Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of sensory processing and self-regulation in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and their influence on hyperactivity. Methods From October 2022 to June 2023,ASD children in the Department of Child Healthcare of Xi'an People's Hospital were enrolled in this study. Meanwhile, healthy children matched by age were selected as controls. Then ASD children were divided into ASD group and ASD comorbid with hyperactivity according to the hyperactivity index of Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire. The Sensory Processing and Self Regulation Checklist (SPSRC) was completed by parents. Using Z-score of the SPSRC scale, six sections of sensory processing (auditory, visual, tactile, olfactory, vestibular balance, and proprioception) and three sections of self-regulation (physiological condition, emotional regulation, and adaptability) were divided into abnormal (Z<-1) and normal groups. The data were statistically analyzed using χ² test, one-way ANOVA, and binary Logistic regression. Results Totally 35 children were included in the ASD group, 33 children were included in the ASD comorbid with hyperactivity group, and 35 children were included in the healthy group. The proportion of abnormal sensory and self-regulation in all sections was highest in the ASD comorbid with hyperactivity group, followed by ASD group, and the differences among the three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). The results of binary Logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal proprioception and emotional regulation were risk factors for hyperactivity in ASD children (OR=5.31, 7.31, P<0.05). Conclusions ASD children have abnormal sensory processing and self-regulation, and the abnormalities are more significant in ASD children comorbid with hyperactivity. Moreover, abnormal proprioception and emotional regulation are risk factors for hyperactivity in ASD children.

Key words: autism spectrum disorder, hyperactivity, sensory processing, self-regulation

摘要： 目的 探讨感觉讯息处理与自我调节能力在孤独症谱系障碍儿童(ASD)中的特征及其对ASD儿童多动行为的影响。方法 选取2022年10月1日—2023年6月1日于西安市人民医院(西安市第四医院)儿童保健科就诊的ASD儿童及与其性别年龄相匹配的健康儿童为研究对象。根据Conners父母症状问卷中多动指数将ASD儿童分为ASD组及ASD合并多动组。由家长完成感觉讯息处理及自我调节功能量表(SPSRC)。以SPSRC量表Z分值,将感觉讯息处理的6个版块(听觉、视觉、触觉、味嗅觉、前庭平衡觉及本体觉)及自我调节能力的3个版块(生理状况、情绪调节及适应能力)分为异常(Z＜-1)和正常。采用χ²检验、单因素方差分析、二元Logistic回归进行统计学分析。结果 ASD组纳入35人,ASD合并多动组纳入33人,健康组纳入35人。感觉讯息及自我调节能力所有版块的异常比例在ASD合并多动组最高,其次为ASD组,三组间差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。二元Logistic回归分析显示本体感觉及情绪调节异常是ASD儿童多动行为的危险因素(OR=5.31、7.31,P<0.05)。结论 ASD儿童存在感觉讯息处理及自我调节能力异常,ASD儿童合并多动行为时其异常更为显著;本体感觉及情绪调节能力异常是ASD儿童多动行为的危险因素。

关键词: 孤独症谱系障碍, 多动, 感觉讯息处理, 自我调节