Abstract: Thyroid cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors. After standardized surgery, selective 131I radiotherapy and gonadotropin suppression therapy, the overall prognosis of most patients with differentiated thyroid cancer is good. However, there are still a small number of patients who are not sensitive to radioactive iodine treatment and have mutations of one or more oncogenes, which become iodine-resistant differentiated thyroid cancer. The application of traditional treatment methods cannot achieve satisfactory efficacy, the disease progresses rapidly and the mortality rate is high. This article reviews the progress in the diagnosis and treatment of iodine-resistant differentiated thyroid cancer in order to obtain the necessary time for early identification and targeted therapy.

Key words: iodine refractory, refractory thyroid cancer, gene mutation, targeted therapy, research progress