Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of the improvement of classroom lighting environment on vision of elementary school students,so as to improve the eyesight health and control poor eyesight among children and adolescents. Methods In March 2017,a total of 291 students from 12 classes of grade 4 of a primary school in Beijing were selected by cluster random sampling,and the standard logarithmic visual acuity chart (5 m) was used to detect the visual acuity of students.6 intervention and 6 control classes were selected.The lights of the intervention classrooms were transformed,and the lights of the control classrooms were unchanged.The effects of different lighting conditions on students′ vision were analyzed by t tests and χ² tests. Results After the transformation of classroom lighting,the illumination of the desks and blackboard had been improved(301.79 lx vs. 547 lx; 329.89 lx vs 603.18 lx),and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.001).The visual acuity of students decreased after 4 months,but students in the improved the lighting environment had less visual loss (-0.02±0.15 vs. -0.06±0.18,t=-2.122,P=0.035),and fewer students′ eyesight was getting worse(13.29% vs. 22.30%,χ²=4.023,P=0.045). Conclusion Changes in classroom lighting can affect fourth-graders′ vision and the improvement of the classroom light environment can delay the decline of students′ poor vision.

Key words: classroom, lighting, student, poor vision

摘要： 目的 分析提高教室灯光改造对小学生视力的影响,为儿童青少年视力不良干预提供科学依据。 方法 2017年3月采用整群随机抽样的方法抽取北京市某小学四年级12个班级的共291名学生,通过5 m标准对数视力表检测学生视力水平。选择干预和对照班级各6个,对干预教室进行灯光改造,对照教室灯光不变。通过t检验、χ²检验分析不同教室照明条件下的光环境对学生视力的影响。结果 进行教室灯光改造后教室的课桌面(301.79 lx vs. 547.00 lx)、黑板面的照度均有所提升(329.89 lx vs. 603.18 lx)),且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01)。所有学生视力在4个月后都有所下降,但是进行灯光改造教室的学生视力水平下降幅度较小(-0.02±0.15 vs. -0.06±0.18,t=-2.122,P=0.035),且视力下降的学生较少(13.29% vs. 22.30%,χ²＝4.023,P=0.045)。 结论 教室灯光改造能够影响四年级学生视力。提升教室照明条件,改善教室光环境有利于延缓学生视力水平的下降,控制学生视力不良的发生。

关键词: 教室, 照明, 学生, 视力不良