巨噬细胞膜修饰纳米颗粒治疗糖尿病心血管并发症的研究进展

doi:10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.06.011

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

糖尿病心血管并发症是糖尿病患者死亡的主要原因之一。近年来，纳米颗粒药物递送系统在药物递送领域展现出显著优势，尤其在感染性疾病、癌症以及心血管疾病等疾病治疗中展现出巨大潜力。其中巨噬细胞膜修饰纳米颗粒凭借其出色的免疫逃逸能力和炎症靶向特性，显著增加药物在病变组织的富集，使其成为心血管并发症治疗研究的新方向。本文就巨噬细胞膜修饰纳米颗粒的仿生特性、作用机制及其在糖尿病心血管并发症治疗中的最新研究进展做一综述。重点探讨了该技术在调控炎症反应、缓解氧化应激以及改善内皮功能等方面的机制。旨在为开发针对糖尿病心血管并发症的精准治疗策略提供新的思路。

关键词: 糖尿病, 心血管并发症, 巨噬细胞膜, 纳米颗粒, 药物递送

Abstract:

Diabetic cardiovascular complications are one of the main causes of death in diabetic patients. In recent years, nanoparticle drug delivery systems have shown significant advantages in the field of drug delivery, especially in the treatment of infectious diseases, cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Among them, macrophage membrane nanoparticles significantly increase the enrichment of drugs in diseased tissues by virtue of their excellent immune escape ability and inflammatory targeting characteristics, making them a new direction for the treatment of cardiovascular complications. This article reviews the bionic characteristics, mechanism of action of macrophage membrane nanoparticles and the latest research progress in the treatment of diabetic cardiovascular complications. The mechanism of this technology in regulating the inflammatory response, alleviating oxidative stress and improving endothelial function was discussed. The aim is to provide new ideas for the development of precise treatment strategies for diabetic cardiovascular complications.

Key words: diabetes, cardiovascular complications, macrophage membrane, nanoparticles, drug delivery

中图分类号:

潘昕昀, 宋昀键, 王中群. 巨噬细胞膜修饰纳米颗粒治疗糖尿病心血管并发症的研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2026, 31(6): 821-826.

Xinyun PAN, Yunjian SONG, Zhongqun WANG. Research progress on macrophage membrane nanoparticles in the treatment of diabetic cardiovascular complications[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2026, 31(6): 821-826.

图/表 2

图 1

Fig.1 Mechanism of targeted anti-inflammatory and repair of drug-loaded macrophage membrane biomimetic nanoparticles (MM-NPs) A: CD47 expressed by drug-loaded macrophages binds to SIRPα on macrophage surfaces, inhibiting immune escape. Integrin α4/β1 expressed by drug-loaded macrophages binds to VCAM-1 on endothelial cells' surfaces, enabling homing to inflamed tissues. B: The mechanism of MM-NPs includes promoting the conversion of macrophages M1 to M2, reducing inflammatory factors, reducing oxidative stress, and improving endothelial function.

表 1

Table 1 Application of macrophage membrane modified nanoparticles in the treatment of atherosclerosis

Nanoparticles	Drugs	Mechanism	References
PLGA	Rapamycin	Inhibit macrophage and smooth muscle cell growth and improve endothelial function	[7]
PLGA	Colchicine	Reduce the production of inflammatory factors	[14]
Dextran-g-PBMEO	Kaempferol	Inhibit the ROS/NF-κB signaling pathway and reduce the production of inflammatory factors	[15]
Hyaluronic acid	Rosuvastatin and hydroxysafflor yellow A	Reduce ROS and promote macrophage polarization toward the M2 phenotype.	[17]
PIAMA	DA, β-CD, and MTX	Clear excess accumulated ROS	[19]
Hollow mesoporous manganese dioxide	Colchicine	Clear excess ROS and reactive nitrogen species	[20]

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