Abstract: 【Objective】 To examine impacts of parents'psychological factors during pregnancy on temperament of 1 month infants. 【Methods】 A follow-up study was conducted in urban Shanghai.Parents' pregnant pressure,general status of mental health,anxiety,and marriage satisfaction during pregnancy were measured by structural questionnaire in a prenatal care visit of the 28th week.And temperament questionnaire of 1-month infant was filled by parents in postnatal care visit. 【Results】 Among 9 dimensions of temperament,gender difference was only found for adjustability among those 1-month infants.Characteristics of the infants' temperament were significantly related to anxiety of fathers,mentatal status of mothers,and perceptions of marital satisfaction of both parents,even after controlling for some key covariants. 【Conclusions】 Psychological factors during pregnancy can have impacts on temperament of 1-month infants.Strengthening mental health care for pregnant women and their husband may optimize the temperament of infants.

Key words: pregnancy, mental health, cohort study, infant, temperament

摘要： 【目的】 追踪调查孕期父母的心理因素对出生后1个月婴儿气质的影响,促进婴儿身心健康成长。 【方法】 募集在上海某中心城区医院定期产前检查的孕28周孕妇,通过问卷、访谈等方式了解孕期父母的心理因素,追踪出生后1个月的婴儿气质特征,分析两者间的相关性。 【结果】 小婴儿的气质维度中仅适应性有性别差异;准爸爸在妻子孕期的状态焦虑和特质焦虑程度、准妈妈的心理健康状态、准父母的婚姻满意度在一定程度上影响了1个月龄小婴儿的气质特征。 【结论】 孕期父母的心理因素能够影响婴儿气质,应注意加强孕期准父母的心理健康保健,以促进儿童的身心健康成长。

关键词: 孕期, 心理因素, 纵向研究, 婴儿, 气质