation of relevant policies. Methods The relevant literature published from 1998 to 2021 was retrieved from China Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), CNKI, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform and PubMed. The keywords included "preschool children, infant, toddler, school-age children, teenagers, adolescents, overweight, obesity, weight gain, body mass index (BMI), body fat rate, sufficient drinking water, water intake, water displacement and drinking water". The quality of the randomized controlled trial (RCT) study was evaluated by referring to the GRADE evidence quality evaluation method of WHO and using the JBI evidence-based health care center (2016) quality evaluation standard. Result After literature screening, a total of 4 articles were included in this systematic evaluation, of which one article showed that drinking water increased the consumption of resting energy, one study indicated that drinking water reduced weight, one study showed that drinking water reduced BMI, and one study showed that drinking water reduced the incidence of overweight and obesity, but reduced the intake of sugary drinks. Conclusion Preferred intake of water may help reduce total energy intake, body weight and BMI in children and adolescents.

Key words: drinking water, obesity, evidence-based medicine, child

摘要： 目的 系统评价饮水与儿童能量摄入及肥胖的关系,为相关政策的制定提供循证依据。方法 检索1998—2021年公开发表的相关文献,中文数据库为中国生物医学文献数据库(CBM)、中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台,英文数据库PubMed等。检索词为“学龄前儿童、婴儿、幼儿、学龄儿童、少年、青少年、超重、肥胖、增重、BMI、体脂率、足量饮水、水摄入量、水排水量、喝水和饮水量”,再参考WHO的GRADE证据质量评价方法和采用JBI循证卫生保健中心(2016)质量评价标准对RCT研究进行质量评价。结果 经过文献筛选,共有4篇文献纳入本次系统评价,其中1篇表明饮水可增加静息能量消耗;1篇研究表明饮水能够减轻体重;1篇研究表明饮水能够降低BMI;1篇表明饮水不能降低超重肥胖发生率,但能减少含糖饮料的摄入。结论 首选摄入白水可能有助于减少儿童青少年总能量的摄入、降低体重和BMI。

关键词: 饮水, 肥胖, 循证医学, 儿童