AIM: To investigate the effect of C. albido on mice with abnormal lipid metabolism induced by high-fat diet based on transcriptomics. METHODS: Fifty male SD rats were selected, with 8 designated as the blank group. The remaining 42 rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for model establishment. After 4 weeks of modeling, blood samples were taken from the orbital sinus to measure changes in serum total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels to assess the success of the lipid metabolism disorder model. Rats modeling failures were excluded, and the 32 successful rats were randomly divided into four groups: a positive drug group, a model group, a low-dose Bai Lian Jiang Zhuo Fang group (BLJZ-BD), and a high-dose Bai Lian Jiang Zhuo Fang group (BLJZ-BG), with 8 rats in each group. The positive drug group was treated with atorvastatin calcium tablets (Avt) at a dosage of 1.25 mg/kg via gavage, while the low-dose Bai Lian Jiang Zhuo Fang group was administered 5 g/kg by gavage, and the high-dose group received 10 g/kg by gavage. After 4 weeks of continuous administration, Oil Red O staining was utilized to detect lipid deposition in the liver tissue. Subsequent biochemical indicators were assessed, measuring TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in liver tissue. Serum samples were taken to analyze levels of free fatty acids (FFA), lipoprotein lipase (LPL), hepatic triglyceride lipase (HL), and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in each rat group. Additionally, RNA sequencing technology was employed on rat liver tissue to determine the mRNA abundance of different organisms and further screen significantly changed differentially expressed genes, followed by Western blotting to verify the expression of proteins in related signaling pathways. RESULTS: The results of oil red O staining showed that the area of lipid deposition in the liver of the model group was significantly higher than that of the blank group (P<0.01), and the proportion of lipid droplets in the positive drug group and the turbidity reduction group was significantly lower than that in the model group (P<0.01). The results of biochemical index analysis showed that compared with the model group, the positive drug group and the high-dose group of Bailian Turbidity Fang could significantly reduce the levels of TC, TG, LDL-C, ALT and AST in the liver tissue of rats with abnormal lipid metabolism (P<0.01), increase the levels of HDL-C (P<0.01), significantly reduce the levels of FFA and HSL in the serum of rats with abnormal lipid metabolism (P<0.01), and significantly increase the levels of LPL and HL (P<0.05, P<0.01). Transcriptomic studies showed that there were 48 differential metabolites and 288 core callback genes at the intersection of diseases and drugs, and the enrichment pathways were mainly concentrated in PPAR and AMPK pathways. Western blot verification results showed that the expression of PPARα, CYP7A1 and CPT1A proteins could be up-regulated. CONCLUSION: The anti-turbidity formula can improve the abnormal lipid metabolism, and promote the β oxidation of fatty acids and the metabolism of bile acids through the PPAR pathway, there by promoting the lipid metabolism process and playing a therapeutic role.