Abstract: Objective To compare the clinical efficacy of caffeine citrate and aminophylline in the treatment of primary apnea premature infants,and to evaluate the effect of caffeine and aminophylline on children's neurodevelopment. Methods A total of 50 cases with primary apnea using aminophylline treatment were randomly assigned to aminophylline group,and 34 cases using caffeine citrate treatment were assigned to caffeine group.Children in two groups both received regular follow-up in out-patient of high-risk infants.The clinical efficacy of the two groups was compared and BSID was used to assess the neurodevelopment at the corrected age of 6 months. Results The duration of NCPAP,invasive mechanical ventilation,oxygen and treatment in caffeine citrate treatment group was significantly lower than those of amiophylline treatment group (P<0.05),The scores of psychomotor developmental index (PDI) and mental developmental index (MDI) in citrate caffeine group at corrected age of 6 months were significantly higher than those in aminophylline treatment group (P<0.05). Conclusion The effect of caffeine citrate in treatment of primary apnea is better than that of aminophylline,and it has a certain effect on promoting long-term neurodevelopment.

Key words: caffeine citrate, aminophylline, apnea of prematurity, premature infant, neurodevelopment

摘要： 目的 比较枸橼酸咖啡因与氨茶碱治疗原发性呼吸暂停(AOP)早产儿的临床疗效及对患儿神经发育预后的影响。方法 随机选择50例原发性呼吸暂停的早产儿采用氨茶碱治疗,记为氨茶碱组,34例呼吸暂停的早产儿采用枸橼酸咖啡因治疗,为咖啡因组,两组患儿均在高危儿门诊参加规律随访。比较两组之间的临床疗效及采用贝利婴幼儿发展量表测试(BSID)评估两组患儿校正年龄6月时的神经发育情况。结果 枸橼酸咖啡因治疗组的经鼻持续气道正压通气(NCPAP)时间、有创机械通气时间、用氧时间、用药时间(h)均比氨茶碱治疗组短,差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05)。校正年龄6月时枸橼酸咖啡因组精神运动发育指数(PDI)和智力发育指数(MDI)得分明显高于氨茶碱治疗组,差异均有统计学意义(P均＜0.05)。结论 枸橼酸咖啡因治疗AOP患儿效果较氨茶碱好,同时对其远期神经发育具有一定的促进作用。

关键词: 枸橼酸咖啡因, 氨茶碱, 早产儿呼吸暂停, 早产儿, 神经发育