Table of Content

10 May 2018, Volume 26 Issue 5

Previous Issue    Next Issue

Screening and analysis of beta-thalassemia in premature infants

YANG Jin-ling, CHEN Da-yu, TAN Jian-qiang, HUANG Li-hua, YAN Ti-zhen,
WEI Jiang-yan, CAI Ren, LAN Hai-you

2018, 26(5):  468-471.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-02

Asbtract ( )   PDF (535KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the type and content of hemoglobin in dried blood spots in premature infants with different gestational ages, so as to determine the cut-off value of HbA in screening β-thalassemia in premature infants, thereby providing evidence for screening β-thalassemia in premature infants. Methods The components and relative content (%) of hemoglobin in dried blood spots in 5 719 premature infants from Liuzhou Center of Neonatal Screening were detected from January 2015 to December 2016 using capillary hemoglobin analysis. The cut-off value of HbA in screening β-thalassemia in premature infants was determined by data analysis and gene detection in partial premature infants with β-thalassemia. Results Main components of hemoglobin in dried blood spots in premature infants included HbA, HbF and HbA2. There were 303 (5.3%) infants with early preterm birth, 653 (11.42%) infants with moderate preterm birth and 4 763 (82.23%) infants with late preterm birth, showing the cut-off value (P₅ value of HbA) of 4.7%, 5.57% and 6.7% respectively, with significant differences among each groups (P<0.001). The cut-off value in each group was used to screen β-thalassemia in premature infants, which was highly consistent with the Results of genetic diagnosis (Kappa value =0.678,P<0.001). The sensitivity and specificity of the cut-off value of HbA in screening β-thalassemia in premature infants was 81.25% (26/32) and 86.67% (26/30), respectively. The rates of missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis were 18.75% (6/32) and 13.33% (4/30), respectively. Positive predictive value was 86.67% (26/30), negative predictive value was 81.25% (26/32), and diagnostic accordance rate was 83.87% (52/62). Conclusion Capillary hemoglobin analysis detecting HbA in dried blood spots can be used to screen β-thalassemia in premature infants.

Longitudinal study of physical growth and neuromotor development in preterm infants

LU An-feng, HUANG Hai-yan, HUANG Guo-sheng, BI Xue-lan

2018, 26(5):  472-474.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-03

Asbtract ( )   PDF (423KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the influence of preterm on physical growth and neuromotor development in infants, in order to provide evidence for improving motor development. Methods A total of 408 preterm infants with detailed case data in Neonatology Department of Qinzhou Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital were enrolled in this follow-up study. The head circumferences and body weights at corrected age of 40 weeks, 6 and 12 months were collected. Also, the score of Neonatal Behavioral Neurological Assessment (NBNA) at corrected age of 40 weeks and the development quotient in Gesell Developmental Scale at gestation-adjusted age of 6 and 12 months were collected. Comparison on physical growth and neuromotor development between physical growth retardation group and normal growth group was made. Results The incidence of physical growth retardation at corrected age of 40 weeks was the highest (21.8%), and was significantly lower at the age of 12 months than that at the age of 6 months. The incidence of impaired gross motor development at corrected age of 12 months was significantly lower than that at corrected age of 6 months (7.6% vs 16.4%). The infants with physical growth retardation had significantly higher incidences of neuromotor developmental delay at the three time points (P＜0.05). Conclusions Most preterm infants had achieved catch-up growth in physique and good development in neuromotor at corrected age of 12 months. Physical growth retardation at corrected age of 12 months is a risk factor for abnormal gross motor development.

Comparative analysis of behavioral development at preschool period between the offsprings of intracytoplasmic sperm injection and natural conception

LI Jing, CHEN Yu, SHEN Wei-wen, LIU Hui-juan, YANG Pei-wen

2018, 26(5):  475-478.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-04

Asbtract ( )   PDF (542KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To study the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection(ICSI) technology on children′s behavioral development at the preschool period. Methods A 1∶1 case-control study was designed in this study. Children conceived by ICSI in reproduction center and born between January 2009 to December 2010 of the Maternal and Children Healthcare Hospital of Jiaxing were enrolled as ICSI group. Children born at the same time matched by age, gender were recruited as natural conception group (NC group).Family general conditions, born histories and behavioral development at preschool period were investigated retrospectively. Results Totally 16 males and 14 females were enrolled in both group. There were three twins in ICSI group and no twins in NC group(P>0.05). There were no significant differences on parents′ age, educational status, delivery way and birth weight between ICSI group and NC group. The gestational age of ICSI group was significantly lower than that of NC group (37.27±2.39 weeks vs 38.80±1.35 weeks,P<0.05).But there was no significant difference on gestational age after removing three twins.Also, there were no significant differences on the incidence of behavioral problems or hyperactive behavior between two groups at preschool age(P>0.05). Conclusions The behavioral problems in ICSI group are close to NC group until follow up to preschool age.

Study on the neonatal outcomes and the intelligence development of children with assisted conception

ZHAO Qian, Li Hong, FENG Cui-lian, ZHANG Qing-xue, CHEN Jing

2018, 26(5):  479-482.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-05

Asbtract ( )   PDF (525KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To compare the neonatal outcomes and the intelligence development at 8 years old in children born after assisted conception with a control group of children conceived naturally.Methods A prospective control study was performed. The experimental group were children born after assisted conception, the control group were children born after natural conception. The mothers were invited to participate at 28 weeks of gestation and were followed up to delivery.Related data were collected and registered by trained professionals.The children of two groups were followed up to 8 years old. A formal developmental assessment was conducted with the CDCC Scales of Children Development when they were under 3 years old and a formal intelligence assessment was done with the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Tests when they were over 3 years old. Results In the assisted conception group, the incidence rates of twins preterm birth, low birth weight and admission to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit(NICU) were significantly higher than those of the control group.But these differences seemed to disappear when only singletonswere compared between the two groups.And the differences were not significant on neonatal outcomes in infants conceived by different Methods of assisted conception (IVF-ET、ICSI、FET). No statistically significant differences were found in the intelligence development at 8 years old between the experimental group and the control group. Conclusions Neonatal outcomes after assisted conception is worse than natural conception, mainly due to the large proportion of multifetal births after assisted conception. Followed up to 8 years old, the level of intelligence development in children born after assisted conception is normal.And the growth and development of the offsprings by using different ways of assisted conception are similiar.

Development and evaluation of Preschooler′s Parents Feeding Behavior Scale

YUAN Jing, ZHANG Hao, XU Tong, YANG Xian-jun, YU Li-li, JIANG Xun, SHANG Lei

2018, 26(5):  483-487.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-06

Asbtract ( )   PDF (774KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To develop the Preschooler′s Parents Feeding Behavior Scale, so as to provide a standardized measure tool for clinical practice and related studies. Methods The theoretical framework and concept model of preschooler′s parents feeding behavior were determined through literature review, combined with qualitative interviews among target population and expert consultation. The first draft of Parents′ Feeding Behavior Scale contained 95 items was made. After two rounds of survey in the urban and rural kindergartens of Jinan and Xi′an, the formal scale with 35 items by using different item selection methods. The structure of the formal scale were evaluated by using factor analysis and correlation analysis, and the reliability, validity and discrimination of the scale were evaluated based on the survey data of 912 preschool children from 5 kindergartens of Jinan and Xi′an. Results Preschooler′s Parents Feeding Behavior Scale consisted of 35 items, including 7 dimensions like responsibility feeding, weight concerns, with content of diet, diet concept, diet behavior as the center of the restricted feeding, forced feeding, and monitoring feeding dimensions. The cumulative variance contribution rate was 58.6%.The Cronbach′s α coefficient of the scale was 0.91, split-half and re-test reliability coefficient was 0.89 and 0.80, respectively. Conclusions Preschooler′s Parents Feeding Behavior Scale has good reliability and validity, seven dimensions in this scale can comprehensively reflect parents′ feeding behavior characteristics

Association of maternal sleep in late pregnancy with insulin level and insulin resistance in offsprings at the age of 2 years old

ZHU Li-xia, WANG Guang-hai, JIANG Yan-rui, LIN Qing-min, DENG Yu-jiao, JIANG Fan

2018, 26(5):  488-491.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-07

Asbtract ( )   PDF (564KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To determine the association among maternal sleep in late pregnancy, insulin level, and insulin resistance in offspring at the age of 2 years old by establishing a birth cohort. Methods Totally 255 healthy late pregnancy women (pregnant for 36~38 weeks) and their infants were recruited in this prospective cohort study from Renji Hospital in Shanghai. Actigraph was used to measure sleep parameters in women during late pregnancy. Random venous blood was collected at 2 years of follow-up in children for measuring glucose and insulin levels. Insulin resistance was assessed using homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and HOMA-IR=[glucose (mmol/l)×insulin (uU/ml)]/22.5. Results The levels of glucose, insulin and HOMA-IR were (4.58 ±0.53) mmol / L, (4.65 ±3.61) μU / ml and (0.98 ±0.84) respectively in children at the age of 2 years old. After adjustment for maternal age in late pregnancy, educational level, family income and children′ gender, the longer wake time after sleep onset of late pregnancy women at night, the higher insulin level(β=0.236,P=0.016) and higher insulin resistance (β=0.241,P=0.015) were observed in offspring at the age of 2 years old. Conclusions The wake time after sleep onset of late pregnancy women is significantly associated with insulin and insulin resistance level in offspring at the age of 2 years old, which suggests that health care providers should pay more attention and improve sleep quality of women in the third trimester of pregnancy, thereby improving the metabolic outcome of the offspring.

Correlation between eye tack index and main behavioral indicators in children with autism

SUN Bin-bin, HE Hui-jing, WEI Zhen, ZHANG Shi, LIN Yan, WAN Guo-bin

2018, 26(5):  492-495.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-08

Asbtract ( )   PDF (808KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the correlation between eye tack index and behavioral indicators in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and with different degrees of attention to dynamic geometry (DGI) and social graph (DSI), in order to provide evidence for clinical research and intervention. Methods Totally 73 ASD cases were selected in Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shenzhen City from September 2017 to November 2017. According to the time percentage of paradigm interest interval, participants were divided into three groups, including 23 cases in high attention DGI group,16 cases in high attention DSI group, and 34 cases in the group with close percentage of attention time. Portable eye tracker, the Second Edition of Adaptive Behavior Rating Scale (ABAS-Ⅱ) (for children), Autism Rating Scale (CARS) and Autism Observation Scale (ADOS) were used for test. The Results of eye tack indexes and behavioral indexes among three groups were compared and conducted for correlation analysis. Results The differences on social eye fixation time (FT), the percentage of social fixation time (TFD%), geometric FT and geometric TFD% among three groups were significant(all P<0.05). While the differences on geometry FC and social FC among three groups were not significant(all P＞0.05). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that in high attention DSI group, FT was positively associated with social networking and social movement, and was negatively related to leisure and home life, whereas eye movement social TFD%, geometric TFD%, geometric FT had no correlation with behavioral indicators. In the group with close percentage of attention time, social FT was negatively correlated with practical skills. And social TFD% was negatively associated with CARS, communication and self-care, whereas positively correlated with practical skills. Also, the geometric TFD% was positively correlated with preschool function. In high attention DGI group, the geometric TFD% was negatively correlated with the communication, geometric FT was negatively correlated with communication, but the correlation of social FT and social TFD% with behavioral indicators was not observed. Conclusion The eye tack indexs of ASD children with different attention degree to geometric figure and social figure are closely related to their major behavioral indicators.

Prevalence of abdominal obesity among children and adolescents aged 7~17 in urban region of Jinan

CHEN Hua, YANG Li-li, LIANG Ya-jun, XI Bo

2018, 26(5):  496-499.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-09

Asbtract ( )   PDF (652KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To comprehensively describe the prevalence of abdominal obesity among children and adolescents in the urban area of Jinan, using different definitions of waist circumference (WC) and waist to height ratio (WHtR), in order to provide a scientific evidence for obesity prevention in children and adolescents.Methods Data were from the Twelfth Five-year National Science and Technology Support Program "Early Warning, Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiovascular Disease in Children" conducted in Jinan from September, 2012 to September, 2014. Abdominal obesity was evaluated using different WC and WHtR standards. Chi-Squared test was used to compare the sex-difference on prevalence of abdominal obesity within different ages and the kappa value was calculated to compare the agreements of different definitions using WC and WHtR. Results The prevalence of abdominal obesity was 28.1% (WC-Chinese standard), 22.2% (WC-Beijing standard), 17.7% (WHtR-International standard) and 27.3% (WHtR-Chinese standard) respectively. In children aged 7~11 years, there was an upward trend in the prevalence of abdominal obesity with age. In adolescents aged 12~17 years, there was a downward trend with age. Regardless of the used standards, the prevalence of abdominal obesity in adolescent boys was significantly higher than that in adolescent girls. Conclusions In urban area of Jinan, abdominal obesity in children and adolescents is prevalent, and more attentions should be paid by related government and education departments.

Investigation and analysis of lower limb development and gait in children aged 1~5 in Nanjing

SONG Jun, RUI Hong-xin, CHEN Yi-qing, XIE Ya-chun, TONG Mei-ling, CHI Xia, ZHANG Min

2018, 26(5):  500-503.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-10

Asbtract ( )   PDF (738KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the relationship between skeletal development and gait problems of lower limbs in children aged 1~5 years,in order to provide pediatric clinicians with evidence for early diagnosis and intervention.Methods A total of 741 children were randomly selected from January 2012 to December 2016 in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Care Outpatient. Gait, Q angle, lower extremity ankle distance,lower extremity rotation and lower limb angle were measured. Results 1)There were statistically significant differences in Q angle and ankle distance among children of different age groups(F=51.28、11.27,P＜0.05). 2)Q angle continued to increase with age, reaching a peak at four years old, and then the Q angle decreased.There was no gender difference in Q angle trend between 1~5 years.3)In children with physiological knee valgus, flat feet, foot overpronation,foot pronation of these lower limb development problems,Q angle and ankle distance values were generally larger(P＜0.05).Conclusions It is a dynamic change process in the change of 1 to 5-year-old children quadriceps muscle angle,lower extremity ankle distance,and it shows the first increase with age and then reduces the law ; Q angle and ankle distance values are too larger in children with physiological knee valgus,flat feet,foot overpronation,foot pronation of these lower limb gait problems.

Research progress on bone metabolism in fetuses and infants

YU Ling, PIAO Mei-hua, YU Chang-li

2018, 26(5):  504-506.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-11

Asbtract ( )   PDF (433KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

This paper introduces present situation of metabolic bone disease(MBD) in preterm infants, and discusses the characteristics of mineral metabolism before and after birth. The causes of MBD in premature infants include intrauterine and ectopic environmental factors.

Progress on the influencing factors and early intervention of feeding difficulties in low birth weight infants

GONG Jian-mei, ZHANG Jin-song

2018, 26(5):  507-509.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-12

Asbtract ( )   PDF (481KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

With the increasing survival rate of low birth weight infants, feeding problem has been the focus of attention. The high incidence of feeding difficulties in low birth weight infants has been a wide spread consensus. The influencing factors can be attributed to many factors, such as the children themselves, the caregivers, the environment and so on. It is the result of the interaction of biology, psychology and society. Early intervention for low birth weight infants is very important, and multidisciplinary teams are required to work together.

Research progress on the relationship between air pollution and mechanism of asthma in children

YUE Chun-lan, TIAN Zhi-liang

2018, 26(5):  510-512.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-13

Asbtract ( )   PDF (532KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

At present,the smog is serious and the air is of poor quality in many parts of China.The causes of air pollution are complicated.The sources of atmospheric particulates are more complex and variable. A wide variety of air pollutants are common, such as traffic related air pollutants, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, cigarette smoke, dust particles and fine particles PM 2.5. And these pollutants are all closely related to childhood asthma. However, the toxic components and toxic mechanisms of them have not been confirmed.In addition, the health effects and toxicological mechanisms have become one of the hot issues in the scientific frontier.In this paper, the mechanism of air pollution on causing or aggravating asthma in children in recent years was analyzed comprehensively.

Effects of drugs on quality of life in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

ZHAO Jing-jing, XU Tong, ZHOU Yi

2018, 26(5):  513-517.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-14

Asbtract ( )   PDF (576KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Quality of life (QOL) refers to the influence of individual health status on its physiological function, psychological function and social function. In clinical work and research, QOL can be used as a way of assessing behavior, function, and treatment to promote more comprehensive understanding of the disease. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder. Studies have shown that QOL of ADHD children significantly reduced, and improving the QOL of ADHD children has important therapeutic significance. This review describes the clinical features of QOL in children with ADHD, focusing on the role of drugs in ADHD children′ QOL, and giving future direction of QOL improvement in ADHD children.

Research progress on the association of phthalates with children attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

HU Dan, HE Hui-min, SUN Jin, XIAO Xu-wu

2018, 26(5):  518-520.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-15

Asbtract ( )   PDF (463KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

With the increasing deterioration of environment problems, the impact of environmental toxicants on the development of children′s neuropsychological behavior has become a hot social issue. Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most common mental and behavioral disorders in childhood, and environmental toxicants may contribute to child ADHD symptoms and disease. Increasing toxicological and epidemiological evidence suggests that there may be associations between phthalates (PAEs) and children′s ADHD symptoms and disease. The potential mechanisms may involve dopamine neuronal, thyroid system, oxidative stress and testosterone modification abnormalities. It is essential to understand the correlation and potential mechanisms between PAEs and ADHD in children for further etiology and pathogenesis study.

Hotspots analysis of integrated early childhood development in China based on cluster analysis method

XING Ya-na, WANG Yi-bo, ZHANG Wei, HOU Xiao-ni, DUAN Hong-mei

2018, 26(5):  521-524.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-16

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1223KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the hotspots of the integrated early childhood development (IECD) in China. Methods The articles published in the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database on IECD before April 2017 were searched. Microsoft Excel and the computer program were used to construct keywords frequency lists and correlation matrix. SPSS 18.0 software was used for hierarchical clustering. Results A total of 546 articles were included, 59 high frequency keywords were extracted, and 8 hotspots in this field were summarized by cluster analysis. Conclusion To some extent, 8 hotspots in this field reflect the trends of this field and could provide some reference for clinical practice.

Roles of qualitative magnetic resonance imaging and general movements assessments for predicting motor development in very preterm infants

PANG Zong-lin, WEI Lin-lin

2018, 26(5):  525-528.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-17

Asbtract ( )   PDF (565KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To compare the predictive value of qualitative MRI of brain structure and general movements assessments for motor development outcome in very preterm infants. Methods Totally 68 very preterm infants from Neonatal Department and Rehabilitation Department of Women＆Children′s Health Care Hospital of Linyi were enrolled in this study. And MRI was conducted at children′s term-equivalent age in order to evaluate white matter abnormality (WMA).Also, general movements were assessed at corrected age of 1 and 3 months. Motor outcome at corrected age of one year old was evaluated by the Gesell Developmental Schedules and the diagnosis of cerebral palsy made by pediatricians. The associations of MRI and GMs assessments with motor developmental outcome were analyzed, and the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value of MRI and GMs assessment for abnormal motor developmental outcome were calculated. Results MRI and GMs assessments were significantly correlated to motor development outcome. MRI demonstrated the great accuracy in predicting motor outcome with specificity of 98.1% and relatively low sensitivity of 43.8%. On the other hand, GMs assessment had the highest sensitivity and relatively low specificity. Conclusions Neuroimaging (MRI) and functional (GMs) assessments play important complementary roles in predicting motor development of very preterm infants.

A new case of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome caused by WASP new gene-mutation and related literature review

HU Gen-biao, WANG Hong-li, WEN Ge-sheng

2018, 26(5):  529-532.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-18

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1429KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the clinical features and gene mutation of Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS). Methods The clinical data of an infant with WAS were analyzed and the DNA samples of all exons of his WASP gene were submitted to direct sequencing after polymerase chain reaction amplification. Results This patient was admitted to hospital,because of bloody stool,thrombocytopenia and platelet volume decreases, and the clinical score was 1; The exon 2 in EVHl zone of the WASP existed missense mutation gene:c.209G>A, p.G70E. The 70th amino acid of the encoding a protein by WASP gene was converted from mutation of glycine to glutamic acid (p.Gly70Glu).Themother was mutation gene carriers (heterozygous), but the WASP gene of his father was normal. The c.209G>A missense mutation gene was not reported until this case. Conclusions According to the boy parents’clinical characteristics with WAS, his genetic phenotypes is classified as X-linked thmmboeytopenia(XLT). Additionally decreased, his WASP gene is a novel mutations type. Therefore, a patients with hemorrhage of unknown reason, combined with thrombocytopenia and platelet volume should be timely diagnosed by WASP gene sequence analysis, and the detection to his relatives’ WASP gene sequence analysis is also very necessary.

Comparative study on the effect of bilateral and unilateral repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on motor function of children with spastic hemiplegia cerebral palsy

ZHANG Yang-ping, ZHANG Li-hua, LI Xue-mei, TANG Jing-hua

2018, 26(5):  533-536.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-19

Asbtract ( )   PDF (557KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To observe the effect of high-frequency combined with low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-rTMS and LF-rTMS) on the motor function of children with spastic cerebral palsy. Methods A total of 30 patients with spastic hemiplegic cerebral palsy were divided into two groups using a random number table method. Both groups received routine rehabilitation training and HF-rTMS on the affected hemisphere. In addition, the control group received pseudo-stimulation on the unaffected hemisphere and the observation group received LF-rTMS. Gross Motor Function Measure(GMFM)-88 and fine motor function measure (FMFM) were used to evaluate motor function before and after the session. Results Scores of GMFM-88 and FMFM in two groups were higher after the intervention with significant difference(P<0.05), especially in the observation group. Conclusion Conventional rehabilitation therapy combined with bilateral rTMS model can better improve the upper limb motor function and gross motor function of children with spastic hemiplegia cerebral palsy than the unilateral stimulation model.

Correlation study between food intolerance and tourette syndrome in children

LU Jing-mei, XU Zhi-liang

2018, 26(5):  537-539.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-20

Asbtract ( )   PDF (626KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To describe the status of food hypersensitivity in children with tourette syndrome(TS) by food intolerance test, and to analyze the relationship between food intolerance and TS. Methods Retrospective analysis was used to enroll 61 TS patients from January 2016 to October 2017, including 39 boys and 22 girls. And 50 healthy children over four years old were enrolled in control group, including 28 boys and 22 girls. The enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) method was applied to detect the serum specific antibodies IgG levels of 14 kinds of food allergens in the two group of children, and the differences were compared. Results The food intolerance rate was 98.4%(60/61) in TS children, while 78.0%(39/50) in healthy children. And the difference on food intolerance rate between the two groups was significant(P＜0.01). The rates of multiple kinds of food intolerance in TS children were significantly higher than those in healthy children (one type of food intolerance:23.0% vs. 34.0%;two types of food intolerance:24.6% vs. 38.0%;three types of food intolerance:34.4% vs. 6.0%;four types of food intolerance:16.4% vs. 0%,all P＜0.01). Eggs and milk were the main types of food intolerances in two groups, but the intolerance in TS children was more serious than that in the healthy children (IgG+++:36.7% vs.19.7%, P＜0.001). Conclusion Food intolerance test is a useful method for TS children to find food allergens, thereby providing guidance for children′s diet in order to promote children′s healthy development.

Clinical features and literature review of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome with main manifestation of growth retardation

ZHANG Jin, SHANG Cong, LI Shuo, ZHANG Li-qin

2018, 26(5):  540-543.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-21

Asbtract ( )   PDF (1266KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To make literature review and case analysis on the current status and progress of Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome(WHS), in order to provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods A case of a child diagnosed with WHS in Children Healthcare outpatientand with main manifestation of growth retardation was used. The WHS was discussed in terms of genetic patterns, clinical phenotype and genotype, diagnostic techniques and so on. Results The occurrence of WHS was associated with multiple genes. The loss of a single gene can not accurately explain the cause of the disease. Its clinical phenotype was complex, physical and mental retardation was one of the common clinical manifestations. Chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) technique was the first choice for the diagnosis of this disease. Conclusion Clinicians need to find out the clinical features of disease through detailed disease history and physical examination, and to use cytogenetic detection technology appropriately to study the pathogenesis and genetic characteristics of WHS in order to provide basis for clinical treatment and prognosis.

Analysis of pathogens and factors influencing prognosis of 280 hospitalized children with community acquired pneumonia

DUAN Hong-nian, MA Jiang-tao, XU Huan, LIU Jia-qi, LIU Jia

2018, 26(5):  544-546.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-22

Asbtract ( )   PDF (664KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the pathogens of community acquired pneumonia (CAP) of hospitalized children and the factors influencing prognosis. Methods A total of 280 CAP children hospitalized in Baoding Children′s Hospital from February 2014 to September 2016 were enrolled as the research subjects, and were divided into good prognosis group and poor prognosis group according to the treatment results. The blood and respiratory secretions were cultured to identify pathogenic microorganisms. And Logistics regression analysis was used to determine the influencing factors of CAP prognosis. Results Mycoplasma pneumoniae was the main pathogen of CAP in hospitalized children. Respiratory syncytial virus infection (over 50%) was main type of CAP virus. Streptococcus pneumoniae infection was the main type of CAP bacteria. Children under 3 years old(OR=0.298,95%CI:0.128~0.692), the occurrence heart failure(OR=0.690,95%CI:0.555~0.858)were the unfavorable factors of good prognosis in hospitalized CAP children. Invasive mechanical ventilation treatment(OR=2.257,95%CI:1.709~2.981) and antibacterial drug combination(OR=1.587,95%CI:1.135~2.219)were favorable factors for initial prognosis of children with good hospital CAP. Conclusion The order from high to low of pathogens in hospitalized children with CAP is mycoplasma, viruses and bacteria. Factors beneficial to prognosis include invasive mechanical ventilation and initial antimicrobial drug combination.

Analysis on accidental injuries among preschool children of Chengguan district in Lhasa

LIU Ting-ting, YANG Li-jun, JIANG Hao, CIREN Zhuo-ma, RENQING Pu-chi, LIU Bo-ying

2018, 26(5):  547-550.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-23

Asbtract ( )   PDF (802KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To find out the status and influencing factors of unintentional injury in preschool children of Chengguan district in Lhasa city, and to provide basis for health education of childern′s unintentional injury.Methods A total of 611 preschool children from one public and two private kindergartens in Chengguan district of Lhasa were investigated with a self-designed questionnaire on children′s unintentional injury. Results The unintentional injury rate of preschool children was 36.33%. The top three types of unintentional injury were falls, sprains, and dislocations(45.97%), animal bites(18.55%) and burns(10.89%). The top three of occurrence places were home(36.70%), activity sites outside schools(19.59%) and road(14.10%). The Chi-square test showed that the prevalence of unintentional injury among preschoolers of different nationality, genders, mothers′ literacy level and living floors were statistically significant(P<0.05). Multivariate non-conditional Logistic regression analysis showed that children′s nationality, gender and residential floor were the factors affecting children′s unintentional injuries. Conclusions The prevalence rate of unintentional injury in preschool children of Chengguan district in Lhasa City is high. The unintentional injury of Han nationality is higher than that of other Tibetan ethnic groups. Also, the intentional injury in children who are boys, and dwelled in the place higher than the third floor is more prevalent. Therefore, relevant departments should pay attention to the intentional injury status of preschool children in Lhasa, and actively take preventive measures.

Analysis of risk factors for allergic rhinitis in 4 to 14-year-old children in Wuhan

ZENG Xiang-ying, QIN Chen-guang, NIE Guo-ming

2018, 26(5):  551-554.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-24

Asbtract ( )   PDF (691KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the related factors of allergic rhinitis in 4 to 14-year-old children in Wuhan retrospectively,in order to provide guidance for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children. Methods A total of 236 children with allergic rhinitis diagnosed by vitro semi quantitative immunoassay for sensitive screening allergen and receiving treatment in the school hospital of Hubei University and Wuhan General Hospital of the PLA were enrolled in the case group from January 2016 to December 2017. And 60 healthy children in the same period were selected as control group. Single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis were used to determine risk factors for allergic rhinitis. Results The top five anaphylaxis in children′s allergic rhinitis were as the following order: dermatophagoides (135, 57.2%), house dust mites (92, 38.9%), mold mixture (65,27.5%), dog/cat fur chips (59,25%) and milk (45,19%). Multifactor Logistic analysis showed that family history(OR=2.87, 95%CI: 1.47～3.02), allergy history(OR=2.67, 95%CI:1.72～8.37 ), cesarean section(OR=3.51, 95%CI:1.39～6.70), asthma(OR=2.93, 95%CI:1.52～4.08 ), pet raising(OR=1.67, 95%CI:1.39～4.70 ), disease course for 24 months(OR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.03～1.15), eating seafood(OR=1.78, 95%CI:1.06～4.81 )and second-hand smoke(OR=2.23,95%CI:1.64～3.03 )increased the risk of AR in children,while breastfeeding history was a protective factor for AR (OR=0.68,95%CI:0.53～0.89). Conclusions It is of clinical significance to avoid the allergens for the prevention and treatment of allergic rhinitis in children.

Bacterial and viral infectious diarrhea of kindergarten children in Pudong New Area, Shanghai

LIU Han-zhao, CUI Chang, ZHU Wei-ping, FU Hui-qin, ZHAO Bin, LV Jun

2018, 26(5):  555-558.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-25

Asbtract ( )   PDF (603KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the epidemjological characteristics of bacterial and viral infectious diarrhea of kindergarten children in Pudong New Area. Methods Relying on 6 hospitals, the stool samples and epidemiological data of diarrhea cases in kindergarten children were collected according to the sampling distance of 1∶5~1∶20, and the stool samples were used to test for bacteria and viruses, at the meantime the epidemiological data was for epidemiology analysis. Results Among 381 stool samples detected, 232 (60.89%)were bacterial and viral pathogen positive, the positive rate in private kindergartens was higher than that in public kindergartens(χ²=6.53,P＜0.05).The bacterium positive rate was 10.24%, and the main pathogen was pathogenic Escherichia coli; The virus positive rate was 33.33%, and the main pathogens were norovirus and rotavirus. The cross infection positive rate was 17.59%, mainly were combined with 2 viruses. In summer, the bacterium positive rate was higher than virus, but the virus positive rate was higher in winter and spring(χ²=34.00,P＜0.05). More cases had vomiting in virus positive group (42.06%) than in bacterium positive group (17.95%). Conclusions The bacterial and viral pathogen spectrum of infectious diarrhea is related to season obviously in Pudong New Area kindergarten children, and children in private kindergarten are risk groups. It is necessary to carry out prevention and control measures for different seasons and groups.

Analysis of young children′s vaginal foreign bodies and related study on their mental health

LIU Na, GONG Wei, HE Xin, ZHOU Qi

2018, 26(5):  559-561.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-26

Asbtract ( )   PDF (986KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To discuss an ideal diagnostic method of young children′s vaginal foreign bodies, and to appeal for the high attention from society and family on preschool children′s mental health. Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted on four young children admitted in the Pediatric Surgery Department of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi′an Jiaotong University from January 2015 to December 2016. Four children′s vaginal foreign bodies were diagnosed by ultrasound and demonstrated after operation. Their clinical manifestation and ultrasonographic features were analyzed. A qualitative research method for describing the phenomenon was employed. Through interviews, children and their parents' psychological behaviors were analyzed and then the related influencing factors of mental health were determined. Results The leading symptoms of vaginal foreign bodies were children′s vaginal bleeding and abnormal secretion. By abdominal and perineal ultrasonic examination, endovaginal abnormal hyperecho and purulent secretion were observed. The Results of psychological behavior analysis revealed those four children belonged to the slowly-warm-up temperament. Meanwhile, they were in the preschool period in which it is vital for executing early sex education. Nevertheless, their parents were generally in low education level. Both of the children′s parents and schools did not pay attention on the sex education to young children, which was the significant cause of the occurrence of vaginal foreign bodies. Conclusions Ultrasonic examination is an ideal means to diagnose young children′s vaginal foreign bodies. Family and school lack sex education to young children, leading to impact on their mental health, thereby causing behavioral problem like vaginal foreign bodies.

Analysis of the monitoring data on death of children under 5 years old in Shuangliu district of Chengdu from 2007 to 2016

ZHOU Min, ZHANG Qing-gen, WU Lin, SONG Zu-ling

2018, 26(5):  562-565.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-27

Asbtract ( )   PDF (780KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To know the mortality rate and variation trend of mortality on children under 5 years old. Methods The monitoring data on death of children under 5 years old in Shuangliu district from 2007 to 2016 were collected. The basic descriptive statisticalMethods and χ²test were used to analyze the data. Results The mortality rate of children under 5 years old in Shuangliu district showed a decreasing trend from 2007 to 2016 (the mortality rate was 10.15‰ in 2007, and 3.78‰ in 2016).The mortality rate in rural areas was higher than that in the towns, and the mortality rate of boys was higher than that of girls. Congenital heart disease (CHD) and hematosepsis were main causes of infants death, and the mortality rate increased from the year of 2007 to 2016. For 1 to 4-year-old children, traffic accident, drowning and pneumonia were main causes of death, but the mortality rate reduced from 2007 to 2016. Conclusions In the past 10 years, the mortality rate of children under 5 years old had decreased significantly, but the death of infants still leaved a greater burden and the incidence of birth defects based on CHD was increasing. So it is suggested to further strengthen maternal and child health care, to enhance prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis in order to reduce birth defects.

Distribution and antimicrobial resistance of isolated strains in children with infectious diarrhea

SHANG Yan, WAN Ma-cuo, ZHANG Yi-bin

2018, 26(5):  566-568.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-28

Asbtract ( )   PDF (664KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the species and antimicrobial resistance of isolated strains from stool of children with infectious diarrhea. Methods The Results of bacterial culture and antimicrobial susceptibility of children with infectious diarrhea were retrospectively analyzed in Xining No.1 People′s Hospital from January 2015 to December 2016. Bacteria identification was performed by Microscan WalkAway-40 system. Antimicrobial susceptibility was performed by Kirby-Bauer method. And Results were judged in accordance with the standard of Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (2006 version). Results A total of 112 pathogenic and conditional pathogenic bacteria were detected from 817 stool samples, with positive rate of 13.71%. The major isolated bacteria stains included Shigella(44 stains), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli(29 strains), Salmonella(17 strains), Enterococci(10 strains) and Proteus (6 strains). The major gram-negative bacteria were susceptive to imipenem, the third generation cephalosporins, and beta-lactamase inhibitors. Gram-positive bacteria were susceptive to linezolid and vancomycin. Conclusions The majority of pathogens causing the infectious diarrhea in children is still pathogenic gram-negative bacteria. So it is important to choose antibiotics based on the Results of antimicrobial susceptibility.

Analysis on influencing factors of asthma among preschool children in Haikou

LIN Zhi-xiong, LIN Yao

2018, 26(5):  569-571.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-29

Asbtract ( )   PDF (513KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To investigate the risk factors of childhood asthma in Haikou city. Methods Cluster sampling survey method was used to select 13 kindergartens and community health care institutions in Haikou city from January to December in 2016.Totally 7 256 children aged 3~6 were surveyed and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze risk factors. Results The positive rate of asthma index was 6.74% in preschool children of Haikou city. Factors affecting the incidence of asthma were complicated, of which the main risk factors were personal history of drug allergy(OR=8.437,95%CI=1.538~22.643),food allergy history (OR=5.463, 95%CI=1.578~21.727), allergy rhinitis(OR=7.847,95%CI=1.584~25.684)and family history of allergy(OR=7.443,95%CI=1.843~13.614). Conclusions Asthma is prevalent in children of Haikou city. The main risk factors included personal history of drug allergy, food allergy history, allergy rhinitis and family history of allergy. So it is necessary to give more attention and timely standard treatment on asthma children.

Clinical study on acid-base and electrolytes values of cerebrospinal fluid in neonatal purulent meningitis

ZHANG Yuan, YANG Hong, XU Qian, WANG Xuan

2018, 26(5):  572-574.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-30

Asbtract ( )   PDF (505KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To analyze the acid-base and electrolytes values of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) in neonatal purulent meningitis. Methods Totally forty-four neonates with purulent meningitis in department of neonatology from January 2013 to June 2017 were selected as observation group, and forty neonates without purulent meningitis in the same term were selected as control group. The acid-base and electrolytes values of CSF were analyzed. CSF of observation group were retested after treatment. Results 1)Before treatment, there was obvious difference between the two groups on the values of PCO₂、HCO^-₃、BE、Lac、Cl^- in CSF(P＜0.05), but there was no significant difference between the two groups on the values of K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺ in CSF(P＞0.05). 2)Compared with observation group before treatment, there was obvious difference on the values of pH、PCO₂、HCO^-₃、BE、Lac、Cl^- in the CSF of observation group after treatment(P＜0.05), but there was no difference on the values of K⁺、Na⁺、Ca²⁺ in the CSF(P＞0.05). 3)The values of pH、PCO₂and Lac in CSF in the observation group were correlated with those in arterial blood. Conclusion CSF in neonatal purulent meningitis has acid-base imbalance and Cl^-reduction, so acid-base and electrolytes values of CSF can help early diagnosis and the evaluation of treatment efficacy of purulent meningitis.

Efficacy of biomechanical orthopedic insoles for lower extremity function of spastic cerebral palsy children with foot valgus

GUO Shuang, LI Xiao-jie, ZHANG Shang, FAN Yan-ping, CHEN Mei-hui, LIANG Yu-qiong

2018, 26(5):  575-578.  DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2018-26-05-31

Asbtract ( )   PDF (687KB) ( )  

References | Related Articles | Metrics

Objective To explore the effect of biomechanical orthopedic insoles for lower extremity function of spastic cerebral palsy children with foot valgus.Methods Totally 30 children with spastic cerebral palsy children with foot valgus in the Third Affiliated Hospital of Jiamusi University were randomly divided into control group(n=15) and observation group (n=15) from March to September in 2017. The control group received routine rehabilitation, while the observation group received biomechanical orthopedic insoles additionally. The two groups were treated for 3 months. Before and after treatment, two groups were assessed by rest standing position of calcaneus(RCSP),gross motor function measure (GMFM-88),Berg Balance Scale(BBS)and footprint analysis. Results RCSP,D and E score of GMFM,BBS score,step length and walking speed of the two groups were better than before treatment (P<0.05), and the efficacy in observation group was better than that in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions Biomechanical orthopedic insoles could improve valgus deformity,gross motor function, gait and balance function of spastic cerebral palsy children with foot valgus.