Abstract: Objective To study the effect of continuous low-dose iron supplementation for preterm infants,and to provide evidence for recommendation way of iron supplementation. Methods A prospective longitudinal cohort method was used to collect 530 cases of high-risk premature infants from 2010 to 2016,234 cases of full-term infants were divided into three groups by different doses and iron treatment times.The intelligence development and physical development were evaluated by Gesell Developmental Schedules (GDS).The development of each group was observed to 12 months old. Results In 12 months old,there were significant differences on the development quotient (DQ) of gross motor (GM),persona-social behavior(PS),cognitive development (CG),communication (CM) and sleep regularity between group A and group B (P<0.05);And the above items between the observation group (group A) and normal control group (group C) showed no significant difference (P>0.05).And the differences on physical development among three groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Continuous low-dose iron supplementation has greater effect on the sleep and neuromotor speech cognitive development,but has little effect on physical development.

Key words: early continuous low-dose iron supplementation, gross motor development, speech cognitive development, sleep patterns, physical development, catch-up growth

摘要： 目的 对早产儿进行持续小剂量铁剂补充,为其健康发育推荐更佳补充铁剂的方式。方法 于2010-2016年前瞻性纵向队列方法收集530例早产高危儿,234例足月健康婴儿,共分为三组采用不同剂量与时间补充铁剂治疗,采用盖赛尔发展量表(GDS)评估智能发育,监测体格发育,观察各组发育情况到12月龄。结果 到12月龄时早产儿组间(A组和B组)比较,GDS量表中粗大运动发育(GMD),个人-社会能区(PS)、解决问题能区(CG)、言语能区(CM)的发育商值(DQ)以及睡眠规律性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而观察组(A组)与正常对照组(C组)在以上方面比较均无明显差异(P>0.05)。体格发育评估到12月龄时两组早产儿组间(A组和B组)出现差异(P<0.05),而且A组与C组差异亦有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。结论 持续小剂量补充铁剂对生长发育高峰期的早产儿在神经运动言语认知发育、睡眠方面影响更大。而对体格发育有一定影响但没有达到追赶生长。

关键词: 早期持续小剂量补充铁剂, 粗大运动, 言语认知发育, 睡眠规律, 体格发育, 追赶生长