Abstract: Objective To explore the influence of infant-mother attachment on the development of cognition and behavior in toddler age. Methods The subjects included 118 toddlers,whose infant-mother attachment were already assessed with Ainsworth's Strange Situation Strategy.The 118 toddlers were assessed for their cognition development with Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II,as well as their behavior problems with Achenbach's Child Behavior Checklist. Results In toddler age,the mean mental development index (MDI) was 102.9±12.6 for the securely attached infants,while it was 97.5±14.8 for the insecurely attached infants.This difference was statistically significant (t=3.322,P<0.05); 9.0% of the securely attached infants was detected to have behavior problems,while 22.5% of the insecurely attached infants was detected to have behavior problems.This difference was also statistically significant(χ²=4.127,P<0.05). Conclusion Secure infant-mother attachment is related to better cognitive development and less behavior problems in toddler age.

Key words: infant-mother attachment, securely attached, insecurely attached, toddler age, cognitive development, behavior problems

摘要： 目的 探讨母-婴依恋关系对幼儿认知和行为发展的影响作用。方法 对160例12~18个月婴儿采用“陌生情境法”进行母-婴依恋类型的测评,并在幼儿期进行随访:采用贝莉婴幼儿发育量表-第二版测评幼儿的认知发育水平;采用Achenbach儿童行为问卷(2~3岁)调查幼儿的行为问题。结果 完成随访的幼儿共计118例,其中:安全型依恋的婴儿在幼儿期的MDI(智力发育指数)水平为102.9±12.6;不安全型为97.5±14.8,差异有统计学意义(t=3.322,P<0.05)。不安全依恋类型中,回避型的MDI水平为99.7±16.5,与安全型比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);反抗型的MDI水平为95.1±13.9,明显低于安全型,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);但回避型和反抗型之间的MDI水平,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。此外,安全型依恋婴儿在幼儿期的行为问题检出率为9.0%,不安全型为22.5%,差异有统计学意义(χ²=4.127,P<0.05)。结论 安全的母婴依恋关系为儿童的认知和行为发展提供了一种更好的可能性;不安全的母婴依恋关系可能导致幼儿期的认知损害和更多的行为问题。

关键词: 母-婴依恋, 安全型, 不安全型, 幼儿期, 认知发展, 行为问题