Translation initiation factors and abnormalities of translation control in tumors

Abstract

Abstract: Maintenance of cell homeostasis and regulation of cell proliferation depend importantly on regulating the process of protein synthesis. Most translational controls occur during the initiation phase of protein synthesis recruiting several translation initiation factors (eIFs), with the initiation factors being the major target of regulation through their phosphorylation. When the process of protein synthesis is hyper-activated, abnormalities in the phosphorylation, expression and degradation were frequently observed, leading to an imbalance of cellular proteins that promotes cell proliferation and malignant transformation. This occurs, for example, when the cap-binding protein, eIF4E, is overexpressed, or when the methionyl-tRNAi-binding factor, eIF2, is too active, and when eIF3 hyper-activated. The importance of eIFs as regulators of protein synthesis and cell proliferation makes them potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of cancer. This review focuses on eIFs and mechanisms of translational control and how disregulation results in cell malignancy.

Key words: Translation initiation factors(eIFs), Translation control, Tumorigenesis, Malignant phenotype

CLC Number:

R968

SHEN Jie, XIE Hai-tang, LIU Zhao-qian. Translation initiation factors and abnormalities of translation control in tumors[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2013, 18(3): 331-338.

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