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中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 1491-1499.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2025.11.005

• 食欲素及其受体阻断剂治疗失眠障碍研究进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

达利雷生:药理学特性与临床应用

王赞,王瑞琦,孙晴晴,张亚男   

  1. 吉林大学第一医院神经内科睡眠中心,长春  130021,吉林
  • 出版日期:2025-11-26 发布日期:2025-12-04
  • 通讯作者: 王赞,吉林大学第一医院神经内科副主任,睡眠中心主任,教授,博士生导师,中国睡眠研究会常务理事,中国睡眠研究会睡眠障碍委员会、教育委员会副主任委员,中国卒中学会睡眠医学分会主任委员,中国医师协会睡眠医学专业委员会常委兼神经组副组长,中国医师协会神经内科医师分会睡眠学组副组长,中华医学会神经病学分会睡眠学组委员,北京神经内科学会睡眠障碍专委会副主任委员,东北内蒙古睡眠障碍诊治联盟主席,吉林省抗癫痫协会共病专委会主任委员,科技部国际合作同行评议专家,本科生教材睡眠医学编委,中风与神经疾病杂志副主编,主译Atlas of Sleep Medicine,发表学术论文100篇,SCI论文20篇,作为课题负责人承担科技部重点专项子课题、国家自然基金及省市课题多项。 E-mail:wangzan@jlu.edu.cn

Daridorexant: from discovery to clinical application

WANG Zan, WANG Ruiqi, SUN Qingqing, ZHANG Yanan   

  1. Sleep Center, Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, Jilin, China
  • Online:2025-11-26 Published:2025-12-04

摘要:

失眠障碍是一种常见的睡眠疾病,以入睡困难、睡眠维持困难及伴有日间功能障碍为特征,严重损害患者的身心健康、影响生活质量及社会功能。传统的苯二氮?类药物因成瘾性、耐药性及日间残留效应等不良反应,限制其临床应用。中枢神经系统过度觉醒被视为失眠的核心病理机制,这使得在觉醒调节中起关键作用的食欲素系统成为极具潜力的治疗靶点。达利雷生是一种新型双食欲素受体拮抗剂,已在中国获批上市。该药同时阻断食欲素1型受体和食欲素2型受体,在不扰乱睡眠结构的前提下,显著改善患者夜间睡眠与日间功能,并展现出良好的安全性。本文系统综述了达利雷生的药理学特性、临床疗效、安全性,旨在为该药在临床的合理使用提供全面依据。

关键词: 失眠, 双食欲素受体拮抗剂, 达利雷生, 安全性, 日间功能

Abstract:

Insomnia is a common sleep-wake disorder characterized by difficulty in falling asleep or maintaining sleep, accompanied by daytime dysfunction, which severely affects patients' physical and mental health, quality of life, and social functioning. Traditional first-line medications for insomnia, such as benzodiazepines, have limited utility due to their side effects, including addiction, drug tolerance, and daytime functional impairment. Central nervous system hyperarousal is one of the core pathophysiological mechanisms of insomnia. The orexin system has garnered significant attention for its key role in regulating and maintaining wakefulness, and suppressing arousal has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy for insomnia. Daridorexant, as a new dual orexin receptor antagonist, significantly improves nighttime sleep and daytime function without altering sleep architecture by simultaneously blocking orexin type 1 and type 2 receptors, and it exhibits a favorable safety profile. Currently, daridorexant has been approved for marketing in China. This article reviews the research journey of daridorexant, covering aspects from drug discovery, pharmacological properties, and clinical development to its safety, efficacy, and clinical application, thereby providing evidence for the use of this novel anti-insomnia agent.

Key words: insomnia, dual orexin receptor antagonist, daridorexant, safety, daytime function

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