Endometriosis is a chronic, relapsing disease that requires long-term management. Adolescent endometriosis is a group that can be ignored, and the drug treatment is an important method for long-term management and fertility preservation. There are many kinds of drugs to treat endometriosis, such as NSAIDs, combined oral contraceptives (COC), progesterone, GnRHa. For the drug treatment selection, the characteristics of adolescents should be carefully considered and individualized treatment should be provided. In order to better long-term management, it is necessary to develop new treatments, which can effectively relieve endometriosis without damaging fertility. This review focuses on the drug treatment options and research progress of basic drug treatment for adolescent endometriosis, so as to delay disease progression, reduce adverse reactions, preserve fertility, and improve quality of life.