Abstract: Children's neurological diseases are often associated with an elevated risk of one or more behavioral problems (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,tic disorder,sleep disorder).Therefore,medical staff should not only pay attention to the differential diagnosis,but also focus more on comorbid disorders.In this process,the clinical thinking should be changed from biomedical model to bio-psycho-social model,in order to obtain healthy physical and mental development,and to reduce the burden of family and society.

Key words: neurological disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, tic disorder, sleep disorder, mood disorder

摘要： 儿童神经系统疾病常常会合并一种甚至多种发育行为方面的问题(注意缺陷多动障碍、抽动障碍、睡眠障碍等),因此,临床工作中不但要注意区别疾病的不同,还要关注共患病的问题。在此过程中,诊疗思维应该从生物医学模式向生物-心理-社会模式转变,正确处理神经系统疾病的同时,关注发育行为方面的问题,使患儿的身心全面健康发展,获得长期良好的预后,减轻家庭和社会的负担。

关键词: 神经系统疾病, 注意缺陷多动障碍, 抽动障碍, 睡眠障碍, 情绪障碍, 诊治