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Mortality from congenital malformation in children under 5 years old in Beijing, 2001-2010 ZHU Xue-na, YAN Shu-juan, LI Dong-yang journal1    2011, 19 (6): 554-557.   Abstract （137）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 To identify the trend of mortality from congenital malformation in children under 5 years old in Beijing from 2001 to 2010. 【Methods】 Data were obtained from the Beijing children mortality surveillance network. A descriptive analysis was performed on birth defect-specific mortality in children under 5 years old(U5MR). 【Results】 1)The birth defect-specific U5MR decrease from 227.1/10 5 live births in 2001 to 97.1/10 5 live births in 2010; 2)Congenital heart disease, neural tube defects, Down's syndrome were significantly decreased in urban and neural tube defects, Down's syndrome was not significant decrease in rural; 3)The Proportion of mortality due to major congenital malformation decrease from 29.2% in 2001 to 23.1% in 2010; 4)Mortality from congenital malformation in children under 5 years old mainly in infant, especially in neonate. 【Conclusions】 Congenital malformation has been the leading causes of death in children under 5 years old. Strengthen prevention and reduce congenital malformation of death in rural have been the important work for us. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(18)

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Analyses of factors influencing the coverage of national immunization program vaccines in migrant children in Wenzhou LIN Xian-dan, CHEN Ling-ping, ZHENG Xiao-chun, LI Wan-cang, WANG Zhi-gang, DENG Ze-jing journal1    2011, 19 (1): 51-53.   Abstract （152）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 The investigation was carried out to better understand the factors influencing the coverage of national immunization program (NIP) vaccines in migrant children in Wenzhou, and to improve the immunization coverage of these vaccines. 【Method】 Population characteristics of 1 198 migrant children and their guardians, immunization situation of NIP vaccines, knowledge of the guardians on and their attitude towards preventive immunization, effectiveness of preventive immunization, were investigated in 15 towns from 3 counties in Wenzhou by using randomized sampling method. 【Results】 In the migrant children over one year old, who stayed in Wenzhou equal or more than 3 months, the coverage rates of BCG, OPV, DTP, MV, and HepB, were 86.8%, 84.9%, 81.5%, 82.1%, and 80.35%, respectively. Notably, the coverage rate of these five vaccines was only 66.4%. Multi-factors analysis revealed that the low coverage rate of five vaccines was mainly influenced by the staying time and birth place of migrant children, their family economy, having immunization card, cost of preventive immunization, their guardians' attitude towards to preventive immunization. 【Conclusion】 Vaccination rate was low in migrant children, many factors were influence it, and it should be taken targeted intervention to imporve immune status. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(18)

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Influencing factors of overweight and obesity among children in Guangzhou urban district LIN Rong, DU Lin, LIU Wei-jia, LIN Lin, WU Jia-gang, LIU Wei, ZHANG Wei-wei, JING Jin journal1    2011, 19 (5): 409-411.   Abstract （173）      PDF （446KB）（408）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore influencing factors of overweight and obesity among childhood in Guangzhou urban district and to provide useful reference for prevention. 【Method】 Across-sectional survey was carried out among 1844 children and their parents by self-administered questionnaire during 2009. 【Results】 The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 11.12% and 7.21%. The prevalence rate of overweight and obesity of boys was higher than girls(χ 2=9.849, P<0.05).The birth weights, father BMI and mother BMI of overweight and obesity children were higher than those of control group ( t=3.746, 4.610, 4.237, all P<0.001). And the time of having a meal was shorter ( t=5.519, P<0.001)than control group. Sex, obesity of parents, the time of having a meal, eating in half an hour before going to bed, whether agree with the opinions "Little physical activity causes obesity" and "Drinking milk everyday was a good habit" were influencing factors of overweight and obesity among children. 【Conclusions】 The results indicate that overweight and obesity among children are quiet common in our city. Overweight and obesity of children are caused by multiple factors, so comprehensive intervention measures should be carried out. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(17)

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Meta-analysis on mental health of left-behind children LIU Xia,ZHANG Yue-bing,SONG Ai-qin,LIANG Ya-jun,ZHAI Jing-hua,LI Yin-long,SHI Jing-qin. journal1    2013, 21 (1): 68-70.   Abstract （243）      PDF （447KB）（477）       Knowledge map    Objective To systematically evaluate and comparatively analyze the mental health status of the left-behind and the non-left behind children in countryside of China,and to provide scientific evidence for the improvement of the left-behind children's mental health level. Methods Such databases as CNKI,VIP,Wanfang Data and CBM (1979 to 2012)were searched.According to the standard of the inclusion criteria（published papers,MHT scale was used,the non-left-behind children as the control group,completed sample statistics）,12 articles were extracted from the included literatures and RevMan4.2 software was used for Meta-analyses.The test showed heterogeneity so that a random effect model was applied to study WMD and the 95% confidential interval. Results 8 dimensions of MHT(study-anxiety,social-anxiety,solitude trend,body symptom,phobia trend,actuation trend,al-lergy trend and self-accusation trend) were statistical significance except last 2 items and the scores of the left-behind children were higher than the non-left behind children（ P=0.000 1~0.03）. Conclusion Targeted measures should be taken for mental health education of the left-behind children of rural. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(15)

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Relationship between birth weight and overweight or obesity in childhood RONG Fen, WU Jun-qing, LI Yu-yan, LI Chun-ying, HUA Qin, LU Fei-jie, GAO Er-sheng journal1    2011, 19 (11): 989-991.   Abstract （105）      PDF （481KB）（357）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To provide scientific reference for children obesity prevention and control, the relationship between birth weight and overweight or obesity in childhood was explored. 【Methods】 A historical cohort study was carried out by using questionnaire and physical examination. Subjects were randomly selected from a birth cohort including 1435 couples of high and normal birth weight babies in Wuxi. The relationship between birth weight and overweight or obesity in childhood was analyzed by collecting the information associated with obesity. 【Results】 The incidences of overweight and obesity were 13.10% and 2.86% in high birth weight babies and those in normal birth weight babies were 9.69% and 1.61%. The incidence of overweight and obesity of high birth weight babies was much higher than that of normal birth weight babies( P <0.01). Compared with normal birth weight babies, the relative risks of overweight and obesity among high birth weight babies were 1.35 and 1.78 respectively. The attributable risks of those were 3.41% and 1.26% respectively. The trend χ 2 test indicated the incidences of overweight and obesity increased with increasing birth weight ( P<0.01), the RR and AR of overweight and obesity also increased. The results of multiple linear regression analysis indicated birth weight, gender, BMI of father and mother, preference for eat fried foods might be risk factors of BMI in childhood. 【Conclusion】 Children obesity could be affected by high birth weight and the obesity prevention should begin from prenatal period. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(13)

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Epidemiological investigation of early childhood caries and the correlative factors, analysis for 3 years old children in the Haidian district in Beijing MIAO Jiang-xia ,LI Wen-jun,ZHANG Yan-ling,ZHANG Ping,SUN Meng journal1    2011, 19 (11): 1040-1042.   Abstract （123）      PDF （459KB）（239）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To investigate the status of early childhood caries and caries-related factors for 3 years old children in the Haidian District of Beijing. 【Methods】 The investigation was involved in 588 children of 3 years old form 12 preschool in the Haidian District in Beijing. Their caries were examined and questionaire was provided by their parents. 【Results】 The prevalence of early childhood caries was 47.6%.The mean dft score was 2.20. The children with dft value greater than 3 occupy 26% of the entire examples whereas the number of their dft was 76% of the total caries. Logistic regression analysis showed that the feeding habits, the level of saliva mutans streptococci and the duration of feeding were significant. 【Conclusions】 3 years old children who have just entered kindergarten have a high rate of early childhood caries and low rate of treatment. A few children have a higher risk of early childhood caries and more attention should be need to them, check for them as soon as possible, meanwhile do a better job in prevention. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(12)

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Study on vitamin D nutritional status among 25 295 children in Guangzhou area in 2012 LIN Tao,CHEN Huan-hui,CHEN Yi,ZHU Bing,LIU Xiao-min,ZHAO Ming-qi,LIAN Guang-wan journal1    2013, 21 (8): 836-839.   Abstract （174）            Knowledge map    Objective To analyze vitamin D nutritional status among 25 295 children in Guangzhou area and investigate its correlation with age and season. Methods The serum samples of healthy children from Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center in 2012 were tested.Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)D] concentration was determined by ELISA kits.Serum Vitamin D status was classified into 3 groups according to its serum 25-(OH)D levels,severe deficiency(<12.5 nmol/L),deficiency(12.5~37.5 nmol/L) and insufficiency(37.5~50.0 nmol/L).Statistical analysis were done with SPSS 17.0 software. Results Totally,25 295 children samples were detected in 2012.The average serum 25-(OH)D concentration was 72.41 nmol/L.No significant correlation was found between the serum 25-(OH)D concentration and gender.Severe deficiency case was not found.The vitamin D concentration <50 nmol/L was 13.22%.The 25-(OH)D concentration decreased with age.The lowest concentration of vitamin D was found in Jan 2012.Then it increased gradually from Jan.to July,peaking in Aug.and Sep.and slow declined.Meanwhile,he vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency rate was peaking in Jan.and lowest in Sep..Conclusion The vitamin D concentration is lower in autumn and winter.The vitamin D nutritional status of children over 3 years old in Guangzhou is deficiency. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(11)

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Investigation on emotion and behavior problems among children aged 3 to 6 years old HUANG Guang-wen,WU Hong,LIU Zhi-yu,DU Qi-yun,HUANG-Qun,FANG Jun-qun journal1    2012, 20 (7): 595-597.   Abstract （173）      PDF （464KB）（526）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the emotional and behavioral problems among children aged 3 to 6 years old of Hunan province. 【Methods】 A self-designed questionnaire of children's condition and Children Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire(the edition for parents,SDQ)were used to investigate 1 280 children aged 3 to 6 years old in countryside. 【Results】 The prevalence of difficulty problems in children aged 3 to 6 years old was 11.6%.The abnormal prevalence of emotion or behavior was 33.9%.The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ with emotion symptom was 2.3%,conduct problems was 7.1%,attention deficit and hyperactivity was 11.5%,intercourse problems among associate was 3.9% and social behavior was 18.6%.The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ in male children with attention deficit and hyperactivity was 13.4%,intercourse problems among associate was 4.9% and social behavior was 20.9%,were higher than female was 8.8%,2.4% and 15.4%,and there were significantly different(χ 2=5.188~6.288, P<0.05).The abnormal factors prevalence of SDQ with the total scores of difficult,conduct problems,attention deficit and hyperactivity and social problems were different in children among different ages,were significantly different(χ 2=8.235~19.206, P<0.001~0.05).The influencing factors of the emotion and behavior problems with children including sex and conditions of living,left family working with father and the degree of education with mother. 【Conclusion】 The prevalence of emotion and behavior problems was high among children aged 3 to 6 years,we should pay more attention to interview the emotion and behavior problems with children. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(10)

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Study on the resilience of the left-behind children in minority nationality regions in Yunnan province DONG Ze-song,ZHANG Da-jun journal1    2013, 21 (9): 920-922.   Abstract （199）      PDF （432KB）（333）       Knowledge map    Objective To research the resilience of left-behind children in minority nationality regions in Yunnan Province and to discuss the related influence factors. 【Method】 The Resilience Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ,Children's Version) were used on 713 left-behind children.Results The scores of the left-behind children in positive thinking,family support and total scores of resilience were less than the non left-behind children( P<0.05).And through multiple regression analysis,there were 4 factors correlated with the resilience of the left-behind children including mother education level,egression of parents,the time about egression of parents,neuroticism. Conclusion These factors including mother education,egression of parents,the time about egression of parents and neuroticism make a difference to the resilience of left-behind children,and we should pay attention to these factors in advancing the resilience of left-behind children in minority nationality regions. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(10)

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Factor analysis on health literacy of junior middle school students in China GUO Shuai-jun,YU Xiao-ming,WANG Lu,SUN Yu-ying. journal1    2013, 21 (1): 37-39.   Abstract （175）      PDF （484KB）（395）       Knowledge map    Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of health literacy among junior middle school students in China. Methods 2 616 students from national 25 provinces,municipalities were surveyed by self-reported questionnaire by the method of two stage cluster-stratified sampling.Data were analyzed by SPSS 13.0. Results There were gender,model of school-based health education and geographical region differences among junior middle school students' health literacy ( P<0.05); health literacy overall average score of these adolescents was 76.11±8.65 and only 35.5% of them scored ≥80 (passing line).On the part in fundamental literacy,the passing rate was 26.6%,and 59.2% on the part in practical literacy. Conclusion The health literacy level of junior middle school students should be improved,and school-based health education is the best way to improve students' health literacy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(10)

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Epidemiological analysis of hand-foot-mouth disease in Wenzhou in 2009 CHEN Sheng, ZHOU Zu-mu, LIN Dan, SHAN Ruo-qing journal1    2011, 19 (2): 179-182.   Abstract （125）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 To analyze the current status of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) in Wenzhou City, so as to provide a scientific basis for the government to make the strategy of preventing and controlling HFMD. 【Methods】 The data of HFMD from the National Disease Surveillance Information Reporting System were conducted for statistical analysis and epidemiological description. 【Results】 A total of 20 443 cases of local HFMD were reported in Wenzhou in 2009 with an incidence of 236.87/10 5. The cases mainly occurred from September to November,which accounted for 51.62%. The ratio of male and female was 1.71∶1. Most of the HFMD patients were the children aged 0 to 5 years old, accounting for 95.84%. The cases who were 0 to 3 years old accounted for 83.07%. There were most cases in the group of scattered inhabiting children, which accounted for 76.38%. Fifty-five of 94 severe cases were laboratory confirmed, with the result of 37 cases tested EV71 positive. 【Conclusions】 The epidemiological characteristics should be considered in the surveillance and prevention of HFMD, especially the local epidemic peaks and the risk populations. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(10)

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Clinical study on early intervention to reduce cerebral palsy incidence in very low birth weight children LIU Wei-min,BAO Xiu-lan,MA Lei,WANG Dan-hua,LI Xiao-jie,REN Shi-guang,SUN Shu-ying,WU Wei-hong,WANG Hui-shan journal1    2015, 23 (4): 360-363.   DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-04-08 Abstract （199）      PDF （583KB）（257）       Knowledge map    Objective To investigate whether early intervention on premature very low birth weight infants can reduce the incidence of cerebral palsy. Methods The sample data in this study included 857 premature infants with gestational age less than 32 weeks and/or birth weight lower than 1 500 g from 28 hospitals.The children with congenital malformations and hereditary diseases were excluded.All children were divided into two groups: intervention group (452) in which their parents actively received early intervention guidance and control group (405) in which all children were born 9 to 15 months prior the study and were only given conventional parenting.A comprehensive early intervention program was performed to children in intervention group after discharge from hospitals,including the training of motor,cognitive,language,emotional and communication abilities.Among them,Motor training included massage,passive exercise and active exercise training.Children were then taken neuromotor examination once a month.Children with abnormal posture received intensive training by professional rehabilitation personnel; children in control group only received the same feeding,care and infant health guidance with children in the intervention group.Subjects were then taken neuromotor examination on the corrected age of 9 and 12 months respectively.All children were followed up to 2 years old. Results Children in two groups were without difference in gender,gestational age,birth weight and other general aspects ( P>0.05).Perinatal period comparison:There were 118 (26.33%) and 75 (18.43%) children were found with intracranial hemorrhage in the intervention and control group respectively.The occurrence of intracranial hemorrhage in the intervention group was significantly higher ( P<0.05).The comparisons of the incidence ratios of intrauterine distress,postnatal asphyxia,hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,hyperbilirubinemia,respiratory distress syndrome and neonatal infection were statistically insignificant (all P>0.05).The diagnoses of cerebral palsy were given only when children were older than 1 in both groups.The incidence of cerebral palsy was 22.1 ‰(10/452) in the intervention group,and 61.7 ‰(25/405) in control group,the incidence ratio in the control group was 2.79 times higher,and the difference was statistically significant ( P<0.01). Conclusion Early intervention can effectively reduce incidence of cerebral palsy in premature children and very low birth weight children after discharge. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(10)

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Survey on the ultrasonic bone mineral density of children under 15 years in the eight cities of China, 2008 GU Gui-xiong, CHEN Yan, HUA Jing, DAI Yao-hua journal1    2011, 19 (4): 313-317.   Abstract （124）      PDF （750KB）（188）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To examine the status and the growth pattern of the ultrasonic bone mineral density and to set up normal database of the children under 15 years in China for child health care, pediatrics clinical and scientific research. 【Methods】 With the cluster sampling in Zhuhai, Kunming, Chenzhou, Suzhou, Anqing, Yangzhou, Chengdu and Shenyang city, 29 276 healthy children, among them 15 411 boys and 13 865 girls, aged from 1 month to 15 years old, divided into 12 age groups, were investigated, filled in the questionnaire, measured the weight and height conventional, assayed the bone mineral density at the middle tibia ahead side in the left curs with the ultrasonic bone analyzer of "Hongyang 1000-C model" made in China. 【Results】 The data indicated that 1)the Ultrasonic BMD value was the lowest in the groups from 1 month to just 6 months, then gradually increased with the age increase, and reached the maximum from 12 to 15 years; 2)the bone mineral density was not significant difference between boys and girls( t=0.824,P>0.05); 3)the BMD value was increased gradually with weight increase and gained quickly when weight in the 16 kg, then gained slowly when weight out the 16 kg; 4)the BMD value was increased gradually with height increase and gained slowly when height in the 75 cm, but the increase quickly when the height from 75 cm to 120 cm, then the increase slightly slower; 5)the predictor formula of the BMD chief component in the every aged groups were as follow, 1)the BMD value=2 954.69×(months-4.91)×(weight+1.52)×height for infant age; 2)the BMD value=2 901.90×(age-20.86)×(weight+5.41)×height for toddle's age; 3)3 136.91×(age-21)×(weight+4.39)×height for preschool age; 4)3 480.06×(age-1.05)×(weight+0.61)×height for school age and adolescence. 【Conclusions】 The ultrasonic BMD value and the correlation coefficient with the age, weight and height of normal children under 15 years in different age groups in the data can be referenced clinically. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(10)

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Epidemiologic survey of obesity in 1 320 children of Shanghai ZHU Mei-hong, HUA Jing, GUO Yun-qin, ZHANG Xian, ZHANG Bin, WU Mei-qin, ZHANG Xiao-yan, SHI Wei, WU Zhuo-chun journal1    2011, 19 (4): 309-312.   Abstract （135）      PDF （560KB）（273）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To examine the epidemic of children's obesity in some areas of Shanghai and the relationship between demographic characteristics and children's obesity so as to provide the clues for preventing the obesity. 【Methods】 1 350 children from ten kindergartens were selected randomly from Hongkou district, Putuo and Pudong in Shanghai. A self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate the children's weight, height, and parenting characteristics, and so on. Children's height and weight came from the data of physical check in June, 2009. The relationships between demographic characteristics and children's obesity were analyzed with χ 2 test and multivariable logistic regression. 【Results】 The data showed that the rates of obesity and over-weight were 10.5% and 14.0% respectively. The place of registered residence, father's BMI, mother's BMI, children from only child family, and family structure were associated with obesity when other variables were not controlled. The father's BMI, mother's BMI, and family structure were associated with obesity when other variables were considered. 【Conclusions】 The rate of obesity and overweight in Shanghai is similar to that in developed countries. The main influence factor of child obesity in Shanghai is highly parents' BMI and nuclear family. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(9)

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Correlativity between autism symptoms and mental health of the autisms parents JI Yong-juan,HE Li-na,WU Yuan,FU Ping,KUANG Gui-fang,ZHOU Chang-hong journal1    2011, 19 (12): 1133-1136.   Abstract （125）      PDF （564KB）（346）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the correlativity between autism symptoms and mental health of the autisms' parents. 【Methods】 34 autism children and 32 normal children were tested with Gesell Development Schedules(Gesell),Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC) and Social adaptive capability-measuring list from infant to junior school student(S-M),and their parents were tested with Symptom Check-List 90.Data were analyzed by t-test and multiple regression analysis with SPSS. 【Results】 Contrasted with control group,the autisms children had much higher ABC score,lower developmental quotient(DQ) and S-M score;The autisms' parents got more scores on SCL-90.The Gesell score was negative correlative with depression scale of SCL-90,ABC scores were positively correlated with the total score of SCL-90 and subscales on somatization, raletionship,depression, anxiety and paranoid. 【Conclusions】 The lower DQ and higher abnormal behavior of autisms children have a great influence on the mental health of the autisms' parents.So much intervention should be done for them. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(9)

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Using Z scores to assess the growth and nutritional status of under five years old children in Hebei Province SHANG Yu, LI Jin-hua, YAN Cheng-sheng, LIU Jing, LI Xiao-ping, HUO Xiang-jie, ZHANG Li-ping, JIANG Yan journal1    2011, 19 (10): 933-935.   Abstract （126）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 To evaluate under five years old children′s physical growth and nutritional status by using Z score. 【Method】 Using stratified random sampling method 1 5930 children were measured height and weight and WHO Anthroplus 2007 was used to calculate Z score in 24 counties and 3 cities. 【Results】 The overall prevalence of stunting (HAZ<2), underweight (WAZ<2) and wasting (WHZ<2) were 11.41%(1 818/15 930), 7.06%(1 125/15 930) and 2.58%(411/15 930) respectively. They were higher in rural areas than urban. The prevalence of stunting in rural areas was 3.2 times than urban.The Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ were 0.96±1.08, 0.51±1.32 and 0.08±1.68 respectively. In urban they were 0.18±1.37, 0.19±1.12 and 0.52±1.11 respectively and in rural areas they were 1.23±1.40,0.63±1.21 and 0.12±1.24 respectively. It showed a tendency that Z scores of HAZ, WAZ and WHZ declined with increasing age. 【Conclusions】 Compare to WHO criteria, physical growth level of under five years old children in Hebei province is lower and have significant difference between urban and rural areas. In rural areas, the total nutrition of children is not enough. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(9)

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Percentile curves for gestational age specific birthweight of newborns YUAN Yue, PANG Ru-yan, PAN Ying, WU Ming-hui, WANG Jun-hua, HE Ya-ping, WANG Yan journal1    2011, 19 (6): 509-511.   Abstract （134）      PDF （436KB）（274）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To establish population-based smoothed centiles for gestational age specific birthweight of newborns. 【Methods】 All newborns should be taken standard measurement of birthweight during 1 November 2009 to 21 January 2011 in Shunyi District Hospital of Beijing and Shunyi Maternal and Child Health Hospital. The newborns whose mother up to the standards of normal mother were selected to establish database. λ-median-coefficent of variation method was used to smooth the percentile curves. Compare smoothed centiles with neonatal physique growth investigation results of 15 cities of China in 1986-1987. 【Results】 5 068 live births were selected for final analysis. Percentiles at P3, P10, P25, P50, P75, P90, P97 of birthweight were calculated and described and the curves for each gestational-age were successfully smoothed. In general gender differences of birthweight were statistically significant; According to the analysis by gestational age, gender differences in the 38~42 gestational weeks were statistically significant. The incidences of small for gestational age infants and large for gestational age infants are 9.39% and 9.21%. Compared smoothed percentiles with the investigation results of 15 cities, differences of birthweight in 35~43 gestational weeks were statistically significant. 【Conclusions】 Recent percentiles for gestational age specific birthweight of newborns are presented and a current reference is proposed for the local clinicians and researchers to evaluate fetal growth. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(9)

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Effects of treatment on female idiopathic central precious puberty with gonodotrophine-releasing hormone analogue and growth hormone SUN Xiao-mei,WU Jin,YANG Fan,LI Pin,WANG Xiu-min journal1    2012, 20 (8): 731-734.   Abstract （196）      PDF （574KB）（274）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To assess the impact of treatment with Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogs in combination with growth hormone(GH) in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP). 【Methods】 60 girls with ICPP whose growth velocity (GV) was so slowly that it impaired predicted adult height (PAH) were treated with recombinant human GH and GnRHa for 6 months.No patient showed classical GH deficiency.Before and after treatment,height,GV,and pubertal stage were observed,pelvic ultrasonic examination and X-ray bone age(BA) were detected,PAH was evaluated,and LH-releasing hormone (LHRH) stimulation test and GH stimulation test were performed. 【Results】 The secondary sexual development was regressed with interruption of their menses,reduction of the size of uterus,ovaries and breasts.Plasma FSH and LH peaks after the LHRH test were suppressed.The decreased ratio of BA/CA (chronology age) showed the disrupted maturation of BA.PAH increased from (153.4±1.1)cm to (156.0±1.0)cm ( P<0.001) after 6 month treatment.The height SDS for BA (HtSDSBA) improved from 1.91±0.33 to 1.44±0.27( P<0.001),while height SDS for CA (HtSDSCA) from 0.31±0.12 to 0.38±0.15. 【Conclusion】 In gilrs with ICPP especially who have a very short PAH,combination of GnRHa and GH effectively inhibits the gonadal axis and delays bone maturation,improve the predicted adult height. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(9)

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Status of in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding and its influence factors ZHANG Yue,WANG Hui-shan,LUO Qian,ZHANG Li-jin,WANG Shuo,YAO Li-ming journal1    2012, 20 (6): 507-509.   Abstract （164）      PDF （438KB）（447）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To find out the status of in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding in urban areas of China,and explore the influence factors to in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding. 【Methods】 1 288 data were collected in 32 maternity and children health care hospitals of provincial and municipal levels.The breastfeeding status within 24 hours were recalled.The associations between in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding with socio-demographic variables,pregnant and puerperal factors and hospital related factors were explored by Chi-square analyses and binary Logistic regression analyses. 【Results】 The rate of in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding was 46.6%.Logistic regression showed that high education level,high family income were negative effects to in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding;sucking breast within 30 minutes after-born,breastfeeding during the first day and without feeding sugar water were positive effects to in-hospital exclusive breastfeeding. 【Conclusion】 Actively carrying out baby-friendly hospital implementation,promoting breastfeeding of focus person,will promote breastfeeding success. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(8)

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Longitudinal study: the effects of early feeding types on the infant(<2 years old) obesity DAI Jia-zhen, HONG Qin, ZHANG Chun-mei, ZHANG Min, CHI Xia, TONG Mei-ling, GUO Xi-rong journal1    2011, 19 (6): 502-504.   Abstract （112）      PDF （456KB）（343）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To investigate the effects of early feeding types on the development of infant obesity. 【Methods】 A retrospective study was used to survey 522 children(aged 2) who had regular health care in Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital. According to the feeding types before 4 months old, they were classified into breast feeding group and bottle feeding group. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in different months were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 The prevalence of obesity and overweight in bottle feeding group were elevated with age increased and reached peak in 12 months old, then decreased gradually, while they were gradually declined with age increased in breast feeding group. In 18 months old, obesity was more prevalent in the infants with bottle feeding than that with breast feeding( P＜0.05). In 12 and 24 months old, the rates of overweight and obesity were significantly higher in bottle feeding group than that with breast feeding( P＜0.05). Furthermore, in both groups, the prevalence of obesity and overweight were both declined with age increased in 3 months old obesity and overweight children, especially in breast feeding group( P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 Early breast feeding may have a potential benefit in preventing the occurrence and aggravation of infant obesity and overweight within 2 yeas old. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(8)

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Research on the applicability of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition to assess the development of infants and toddlers in Shanghai XU Shan-shan, HUANG Hong, ZHANG Jin-song, BIAN Xiao-yan, LV Na, LV Ying-bo, CHEN Yao journal1    2011, 19 (1): 30-32.   Abstract （303）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the applicability of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development-Third Edition(Bayley-Ⅲ) to assess the development of infants and toddlers in Shanghai and to analyze the reliability and validity. 【Methods】 457 normal infants and toddlers aged 0~42 months were tested with Bayley-Ⅲ. Among those children, 33 were scored by two examiners during test, 24 were retested after a week and 34 were tested with both Bayley-Ⅲ and Gesell on the same day. 【Results】 1)The test-retest reliability was 0.711~0.831 ( P<0.001). Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.956~0.993. The inter-rater reliability was 0.906~0.950( P<0.001). 2)There was low correlation between three kinds of composite score in Bayley-Ⅲ and applicability developmental quotient (DQ) in Gesell( r=0.119~0.367). 3) The mean score of 457 normal infants and toddlers was higher than the norm reference score of American in cognitive, language and motor subscales ( P<0.001), but lower in adaptive behavior scale ( P<0.001). 4) Girls scored higher than boys in cognitive, language and social-emotional subscales. 【Conclusions】 There are some differences in development between Chinese and American children, but Bayley-Ⅲ shows good reliability. It is feasible to assess the development of infants and toddlers in china. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(8)

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Problem behavioral characteristics and its relationship with the social support of the left-home-kids in rural areas of Guizhou BAN Yong-fei,SONG Juan,WU Xiao-yong. journal1    2013, 21 (1): 34-36.   Abstract （136）      PDF （454KB）（319）       Knowledge map    Objective To study the relationship between problem behaviors and social support,and provide a theory basis for protect the healthy growth of the left-home-kids. Method 663 left-home-kids of Guizhou were investigated with youth social support questionnaire,advantages and difficulties questionnaire(the edition for students) by sample random sampling with statistical methods using descriptive statistics,the difference test,correlation and regression analysis. Results Problem behaviors of the left-home-kids was normal level of 27.9%,the edge of the level of 24.6%,the abnormal levels of 47.5%;Three levels problem behaviors were significant differences in the three degrees of social support（ P<0.001）;There was a certain degree of negative correlation between social support and problem behaviors ( r=-0.038~-0.242);Subjective support and objective support for problem behavior had a significant negative prediction ( Beta=-0.242,-0.167 and -0.130， P<0.01). Conclusion The more social support leads to the less problem behavior in left-home-kids,subjective support and objective support are the main factors of the problem behavior. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(8)

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Situation and influencing factors of abuse among children in Guangzhou LIN Rong, LIU Wei-jia, ZHANG Wei-wei, LIU Wei, LIN Lin, WU Jia-gang, DU Lin journal1    2011, 19 (1): 21-23.   Abstract （135）      PDF （453KB）（246）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the situation and influencing factors of abuse among children in Guangzhou and to provide useful reference for prevention. 【Methods】 Across-sectional survey was carried out among 7 475 children by self-administered questionnaire during 2008. The questionnaire used for this study mainly included general demographic information and Childhood Trauma Questionaire(CTQ-SF). 【Results】 The prevalence rates of emotional, physical and sexual abuse were 59.41%, 31.51% and 17.94%. The score and prevalence rate of emotional abuse of girls were higher than those of boys ( t=4.755, H=24.410, all P<0.001). The scores and prevalence rates of physical abuse and sexual abuse of boys were higher than those of girls ( t=8.356, H=82.211, all P<0.001; t=8.784, H=52.452, all P<0.001). Sex; age; family structure; living conditions and frequency of parents drink were common influencing factors of emotional, physical and sexual abuse. 【Conclusions】 The results indicate that abuse among children is not uncommon in our city. Children abuse is associated with many factors, and family conditions are important factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Prevalence and risk factors of obesity in 9 517 preschool children in Xiamen CHEN Jing, ZENG Guo-zhang, HUANG Hai-ying journal1    2011, 19 (1): 57-59.   Abstract （149）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 To analyze the prevalence and risk factors of obesity among preschool children in Xiamen, and to provide the scientific basis for preventing obesity in children. 【Methods】 A random cluster sampling method was carried out, 34 kindergartens from urban district of Xiamen were selected randomly. 9 517 children at the age of 2～6 years old were selected as our study subjects, and all subjects' basic informa-tion (age,gender,height,weight,etc) were investigated. The prevalence rate of child obesity and its related factors were analyzed. 【Results】 The prevalence rate of obesity among preschool children in Xiamen was 7.40%, of which, the prevalence rate of boys was 9.03%, and the prevalence rate of girls was 5.48%. The prevalence rate was positive related with age. The results indicated that childhood obesity occurrence was related to their parents' obesity and high income, the child diet habits,time consumed in watching television and doing exercises. 【Conclusions】 This study demonstrates a high prevalence of obesity in preschool children in Xiamen. Child obesity can be related by gender, age and unhealthy life style. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Analysis of supervising results of death for the children under the age of 5 in Liuzhou from 2003 to 2011 LI Hong-hui,NONG Zheng,MO Xu-qun journal1    2012, 20 (5): 476-477.   Abstract （99）      PDF （278KB）（115）       Knowledge map    【Objectives】 To analyze the death rates and death causes for the children under the age of 5 in Liuzhou from 2003 to 2011 and find out the trends and rules of death causes in children and provide a theoretical basis for the development of the health policies and interventions on reducing the death rates in children under the age of 5. 【Methods】 The death monitoring data of 6 071 cases in the children under the age of 5 were retrospectively analyzed during 2003-2011 in Liuzhou (including six counties and four districts). 【Results】 The nine-year surveillance data showed that the death rates of newborns,infants,and children under the age of 5 mortality rates greatly decreased.In 2011,the death rates for newborns,infants,and children under the age of 5 were 4.58‰,7.43‰ and 9.91‰,respectively.Compared with the death rates of three age groups in 2003,the death rates for newborns,infants,and children under the age of 5 were reduced by 6.91%,9.73% and 10.57%,respectively.The top five death causes for children under the age of 5 were as follows:preterm/low birth weight,congenital heart disease,birth asphyxia,congenital anomalies and accidental death. 【Conclusions】 Strengthening the ability of the child health care grassroots personnel in the appropriate neonatal resuscitation technical training,and vigorously promoting and guiding the knowledge of health care during pregnancy,can effectively reduce the death of children under the age of 5 and the incidence of birth defects.It can also strongly improve the quality of the population. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Gratitude and life satisfaction among left-behind children:the mediating effect of anxiety and Depression WEI Chang,YU Cheng-fu,HONG Xiao-zhu,ZHENG Yuan-hao,ZHOU Sha-sha,SUN Guo-jian journal1    2015, 23 (3): 290-291.   DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-03-21 Abstract （250）      PDF （396KB）（250）       Knowledge map    Objective To explore the relationship between gratitude,anxiety and depression and life satisfaction among left behind children. Method A total of 363 left-behind children completed questionaires regarding gratitude,anxiety and depression,and life satisfaction. Results Regression analysis indicated that the positive association between gratitude and left-behind children's life satisfaction ( b=0.15, P<0.01),which was partially mediated by anxiety and depression ( Z=2.06, P<0.05). Conclusion Gratitude is a powerful protective factor for life satisfaction of left behind children,and anxiety and depression function as a bridge among this connection. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Biochemical screening and genetic diagnosis of thalassemia in children with anemia from Luzhou CHEN Hong-ying,ZOU Yan,LIU Chun-yan,LIU Wen-jun journal1    2013, 21 (11): 1139-1141.   Abstract （157）      PDF （399KB）（438）       Knowledge map    Objective To explore the types and frequency of gene mutations in children with thalassemia in Luzhou,Sichuan Province. Methods A biochemical screening for thalassemia was performed by laboratory examination RBC osmotic fragibity,serum ferritin and hemoglobin electrophoresis on 556 children with anemia from Luzhou,Sichuan Province.Genetic diagnosis was performed on the children with α-thalassemia by gap-PCR and on the children with β-thalassemia by PCR-Reverse Dot Blot(PCR-RDB). Results The positive cases of the biochemical screening for thalassemia were 176(31.65%).The positive of genetic diagnosis was 136(24.46%).Of the 136 cases,α-thalassemia was found in 53 cases,β-thalassemia in 81 cases and α-combined β-thalassemia in 2 cases.7 types of mutation genotypes were detected in 53 cases of α-thalassemia ,the proportions of--α SEA/ααwere 39.62%,the proportions of -α 3.7/αα were 26.42%.7 different mutalion were identified in 81 cases of β-thalassemia,there were 14 different gene types.CD17(A→T)、IVS-Ⅱ-654(C→T) and CD41/42(-TTCT) were the most frequent genic mutations. Conlusions The frequency of gene mutations for thalassemia is high in children from Luzhou,Sichuan province.Gene diagnosis is a accurate and reliable method to diagnose thalassemia. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Case-control study of risk factors for 388 cases of full term low birth weight newborns in western rural area ZHOU Min,ZHANG Xiao-song,HAO Bo,ZHAO Geng-li,CHEN Li-jun journal1    2013, 21 (11): 1136-1138.   Abstract （128）      PDF （427KB）（213）       Knowledge map    Objective To understand the influence factors of the term low birth weight in western rural areas,in order to provide scientific basis for the further intervention research. Method The objects of case group were selected from mothers who delivered term low birth weight newborns in 15 county level hospitals and 8 township hospitals in 5 western counties during November 2010 to October 2011.The control group were 1∶1 matched,and the total number of qualified objects were 388 pairs.Through filling in the questionnaire by all of the objects,the general situation,maternal health care,pregnancy complications and dietary intake during pregnancy were identified. Results The risk influencing factors related to low birth weight included:the average family income <2 000 yuan per month,mother's educational degree of primary school and below,the histories of preterm birth or abnormal pregnancy,mother itself is used to be low birth weight,mother with low BMI or underweight,prenatal examination ≤4 times,oligohydramnios,preeclampsia,without folic acid intake during pregnancy,insufficient intake of fish and meat,eggs,milk,fruit,beans and nuts.Through multi-factors analysis,the average family income <2 000 yuan per month and eating nuts less than once a week during pregnancy were risk factors for term low birth weight. Conclusion At present the risk factors of low birth weight in western rural areas is mainly related to socioeconomic status and the nutritional status of pregnant women.It is necessary to enhance the quality of maternal health care services at grassroots level,in order to improve the pregnancy outcome. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Study on the influence factors of behavior problems of preschoolers HE Shou-sen, GUAN Chun-rong, WU Mao-ping, WANG Xi-lu, AN Xiang-mei, ZHOU Ya-ping, NI Chen-xi, LI Yan, LI Qing-xia journal1    2011, 19 (11): 992-995.   Abstract （92）      PDF （600KB）（454）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To probe into the preschoolers behavior problems influence factors in order to provide a basis for promoting children's behavior development. 【Methods】 464 preschoolers were investigated with self-designed family demographic information questionnaire, preschool temperament scale, 3~6 years old children family nurture environment scale, the teacher's questionnaire on children's self-confidence and children's behavior checklist. 【Results】 The boys had higher score than the girl about thinking problem and disciplinary problems. Children's retreat, aggression and external problem decreased with age. Children whose parent's occupation were executive staff had lower behavior score than others. Easy type of temperament children had lower behavior score than those difficulty type and slow-to-warm-up type. The family social adaptive, diverse activities and atmosphere factors were obviously correlated with the children's retreat, social, attention and aggression problems. The family ignorance/interference factor was correlated with anxiety depression, social, attention, aggression problems. Children's self-efficacy, self-expression scores had weak correlations with children's retreat behavior problems. 【Conclusion】 Children's behavior problems are influenced by individual internal biological factors such as gender, age, and psychological factor such as temperament, and external home nurture environment factors. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Analysis of the effect that tongue acupuncture combining with comprehensive intervention to children with autism LI Ling, JIAO Yun, LIU Li-yan, HUANG Cui journal1    2011, 19 (5): 477-479.   Abstract （131）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 To observe the effect of tongue acupuncture combining with comprehensive intervention to children with autism and which could offer evidences for clinic treatment. 【Methods】 38 children with autism were divided into two groups at random. The control group was accepted comprehensive intervention treatment only.While the experimental group was accepted tongue acupuncture and comprehensive intervention.Evaluating with psychological education scale before and six months after the treatment respectively. 【Result】 The results showed that the scores of imitation, hand-eye coordination, cognitive understanding, cognitive expression, and the development of cognition of experimental group were all improved significantly compared with the control group. 【Conclusion】 The new treatment of tongue acupuncture combining with comprehensive intervention can improve the efficacy of children with autism. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(7)

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Relationship between serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and vitamin A metabolic index in preschool children CHEN Ke,ZHANG Lan,CHENG Xin-ran,LUO Hong-yi,GAO Ning,WANG Jin,FU Gui-ying,MAO Meng journal1    2012, 20 (9): 800-802.   Abstract （117）      PDF （465KB）（139）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To explore the correlation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and vitamin A metabolic index,including serum retinol,serum retinol binding protein (RBP),serum transthyretin (TTR) and the molar ratio of RBP to TTR[R-T index,RBP(mol/L)/TTR(mol/L)]. 【Methods】 About 473 preschool children with 2~7 years old were randomly selected from eight kindergartens,including 223 boys and 250 girls with (47.8±14.5) months.Serum retinol was measured by HPLC method,NGAL and RBP by ELISA and TTR by immunoturbidimetric method. 【Results】 There were significant negative correlations between NGAL and retinol and R-T index(The partial correlation coefficients were 0.21 and 0.25; P all<0.000 1).The value of serum NGAL in children with normal vitamin A was markedly lower than that of children with unnormal vitamin A ( P<0.05).Children with low R-T index level (cut by R-T index media value) had higher serum NGAL level than those with high R-T index level ( P<0.05);However,no significant difference was observed between children with high and low RBP/TTR levels ( P>0.05).The serum retinol and R-T index levels in children with Q1 RBP value group (cut by RBP 4 quartile level) was significantly higher than those of children with Q4 RBP value group ( P<0.05),but not for serum RBP and TTR values ( P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 There is close relation between serum NGAL and vitamin A status in preschool children and vitamin A may be able to inhibit the expression of NGAL which against the inhibition of NGAL on hematopoietic system. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Study on dental caries status in 3～6-year-old kindergarten children of Laoshan, Qingdao TANG Ai-ping, DU Ji-peng journal1    2011, 19 (8): 763-764.   Abstract （82）            Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the situation of dental caries in 3 to 6-year-old kindergarten children in Laoshan, Qingdao. 【Method】 Oral examinations were performed on 5 620 kindergarten children of Laoshan district which aged 3 to 6 years old and the dental caries data were analyzed by χ 2 test. 【Results】 The prevalence of dental caries in children aged 3 to 6 years old was 27.7%. As for gender, the prevalence of dental caries was 26.9% for boys and 28.2% for girls. No significant difference in caries prevalence was found by gender. The caries prevalence of children was increased with age, which reached its highest as 49.56% in > 5～6 years old group. There was a significant difference in caries prevalence between age groups. 【Conclusions】 In order to prevent children from dental caries, oral hygiene measures and strategies must be carried out from early childhood when they have primary teeth. Reducing the caries prevalence in children needs cooperated efforts from both parents and kindergarten teachers. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Survey on health KAP in floating children in Beijing GUO Li-na, YU Xiao-ming, AN Wei-wei, WANG Jia journal1    2011, 19 (7): 603-605.   Abstract （104）      PDF （460KB）（247）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the state of the health knowledge, attitudes and behavior of floating children in Beijing, and accomplish the needs of health education assessment in migrant children schools, to provide a theoretical basis and recommendations in order to complete the implementation of school health education. 【Methods】 Self-report questionnaire was used and laid emphasis on anonymous, totally 730 fourth to sixth grade students of 5 migrant children schools in two districts of Beijing were included. 【Results】 There existenced sex and grade differences in knowledge of the overall health of floating children; Habits in terms of health behavior, they lacked of the hygiene of food(24.11% could not eat breakfast everyday, 20.99% could not eat vegetables frequently), hand washing, oral (37.43% could not tooth brushing before sleep), etc. And obviously 93.88% needed the health education. 【Conclusions】 In order to improve the floating children's health, and develop the health awareness, strengthen the implementation and management of health education should be done by the migrant children school. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Multi-center research and analysis of children with acute of lower respiratory tract infection and pneumonia,mycoplasma etiology in Baoji WEI Sheng-yun,TANG Shu-bin,LI Wu-jun,LIU Ning-xia,LI Wen-jun,MEI Gui-qiao journal1    2012, 20 (6): 550-552.   Abstract （109）      PDF （466KB）（157）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To understand of the compositional characteristics the pathogenic virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) children in Baoji. 【Method】 From five hospitals in Baoji City,August 2010-July 2011,7 979 cases of ALRI were collected in children hospitalized with virus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae pathogen test results for meta-analysis. 【Results】 The 7 kinds of serum acute virus IgM antibody positive rate was 32.7% in ALRI children;The positive rate were:EB virus capsid antigen antibody anti-IgM 7.6%,coxsackie virus antibody IgM 7.2%,CMV antibody IgM 5.5%,echovirus antibody IgM 5.1%,parainfluenza virus antibody IgM 4.1%,adenovirus antibody IgM 2%,respiratory syncytial virus antibody IgM 1.2%,mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody IgM positive rate 12.6%.The pathogenic nucleic acid (PCR-fluorescent probe) positive rate of lower respiratory tract secretions were:EB virus DNA 24.4%,enteric virus(ordinary type) RNA 10.7%,RSV RNA 4.3%,Coxsackie virus A16 3.8%;Mycoplasma pneumoniae nucleic acid quantitation positive rate was 11.7%.The most common clinical EBV mixed infection was with MP. 【Conclusions】 The etiology of ALRI in children shows differences in the distribution of population,area and season,year,etc.EBV and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in children with ALRI in Baoji were important pathogen.Multi-method,multi-joint detection of pathogens should be carried out. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Oral erythromycin for treatment of feeding intolerance in very low birth weight preterm infants YANG Yi-lin,ZHUANG Si-qi,LIU Xiao-hong,WANG Bin,ZHU Xiao-yu,CUI Qi-liang,YANG Jie,HE Shao-ru journal1    2012, 20 (12): 1114-1117.   Abstract （147）      PDF （576KB）（212）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 A prospective,multi-center,controlled study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness and possible side effects of oral erythromycin (EM) in treating preterm infants,especially VLBW(very low birth-weight )preterm infants with feeding intolerance(FI). 【Methods】 46 preterm infants with FI from 16 hospitals were enrolled,study period from January,2008 to March,2010.The patients were divided into 3 random groups:EM-HD group,oral erythromycin 12.5 mg/kg,q8h for 7~10 days; EM-LD group,oral erythromycin 5 mg/kg,therapy as above; and control group,not treated by any gastrointestinal prokinetic agent.Several critical time points of feeding condition were compared,the incidence of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) and the potential adverse effects of erythromycin were also evaluated. 【Results】 11 patients had be classed as EM-HD group,22 as EM-LD group,13 as control.After enrollment,the time reaching 50 kCal/(kg·d) from enteral feeding were significantly shorter and the proportions of calorie ingested by the enteral route when the infants regained to their birth weight were significantly higher in two trial groups than the control group.The incidence of EUGR was significantly lower in EM-HD group.All enrolled infants were followed up from discharge to 6 months' age,no obvious side effect was found in the trial groups. 【Conclusions】 In this research,both doses of oral erythromycin are effective for treating VLBW preterm infants with FI and the high dose is more effective.There are not obvious side effects of oral erythromycin observed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Effect of auditory integration training on autistic children XIE Jin-na, XING Yu-han, JI Yong-juan, XIA Ying, KUANG Gui-fang journal1    2014, 22 (9): 1002-1004.   DOI: 10.11852/zgetbjzz2014-22-09-34 Abstract （155）      PDF （399KB）（213）       Knowledge map    Objective To explore the effect of auditory integration training(AIT) on autistic children. Methods 47 autistic children with AIT (intervention group) and 39 autistic children without any treat (control group) were investigated respectively with Autism Behavior Checklist (ABC) and Self-prepared Questionnaire(SPQ) before and after 6 month treatment. Results 1)Compared with the scores before AIT,the AIT group significantly improved or decreased in total score,perception,communication,somatic movement,verbal and self-care in ABC respectively while the control group only increased or decreased in perception of ABC ( P<0.05).When compared with the control group,it also showed a better changing trend in perception,self-care and total of ABC in AIT group( P<0.05).2) In the scores of SPQ,AIT group had increased in verbal,communication,perception,behavior and emotion ( P<0.05),compared with those of before intervention.There was no significant deference in control group.Compared with control group,the AIT group increased in silence,communication difficulties and inattention in SPQ. Conclusion The treatment of AIT is effective for the autistic children. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Characteristics and prognostic influential factors of hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation XU Guang,LI Bi-xiang,ZHOU Chong-gao,WANG Hai-yang,LIU Xiao-xian journal1    2011, 19 (12): 1142-1145.   Abstract （141）      PDF （575KB）（237）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 Through researching the characteristics and prognostic influential factors of the hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation aged 0~3 months, the present study aims at providing a scientific guideline for the establishment of an effective emergency rescue system for it. 【Methods】 Subjects were 466 hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation in the Neonatal Surgery Department of Hunan Children's Hospital within one year. Their basic features and influential factors on the outcome of these infants were analyzed by the approaches of single factor logistic regression analysis and multiple factor logistic regression analysis. 【Results】 The number of infants with congenital digestive tract malformation was 466, with 332 boys (71.24%) and 134 girls (28.76%), and with 367 rural patients (78.76%) and 99 urban patients (21.24%). The rural patients were much easier to suffer from such complications than urban patients as fluid and electrolyte imbalance, pneumonia, peritonitis, digestive tract perforation, malnutrition and so on. 385 cases of the patients were cured, accounting for 82.62%; 13 cases (2.79%) got better; 32 cases (6.87%) gave up and 36 cases (7.73%) died. And among the dead cases, there were 32 rural patients and 4 urban patients. The fatality rate of infants in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. Through the application of single factor logistic regression analysis, the influential factors on the outcome of hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation were infectious shock, respiratory failure, septicemia, DIC, scleredema etc. Through the application of the multiple factor logistic regression analysis, the influential factors were respiratory failure, digestive tract perforation, septicemia and onset of disease. 【Conclusions】 The prognosis of congenital digestive tract malformation is closely related to such factors as infectious shock, respiratory failure, digestive tract perforation, septicemia, DIC, scleredema and so on. Countryside is the emphasis of prevention and treatment of congenital digestive tract malformation. In order to elevate the recovery rate, we should carry out prenatal diagnosis and early diagnose, popularize the knowledge of diagnose digestive tract malformation in countryside, give early operations and raise the level of treatment of the hospital. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Effects of feeding in different ways on preterm infants YANG Chun-hui,LIAO Yan,WANG Wei-qiong,HUANG Yun-li,SHI Yu-qi journal1    2011, 19 (11): 1020-1021.   Abstract （108）      PDF （317KB）（119）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To investigate the effects of feeding in different ways on physical development and serum index of preterm infants. 【Methods】 91 preterm infants whose birth weights were all above 1 500 g. Infants were divided into 5 groups by following feeding ways: preterm-infant formula; term-infant formula; preterm-infant formula and breast milk; breast milk; term-infant formula and breast milk. Weights, lengths were measured at 4~6 months adjusted by gestational age. Z-score of weights and lengths were calculated. Serum total protein, albumin, and micronutrients etc were detected. 【Results】 The Z-score of weights and lengths in Group 4 were blow zero, and lower than other groups. But the differences were not significant ( P>0.05). The serum levels of BUN in Group 4 was significant lower than other groups ( P<0.05) and was significant higher in Group 2 than Group 3, Group 4, Group 5 ( P<0.05). The serum levels of albumin in Group 1 and Group 5 were significant higher than other groups ( P<0.05), but were similar between the two group ( P=0.947). There were no significant differences in other serum index levels among the groups ( P>0.05). The levels of serum BUN were correlated with the Z-score of length ( r=0.228, P=0.04). 【Conclusion】 1) Exclusive breast feeding can not provide enough nutrients for matching the early growth and development of preterm infants; 2) Further study will be needed to investigate the mechanisms and long effects of high serum BUN levels in preterm infants feeding with term-infant formula. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Physical condition of primary and secondary students in Qingdao city from 1991 to 2010 year LI Ze-min,SHI Xue-xiang,XU Yan-ju journal1    2012, 20 (12): 1080-1082.   Abstract （95）      PDF （383KB）（215）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To study the physical condition and the variation tendency for ages of the primary and secondary school students,and to provide evidence for the intervention measures. 【Methods】 The 1991,2000 and 2010 Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health was used as reference population.There were 3 170,3 573 and 5 277 primary and secondary Han nationality students aged 7 to 18 years old included in this study.Annual physical health data of lung capacity,50 meters run,standing long jump、endurance run were analyzed. 【Results】 The lung capacity,standing long jump and endurance run time were increased beyond of 50 meters run compared by 1991 and 2000 year,instead the lung capacity and standing long jump were decreased,while 50 meters run and endurance run time were increased compared by 2000 and 2010 year. 【Conclusion】 The physical condition of primary and secondary Han nationality students aged 7 to 18 years in Qingdao city from 1991 to 2010 was decreased,It is necessary to provide the prevention measures. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)

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Study of the influence of family factors on mother-infant attachment DING Yan-hua, XU Xiu, WANG Zheng-yan, LI Hui-rong, WANG Wei-ping journal1    2011, 19 (9): 806-808.   Abstract （238）      PDF （484KB）（400）       Knowledge map    【Objective】 To identify patterns of mother-infant attachment in Shanghai and to explore relevant influence factors. 【Methods】 The subjects included 160 healthy infant-mother dyads. Infant-mother attachment was assessed with Ainsworth's Strange Situation Strategy; Maternal sensitivity and Parental marital quality were assessed with Maternal Behavior Q-sort Manual Version 3.1 and Olson's marital questionnaire, respectively. A self-formulated questionnaire of family environment factors was completed by the infant's mother. 【Results】 Among the 160 infants, 68.2% were rated as securely attached(B) and 31.8% as insecurely attached. Of those infants rated as insecurely attached, 7.5% were characterised as avoidant(A), 21.8% as resistant(C) and 2.5% as disorganized(D). Maternal sensitivity and marital satisfaction were significantly different between securely attached infants and insecurely attached infants. Moreover, multiple caregivers in the family and infant's sleeping with other caregivers at night were more likely to be associated with insecure infant-mother attachment. 【Conclusions】 Maternal sensitivity and marital satisfaction are the important factors that influence infant-mother attachment relationship. Meanwhile, the association of high involvement of other caregivers in the family with insecure mother-infant attachment cannot be ignored. It is necessary to pay more attention to children's early attachment development and promote further studies on the subject in China. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics Cited: Baidu(6)