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中国临床药理学与治疗学 ›› 2026, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 500-508.doi: 10.12092/j.issn.1009-2501.2026.04.009

• 综述与讲座 • 上一篇    下一篇

中药靶向2型糖尿病相关通路的药理机制研究进展

周莹(), 刘军彤, 王庆峰, 杨宇峰(), 石岩()   

  1. 辽宁中医药大学,沈阳 110847,辽宁
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17 修回日期:2025-12-06 出版日期:2026-04-26 发布日期:2026-04-30
  • 通讯作者: 杨宇峰,石岩 E-mail:3239077918@qq.com;Yangyufeng5698@163.com;shi_yan0705@163.com
  • 作者简介:周莹,女,在读博士研究生,研究方向:糖尿病及代谢综合征的基础与临床研究。E-mail:3239077918@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家中医药管理局中医药传承与创新“百千万”人才工程岐黄学者项目(国中医药人教函[2018]284号);国家中医药管理局青年岐黄学者项目(国中医药人教函[2022]256号);辽宁省教育厅基本科研项目(JYTZD2023197);辽宁省教育厅高校基本科研项目(LJ232410162026)

Research progress on pharmacological mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine targeting type 2 diabetes related pathways

Ying ZHOU(), Juntong LIU, Qingfeng WANG, Yufeng YANG(), Yan SHI()   

  1. Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, Liaoning, China
  • Received:2025-09-17 Revised:2025-12-06 Online:2026-04-26 Published:2026-04-30
  • Contact: Yufeng YANG,Yan SHI E-mail:3239077918@qq.com;Yangyufeng5698@163.com;shi_yan0705@163.com

摘要:

2型糖尿病(type 2 diabetes mellitus,T2DM)是常见的慢性代谢性疾病,以高血糖为主要表现。中药具有整体调节、辨证论治、多靶点、多机制调节的特色,在T2DM的治疗中具有巨大潜力。近年来研究显示,中药有效成分和复方通过调控腺苷酸激活蛋白激酶(AMP-activated protein kinase,AMPK)、核转录因子-κB(nuclear transcription factor-κB,NF-κB)、转化生长因子-β(transforming growth factor-β,TGF-β)、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinases,MAPK)、磷脂酰肌醇3-激酶(phosphoinositol 3-kinase,PI3K)/蛋白激酶B(protein kinase B,Akt)、核因子E2相关因子2(nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2,Nrf2)、无翅型MMTV整合位点家族(wingless type MMTV integration site family,Wnt)/β-连环蛋白(β-catenin)等信号通路,能够抑制胰岛β细胞凋亡,促进胰岛β细胞增殖,改善胰岛功能,降低氧化应激与炎症反应,抑制肝脏糖异生,改善胰岛素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR),从而发挥治疗T2DM的作用。本文对中药有效成分和复方干预T2DM的成果及相关通路作用机制的研究进展进行归纳总结分析,以期为T2DM的治疗提供参考。

关键词: 2型糖尿病, 中药有效成分和复方, 信号通路, 作用机制, 研究进展

Abstract:

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. Traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics of overall regulation, syndrome differentiation and treatment, multi-target and multi-mechanism regulation, and has great potential in the treatment of T2DM. Recent studies have shown that, effective components and compound of traditional Chinese medicine regulate AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), Phosphoinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) / protein kinase B (Akt), nuclear factor-erythroid 2 related factor 2 (Nrf2), wingless type MMTV integration site family (Wnt) / β-catenin, and other signaling pathways. It can inhibit the apoptosis of islet β cells, promote the proliferation of islet β cells, improve islet function, reduce oxidative stress and inflammatory response, inhibit liver gluconeogenesis, and improve insulin resistance (IR), thus playing a role in the treatment of T2DM. This paper summarizes and analyzes the research progress of the effective components of traditional Chinese medicine and compound intervention in T2DM and the mechanism of related pathways, in order to provide a new direction and reference for the treatment of T2DM.

Key words: type 2 diabetes mellitus, effective components and compound of traditional Chinese medicine, signal pathway, mechanism, research progress

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