Abstract: AIM:To investigate the etiological distribution and drug resistance of bacterial infection in inpatients of nephrology department and to provide evidence for the selection of antibiotics for clinical treatment of bacterial infection. METHODS:The data of positive pathogenic bacteria were collected from the samples of inpatients of the department of nephrology of Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College from January 2016 to June 2019. RESULTS:A Total of 286 strains of bacteria were cultured, which were mainly from the respiratory tract infection and the urinary tract infection. Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 89.51% and gram positive bacteria accounted for 10.49%. Among Gram-negative bacteria, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and Enterobacter cloacae were the top three bacteria detected in Enterobacteriaceae, while Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii were the top two bacteria detected in non-fermentative negative bacilli; The detection rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing bacteria (ESBLs) was 32.87%, which were mainly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The resistant rates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in ESBLs to aztreonam and ceftriaxone were 83.8% and 100% respectively; The resistance rate of Carbapenem resistance strains was 6.29%. Among Gram-positive bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus was the most common, and the resistance rate of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) was 4.89%. CONCLUSION:ESBLs-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae had high detection rates among isolated bacterial pathogens in the department of nephrology.

Key words: nephrology department, pathogens, drug resistance, gram-positive bacteria, gram-negative bacteria