中药单体靶向调控糖尿病相关信号转导通路的分子药理学机制研究进展

doi:10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.08.014

中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2026, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (8): 1135-1143.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.08.014

中药单体靶向调控糖尿病相关信号转导通路的分子药理学机制研究进展

张媛君¹^,²(), 马婧¹, 刘菊香¹, 权金星¹^,²^,*()

1. 甘肃省人民医院内分泌科
2. 甘肃省代谢性疾病临床医学研究中心，兰州 730000，甘肃

收稿日期:2025-11-28 修回日期:2026-03-27 出版日期:2026-08-26 发布日期:2026-09-09
通讯作者: 权金星 E-mail:840734151@qq.com;quanjxxt@163.com
作者简介:张媛君，女，副主任医师，研究方向：中西医结合防治内分泌与代谢性疾病研究。E-mail：840734151@qq.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金地区基金项目（81860091）；甘肃省重点研发计划项目（25YFFA047）；甘肃省卫生健康行业项目（GSWSKY2025-06）；甘肃省基础研究计划-软科学专项（26JRZA147）

Advances in the molecular pharmacological mechanisms of Chinese herbal monomers targeting diabetes-related signal transduction pathways

Yuanjun ZHANG¹^,²(), Jing MA¹, Juxiang LIU¹, Jinxin QUAN¹^,²^,*()

1. Department of Endocrinology, Gansu Provincial People^,s Hospital
2. Gansu Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu, China

Received:2025-11-28 Revised:2026-03-27 Online:2026-08-26 Published:2026-09-09
Contact: Jinxin QUAN E-mail:840734151@qq.com;quanjxxt@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

2型糖尿病（type 2 diabetes，T2DM）是常见的异质性疾病，随着人口老龄化和社会经济发展引起的生活方式改变，T2DM发病率逐年上升，且其发病机制复杂，现有药物治疗时，难以同时保证疗效显著而副作用低。中药单体因来源广泛、药理活性丰富和相对安全等特点，具有广阔的应用前景。本文综述了核因子 Kappa B（nuclear factor kappa-B，NF-κB）、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶（phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase，PI3K）/蛋白激酶B（protein kinase B，Akt）、腺苷酸活化蛋白激酶（adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase，AMPK）、核转录因子红系2相关因子2（nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor 2，Nrf2）/ 抗氧化反应元件（antioxidant response element，ARE）等信号通路在T2DM发病中的作用机制、中药单体对这些通路的调控机制进展及面临的挑战。

关键词: 中药单体, 糖尿病, 信号通路, 桔梗皂苷D, 姜黄素

Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) is a common heterogeneous disease. With the change of lifestyle caused by aging population and social and economic development, the incidence rate of T2DM is increasing year by year, and its pathogenesis is complex. It is difficult to ensure significant efficacy and low side effects when existing drugs are used. Traditional Chinese medicine monomers have broad application prospects due to their wide sources, rich pharmacological activity, and relative safety. This article reviews the mechanisms of action of signaling pathways such as NF-κB, PI3K/Akt, AMPK, and Nrf2/ARE in the pathogenesis of T2DM, the progress of regulatory mechanisms of traditional Chinese medicine monomers on these pathways, and the challenges they face.

Key words: monomers of traditional Chinese medicine, diabetes, signal pathway, kikyosaponin D, curcumin

中图分类号:

R587.1

张媛君, 马婧, 刘菊香, 权金星. 中药单体靶向调控糖尿病相关信号转导通路的分子药理学机制研究进展[J]. 中国临床药理学与治疗学, 2026, 31(8): 1135-1143.

Yuanjun ZHANG, Jing MA, Juxiang LIU, Jinxin QUAN. Advances in the molecular pharmacological mechanisms of Chinese herbal monomers targeting diabetes-related signal transduction pathways[J]. Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, 2026, 31(8): 1135-1143.

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中药单体靶向调控糖尿病相关信号转导通路的分子药理学机制研究进展

Advances in the molecular pharmacological mechanisms of Chinese herbal monomers targeting diabetes-related signal transduction pathways

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