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中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2025, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (11): 1443-1452.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2025.11.001

• 食欲素及其受体阻断剂治疗失眠障碍研究进展 • 上一篇    下一篇

食欲素调控睡眠-觉醒周期的神经环路机制

何  超1,罗心为1,于清崧2,李亚东2   

  1. 1陆军军医大学(第三军医大学)基础医学院生理学教研室,重庆  400038;2上海交通大学医学院松江研究院,上海市情感脑功能与障碍干预重点实验室,上海  201699
  • 出版日期:2025-11-26 发布日期:2025-12-04
  • 通讯作者: 何超,陆军军医大学生理教研室主任、教授、博导。入选国家优秀青年科学基金、重庆市杰出青年科学基金、军队青年科技英才等国家级省部级人才计划,主持国家脑计划重大项目课题、国家自然科学基金区域联合重点项目等重要科研项目,围绕觉醒-睡眠领域开展系统性研究。兼任中国生理学会理事、中国睡眠研究会理事、中国睡眠研究会药理与生理专业委员会副主委,担任Sleep、Fundamental Research等国际学术期刊青年编委。以通讯作者在Science、Neuron、Nature Communications等杂志发表论文,成果被Science、Nature等杂志引用,荣获重庆市自然科学奖一等奖(排名第三)、中国生理学会“张锡钧优秀论文奖”等学术奖励。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金联合基金项目(U24A20373)

Neural mechanisms of orexin regulating the sleep-wake cycle

HE Chao1, LUO Xinwei1, YU Qingsong2, LI Yadong2   

  1. 1Department of Physiology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; 2Songjiang Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Emotional Brain Function and Intervention for Disorders, Shanghai 201699, China
  • Online:2025-11-26 Published:2025-12-04

摘要:

食欲素系统是下丘脑所特有的神经肽能系统。通过整合内外环境信号,经由广泛的下游环路激活促觉醒核团并抑制促睡眠核团,实现觉醒的启动和维持。食欲素系统也对快速眼动睡眠发挥重要的调控作用。食欲素系统功能缺失与猝睡症密切相关,表现为觉醒片段化及情境诱发的猝倒。本文将综述食欲素调控睡眠-觉醒周期的神经机制的研究进展,为精准干预睡眠障碍提供理论依据。

关键词: 食欲素, 食欲素受体, 睡眠, 快速眼动睡眠, 觉醒, 神经环路, 失眠, 猝睡症

Abstract:

The orexin (hypocretin) system is a hypothalamus-specific neuropeptidergic network that integrates metabolic, emotional, and environmental cues to regulate sleep-wake states. By activating arousal-promoting nuclei and inhibiting sleep-promoting regions through widespread downstream circuits, it plays a crucial role in the initiation and maintenance of wakefulness. Orexin system also plays a crucial role in regulation of rapid eye movement sleep. Loss of orexin function is closely associated with narcolepsy, characterized by fragmented wakefulness and emotionally triggered cataplexy. This review summarizes the current advances in the neural mechanisms underlying orexin-mediated regulation of the sleep-wake cycle, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for precision interventions in sleep disorders.

Key words: orexin, orexin receptors, sleep, REM sleep, wakefulness, neural circuits, insomnia, narcolepsy

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