microRNA (miRNA) is a 22nt long single-stranded non-coding RNA that is involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Bronchial asthma is a heterogeneous disease, and airway inflammation is one of the important mechanisms of its pathogenesis. Asthma can be classified into different types based on the different immune mechanisms involved in its pathogenesis, and the mechanism of airway inflammation also varies between different types of asthma.This article reviews the research progress of miRNA in asthma airway inflammation and endotype, and explores the pathogenesis and treatment prospects of miRNA in asthma airway inflammation and endotype.