Sjgren's syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by exocrine gland dysfunction. Currently, although the pathogenesis of SS has not been fully elucidated, more and more studies have shown that salivary epithelial cells play an important role in the pathogenesis of salivary gland damage in SS, and that blocking the activation of salivary epithelial cells and restoring their normal physiological function may be able to improve the secretory function of salivary glands. In this paper, the pathological mechanism of salivary gland epithelial cells in desiccation syndrome will be elaborated in depth from four aspects, including the pathological structural changes of the salivary glands in SS, the death pattern of salivary gland epithelial cells, their communication with immune cells, and the common signaling pathways.