天然化合物调控Nrf2信号通路治疗椎间盘退变的研究进展

doi:10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.01.013

中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2026, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (1): 116-124.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.01.013

• 综述与讲座 • 上一篇

天然化合物调控Nrf2信号通路治疗椎间盘退变的研究进展

杜健强¹^,²(), 张起³^,*(), 古恩鹏², 徐晨¹^,², 郭源¹^,², 张梦龙¹^,², 郭锦柯¹^,², 吴思⁴, 谢海波⁴

1. 天津中医药大学，天津 301617
2. 天津中医药大学第二附属医院，天津 300250
3. 天津市滨海新区中医医院暨天津中医药大学第四附属医院，天津 300450
4. 天津中医药大学第一附属医院，天津 300193

收稿日期:2025-05-08 修回日期:2025-07-14 出版日期:2026-01-26 发布日期:2026-02-13
通讯作者: 张起 E-mail:995922837@qq.com;zyyfyyx@163.com
作者简介:杜健强，男，博士研究生，研究方向：骨伤科疾病的中西医结合治疗。E-mail：995922837@qq.com
基金资助:
古恩鹏天津市名中医传承工作室建设项目；天津中医药大学骨伤研究所开放课题项目（2024GSQ03，2024GSQ04，2024GSY01）；天津市卫生健康科技项目（TJWJ2022QN107）；天津市卫健委中医中西医结合科研项目（2023192）；天津市教委科研项目（2024KJ049）

Advances in the modulation of Nrf2 signaling by natural compounds for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration

Jianqiang DU¹^,²(), Qi ZHANG³^,*(), Enpeng GU², Chen XU¹^,², Yuan GUO¹^,², Menglong ZHANG¹^,², Jinke GUO¹^,², Si WU⁴, Haibo XIE⁴

1. Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 301617, China
2. The Second Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300250, China
3. Tianjin Binhai New Area Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300450, China
4. The First Affiliated Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China

Received:2025-05-08 Revised:2025-07-14 Online:2026-01-26 Published:2026-02-13
Contact: Qi ZHANG E-mail:995922837@qq.com;zyyfyyx@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

椎间盘退变（IDD）是引发慢性腰背痛的主要原因，然而目前缺少有效且安全的靶向药物。研究表明IDD的病理机制与氧化应激、炎症反应、细胞外基质降解、细胞自噬及凋亡等过程密切相关，核因子E2相关因子2（Nrf2）信号通路广泛参与上述活动，在延缓IDD进程中具有关键作用。根据近年来相关文献报道，部分天然产物可通过靶向Nrf2信号通路干预IDD且取得了一定成果，然而其具体分子机制仍需进一步深入阐述。基于此，本文就Nrf2信号的结构功能以及在IDD中的具体作用进行介绍，同时探讨了中药天然产物的干预研究进展，以期为基于靶向Nrf2信号通路防治IDD的治疗策略提供理论依据。

关键词: 椎间盘退变, Nrf2信号通路, 作用机制, 天然化合物, 治疗靶点

Abstract:

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) is a major cause of chronic low back pain, yet there is a lack of effective and safe targeted drugs. Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of IDD is closely related to oxidative stress, inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation, autophagy and apoptosis, and the nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling pathway is widely involved in the abovementioned activities, which plays a key role in slowing down the progression of IDD. According to recent literature, some natural products can target the Nrf2 signaling pathway to intervene in IDD and have achieved certain results, however, their specific molecular mechanisms still need to be further elaborated. Based on this, this article introduces the structure and function of Nrf2 signaling and its specific role in IDD, and discusses the progress of the intervention of natural products of traditional Chinese medicine, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the therapeutic strategy based on the targeting of Nrf2 signaling to prevent and control IDD.

Key words: intervertebral disc degeneration, Nrf2 signaling pathway, mechanism of action, natural compounds, therapeutic targets

中图分类号:

杜健强, 张起, 古恩鹏, 徐晨, 郭源, 张梦龙, 郭锦柯, 吴思, 谢海波. 天然化合物调控Nrf2信号通路治疗椎间盘退变的研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2026, 31(1): 116-124.

Jianqiang DU, Qi ZHANG, Enpeng GU, Chen XU, Yuan GUO, Menglong ZHANG, Jinke GUO, Si WU, Haibo XIE. Advances in the modulation of Nrf2 signaling by natural compounds for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2026, 31(1): 116-124.

图/表 2

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天然化合物		实验对象	作用机制	实验效果	文献
黄酮类化合物	银杏总黄酮	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/ARE通路	抗炎，抗氧化，抑制细胞凋亡	[38]
	桃叶珊瑚苷	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2通路，抑制NF-κB通路	抗炎，抗氧化，抑制细胞凋亡及ECM 降解	[39]
	橙皮素	C57BL/6小鼠	激活Nrf2通路，抑制NF-κB通路	抑制氧化应激	[40]
	淫羊藿苷	C57BL/6小鼠	激活Nrf-2/HO-1通路	激活线粒体自噬	[41]
	木犀草素	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路，抑制NF-κB 通路	抑制炎症、细胞凋亡和ECM降解	[42]
	汉黄芩素	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1-SOD2-NQO1-GCLC 通路	抗氧化、抗炎	[27]
	金丝桃苷	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/ARE通路，抑制SIRT1/NF-κB 通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡、减轻炎症反应，重塑ECM	[43]
萜类化合物	熊果酸	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡、减轻炎症反应，重塑ECM	[44]
	虾青素	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡，重塑ECM	[45]
	穿心莲内酯	大鼠髓核细胞	激活MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡	[46]
	番茄红素	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡	[47]
酚类化合物	没食子酸	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2通路	减少ECM降解，抑制氧化应激	[48]
	鼠尾草酚	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抗炎、抗氧化	[49]
	姜黄素	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及铁死亡	[50]
	茶多酚	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/Keap1/ARE通路	抑制氧化应激、ECM降解	[51]
	红景天苷	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/ARE通路	抑制氧化应激、ECM降解，减轻炎性反应	[52]
生物碱类化合物	吴茱萸碱	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2通路	减轻线粒体功能障碍，抑制ECM降解、炎症反应	[53]
	青藤碱	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	促进细胞增殖活性，抑制氧化应激、细胞凋亡	[54]
	紫檀芪	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2通路	减轻炎症反应	[55]

天然化合物		实验对象	作用机制	实验效果	文献
黄酮类化合物	银杏总黄酮	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/ARE通路	抗炎，抗氧化，抑制细胞凋亡	[38]
	桃叶珊瑚苷	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2通路，抑制NF-κB通路	抗炎，抗氧化，抑制细胞凋亡及ECM 降解	[39]
	橙皮素	C57BL/6小鼠	激活Nrf2通路，抑制NF-κB通路	抑制氧化应激	[40]
	淫羊藿苷	C57BL/6小鼠	激活Nrf-2/HO-1通路	激活线粒体自噬	[41]
	木犀草素	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路，抑制NF-κB 通路	抑制炎症、细胞凋亡和ECM降解	[42]
	汉黄芩素	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1-SOD2-NQO1-GCLC 通路	抗氧化、抗炎	[27]
	金丝桃苷	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/ARE通路，抑制SIRT1/NF-κB 通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡、减轻炎症反应，重塑ECM	[43]
萜类化合物	熊果酸	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡、减轻炎症反应，重塑ECM	[44]
	虾青素	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡，重塑ECM	[45]
	穿心莲内酯	大鼠髓核细胞	激活MAPK/Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡	[46]
	番茄红素	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2通路	抑制氧化应激及细胞凋亡	[47]
酚类化合物	没食子酸	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2通路	减少ECM降解，抑制氧化应激	[48]
	鼠尾草酚	大鼠髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抗炎、抗氧化	[49]
	姜黄素	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	抑制氧化应激及铁死亡	[50]
	茶多酚	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/Keap1/ARE通路	抑制氧化应激、ECM降解	[51]
	红景天苷	人髓核细胞	激活Nrf2/ARE通路	抑制氧化应激、ECM降解，减轻炎性反应	[52]
生物碱类化合物	吴茱萸碱	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2通路	减轻线粒体功能障碍，抑制ECM降解、炎症反应	[53]
	青藤碱	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2/HO-1通路	促进细胞增殖活性，抑制氧化应激、细胞凋亡	[54]
	紫檀芪	SD大鼠	激活Nrf2通路	减轻炎症反应	[55]

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天然化合物调控Nrf2信号通路治疗椎间盘退变的研究进展

Advances in the modulation of Nrf2 signaling by natural compounds for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration

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