Abstract: Objective To explore the characteristics of self-awareness in children with attention deficits hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methods Participants in the research group were 62 children with ADHD and 61 normal children in typically developed group.Two groups were compared with the Subjective Awareness of Neuropsychological Deficits questionnaire for children(SAND-C) and Conner parents symptom questionnaire(PSQ). Results SAND-C scores of children with ADHD was significantly higher than those of control group on movement and behavior control,memory and language factors (P all<0.05),the attention factor of ADHD groups was lower than that of control group.The movement and behavior control of self-awareness had significant negative correlations with learning problem,anxiety and index of hyperactivity scores of PSQ. Conclusion Children with ADHD which evaluate their abilities too highly indicate the self-awareness of neuropsychological deficits and effects on social function.

Key words: attention deficits hyperactivity disorder, neuropsychological deficits, self-awareness

摘要： 目的 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)儿童自我觉知的特点，为临床诊疗提供有效参考。方法 采用病例对照研究方法，在上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心儿少科心理门诊收集ADHD患儿作为研究组，随机选取与被试年龄、性别相匹配的健康发育儿童作为对照组，用Conners父母用症状问卷、儿童神经心理缺陷自评问卷(SAND-C)评估两组儿童的症状和自我觉知水平。结果 ADHD组在运动和行为控制、记忆和语言两个因子的得分和总分明显高于对照组，在注意因子上的得分低于对照组(P均<0.05);ADHD患儿神经心理缺陷自我觉知的运动和行为控制因子与Conners问卷的学习问题、焦虑、多动指数三个因子呈负相关(P均<0.05)。结论 ADHD组患儿不能意识到自身在疾病上的缺陷，过高地评估了自己的能力，神经心理缺陷自我觉知水平低下，会影响患儿的社会功能。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 神经心理缺陷, 自我知觉