Research progress on drug molecular targeted delivery systems for cardiovascular complications of diabetes

doi:10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.06.010

Abstract

Abstract:

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized primarily by chronic hyperglycemia, with pathological features including disorders of carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism. This disease can lead to macrovascular and microvascular complications, resulting in various severe complications, such as diabetic neuropathy, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. Cardiovascular complications are one of the major complications, serving as a key factor contributing to poor prognosis, increased disability rates, and mortality in diabetic patients. Clinical manifestations include coronary heart disease, diabetic cardiomyopathy, and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy, among other pathological forms. Current clinical treatment options include blood glucose control, blood pressure management, lipid regulation, lifestyle interventions, and drug therapy. Traditional drug delivery systems have significant limitations, including marked interindividual differences in pharmacodynamics, suboptimal pharmacokinetic parameters, prominent long-term safety issues, insufficient target specificity, and limited administration routes. With the advancement of nanotechnology and molecular biology research, treatment strategies based on efficient targeted drug delivery systems have shown great potential in the field of diabetic cardiovascular complications. The development of efficient targeted drug delivery systems has become a key research direction in this field. This review systematically summarizes the latest research progress in targeted therapy for diabetic cardiovascular complications, focusing on the research achievements in cutting-edge fields such as nanocarrier technology, specific targeting molecule design, smart responsive delivery systems, and gene therapy. The aim is to elucidate the clinical translational value of molecular targeted delivery systems and provide theoretical basis and research insights for the development of novel therapeutic strategies.

Key words: diabetes, cardiovascular complications, molecular targeted delivery systems, nanoparticles

CLC Number:

R587.2
R54

Yan LIU, Xiaojiang QIN, Chengjie WEI, Xuelu JIANG, Zhifa ZHENG, Xiaoyang PENG, Liangyuan ZHAO, Yiwei SHI, Xiaomin HOU. Research progress on drug molecular targeted delivery systems for cardiovascular complications of diabetes[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2026, 31(6): 808-820.

Figures/Tables 5

Fig.1 Mechanisms of functionalized nanoparticles for the treatment of ischemic injury in the heart Passive targeting relies on enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effects, while active targeting strategies can be achieved by surface modification of specific ligands.

Fig.2 Metal nanoparticles in the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic cardiovascular diseases

Fig.3 Exemplary exosome modulation strategies in cardiovascular disease therapy

Fig.4 Stimuli-responsive nanoparticle drug delivery system triggered by endogenous stimuli Stimuli-responsive nanoparticles encountering endogenous stimuli (low pH, high reactive oxygen species, low oxygen species, and changes in enzyme levels) can achieve targeted drug release at the site of inflammation.

Fig.5 Targeted delivery of polyethylene glycol (PEG)-modified nanoparticle-attached siRNA in diabetic cardiovascular disease

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