Abstract: Objective To explore the secular trend and prevalence of malnutrition among Chinese Tibetan students aged 7 to 18 years old from 1991 to 2014,and to provide basis for prevention and control of malnutrition among Tibetan students and relevant policy making. Methods Based on the data from six Chinese National Surveys on Students Constitution and Health (CNSSCH) in1991,1995,2000,2005,2010,2014,malnutrition was identified by the height standard weight method in 1985,and the secular trend and epidemic status of the malnutrition prevalence among Tibetan students aged 7 to 18 were described by gender and age. Results From 1991 to 2014,the malnutrition prevalence among Tibetan students aged 7 to 18 showed a decreasing trend,the prevalence of malnutrition decreased from 50.53% to 26.67%,nearly 50% decline,while the proportion of moderate to severe malnutrition decreased from 20.07% to 12.09%.From 1991 to 2014,the trends of malnutrition prevalence of different gender or age groups were in parallel with the overall trend.Malnutrition prevalence of males and females dropped from 49.07% and 51.97% to 24.79% and 28.57% respectively.The malnutrition prevalence of 7~9,10~12,13~15 and 16~18 years old groups decreased from 39.76%,47.83%,59.09% and 55.41% to 20.66%,25.66%,33.55% and 27.50% respectively.Malnutrition prevalence of female students was 2.31~6.22 percentage points higher than that of male students.The malnutrition prevalence of low age group was lower than that of high age group,and the proportion of moderate to severe malnutrition had similar pattern. Conclusions The prevalence of malnutrition of Tibetan primary and middle school students in Tibet is generally declining,but still high.It is necessary to further strengthen the malnutrition prevention and control work,and pay more attention to the malnutrition control among secondary school students and girls.

Key words: primary and secondary school students, Tibet, Tibetan, malnutrition, trend

摘要： 目的 了解1991-2014年我国藏族7~18岁学生营养不良的长期变化趋势,为藏族学生营养不良防控和相关政策制定提供依据。方法 利用1991、1995、2000、2005、2010和2014共六次全国学生体质与健康调研资料,使用“1985年身高标准体重法”判断营养不良,分性别、年龄描述藏族7~18岁学生营养不良的长期变化规律。结果 1991-2014年间,藏族7~18岁中小学生营养不良率和中重度营养不良构成比均表现为下降趋势,营养不良率由50.53%下降到26.67%,下降接近了50%,中重度营养不良构成比从20.07%下降至12.09%。1991-2014年间,不同性别和年龄组营养不良率变化趋势与总体变化趋势基本平行。男、女生营养不良率分别从49.07%和51.97%下降至24.79%和28.57%,7~9、10~12、13~15、16~18岁营养不良率分别从39.76%、47.83%、59.09%和55.41%下降至20.66%、25.66%、33.55%和27.50%。历年女生营养不良率比男生高2.31~6.22个百分点,低年龄组营养不良率低于高年龄组,中重度营养不良构成比也有类似规律。结论 西藏藏族中小学生营养不良率总体上呈下降趋势但仍居高位,需进一步加强营养不良防控工作,并以中学生、女生为营养不良控制的重点人群。

关键词: 中小学生, 西藏, 藏族, 营养不良, 趋势