环状RNA的功能及在结直肠癌中的研究进展

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

结直肠癌(colorectal cancer，CRC)是人体常见的消化系统恶性肿瘤，其发病率和死亡率处于各类疾病的第三位。结直肠癌的发病受年龄、生活方式、肥胖、吸烟等的影响，近年的研究表明非编码RNA包括环状RNA的表达异常也参与结直肠癌的发生发展。环状RNA是一种新型的内源性非编码长链RNA，不同于常见的线性非编码RNA，其自身构成3' 端与5'端共价结合的封闭环状结构。环状RNA能作为RNA的海绵体以及调节剪切和转录。环状RNA也能调节蛋白与蛋白之间的作用以及影响核糖体成熟。越来越多的证据表明环状RNA通过对肿瘤细胞生长、转移、侵袭的调控直接参与结直肠癌的疾病进程。本文对环状RNA的功能及其在结直肠癌中的最新研究作一综述。

关键词: 结直肠癌, 环状RNA

Abstract:

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common human digestive system malignant tumor, and its morbidity and mortality are in the third place among different diseases. Many factors including age, life style, obesity, and smoking are involved in the morbidity of CRC. Recent studies have demonstrated the abnormal expressions of non-coding RNAs, including circular RNA, participate in the development and progression of CRC. CircRNAs are a novel type of endogenous long noncoding RNAs, unlike the better known linear RNA, forms a covalently closed continuous loop. Recent studies indicate that circRNAs can function as sponges of miRNA and regulators of splicing and transcription. CircRNAs can also modulate protein-protein interaction and affect the maturation of ribosomal. Emerging evidence indicates that circRNAs play a vital role in controlling the proliferation, metastasis and invasion of tumor cells. This review focuses on the function of circRNAs and discusses its role in colorectal cancer.

Key words: colorectal cancer, circRNA

中图分类号:

R735.3

彭向东，方伟进，何阳，郭韧. 环状RNA的功能及在结直肠癌中的研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2017, 22(10): 1189-1194.

PENG Xiangdong，FANG Weijin，HE Yang，GUO Ren. Circular RNA: function and role in colorectal cancer[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2017, 22(10): 1189-1194.

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