Table of Content

Volume 22 Issue 7
26 July 2017

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Metabolomic study on the mechanism of asthenospermia induced by tripterygium glycosides and ornidazole in rats via GC-MS approach

GU Huiqing, ZHAO Ang, ZHOU Yanfen, LI Jing, FAN Li, WANG Cong, GUO Suhan, WANG Yu, ZHANG Qi, MA Bo

2017, 22(7):  721-730. 

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AIM: To explore the protential biomarkers and the mechanism of asthenospermia induced by tripterygium glycosides (TG) and ornidazole (ONZ), respectively, relying on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS)-based metabolomics.  METHODS: Wistar rats were orally administrated with TG(40 mg·kg-1·d-1) and ONZ (400 mg·kg-1·d-1) for 30 days, respectively. Serum and epididymal fluid samples were collected every two weeks. A metabolomic approach based on GC-MS was employed to identify endogenous metabolites in serum and epididymal fluid samples, respectively. Data acquired were further evaluated by multivariate statistical analysis and a partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) was applied to finding potential biomarkers.RESULTS:PLS-DA clearly profiled a time-dependent alternation of metabolic phenotype of serum and epididymal fluid samples. The clear classifications between the normal and TG group, the normal and ONZ group as well as TG group and ONZ group were achieved. And some significant metabolites were successfully filtered. The levels of lysine, threonine and some other amino acids in serum were higher in the TG-treated rats than those in the normal rats. In the ONZ-treated rats, concentrations of amino acids in serum were declined. In addition, the level of butanedioic acid was increased in epididymal fluid of TG-treated rats, while the levels of urea, cholesterol, inositol, etc were varied in an opposite manner. Significant changes were observed in the levels of dihydroxyacetone phosphate and ribulose-5-phosphate in epididymal fluid of ONZ-treated rats, compared with the normal rats. CONCLUSION: The metabolomics technology as a high-efficiency tool can be used to distinguish the difference between TG-induced and ONZ-induced asthenospermia in rats. More importantly, TG-induced and ONZ-induced asthenospermia may have different etiology due to disturbing different endogenous metabolic pathways.

Effect of Fuyuan Huoxue decoction on expression of p-Src and p-Erk in injured sciatic nerve in rats

ZHONG Shuzhi, PEI Dong, CHAO Gao, ZHOU Jing, HONG Zongyuan

2017, 22(7):  731-737. 

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AIM: To study the effect of Fuyuan Huoxue decoction on sciatic nerve regeneration in sciatic nerve injury rat model and its molecular mechanisms.  METHODS: The right sciatic nerves of sixty Sprague Dawley rats were performed with transection anastomosis, and the rats were randomly divided into three groups: sciatic nerve transection anastomosis model group (Model), Fuyuan Huoxue decoction treatment group (FHD) and mecobalamine treatment group (MB), with twenty rats in each group postoperatively. The rats of the FHD group were fed with FHD (ig, 9 g·kg-1·d-1) for two to eight weeks, the rats of the MB group were fed with mecobalamine (ig, 6.25×10-4 g·kg-1·d-1) and the rats of the model group were fed with equivalent solvent (ig) daily. The right sciatic nerves of another twenty rats in the sham group were exposed without any treatment and then the wounds were closed. The serum IL-1β and TNF-α level of the rats were detected with ELISA method after three days of administration; the sciatic nerves functional index was investigated after two, four and eight weeks of the treatment, respectively; the mRNA expression of IL-1β and TNF-α and the proteins expression of the p-Src, p-Erk1/2 of the nervous tissue 2 cm up and down anastomotic stoma were analyzed with RT-PCR and Western blot method; the pathological changes of the sciatic nerve and its innervated muscle were observed after eight weeks of the treatment. RESULTS:FHD and mecobalamine could significantly improve the sciatic nerves functional index, facilitated the nerve fibers growth, increased the diameter and cross-sectional area of the gastrocnemius muscle fiber markedly (P<0.01); FHD decreased the serum IL-1β and TNF-α level, lowed the IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA expression (P<0.01), the p-Src and p-Erk1/2 expression (P<0.01) of the nervous tissue 2 cm up and down anastomotic stoma. CONCLUSION: FHD can promote the sciatic nerve regeneration after the transection anastomosis, and the mechanism might be related to reducing inflammatory reaction, and inhibition of the Src and Erk1/2 phosphorylation in the rat sciatic nerve anastomosis.

Curcumin alleviate intrapulmonary inflammation in rat experimental hepatopulmonary syndrome

LI Xujiong, LIU An, CHEN Yunxia, LI Shufen

2017, 22(7):  738-742. 

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AIM: To evaluate the protective effect of curcumin in an experimental model of hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS)  induced by bile duct ligation in rats.  METHODS: One week after surgery, curcumin (50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1) was administered intragastrically for two weeks. Arterial blood gas analysis was performed. Plasma TNF-α and ALT level was measured. Pathological change in rat lung tissue and liver tissue were observed through HE staining. CD68, TNF-α and NF-κB P-65 were detected by immunofluorescence, and IκBα/p-IκBα was assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Curcumin alleviated lung tissue and pulmonary intravascular monocyte accumulation and significantly decreased AaPO. Also, pulmonary TNF-α level and lung tissue NF-κB activity were reduced. CONCLUSION: Curcumin can protect HPS rat from pulmonary inflammation injury. The mechanism may be related with anti-inflammation by inhibition of TNF-α/NF-κB.

D-4F enhances sevoflurane-induced vascular protection during acute hyperglycemia

LIU Ruohai, LU Yuanyuan, LI Liling, SHEN Lulu, CAO Hong, LI Jun, LI Xu

2017, 22(7):  743-748. 

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AIM: To investigate the effects of sevoflurane-induced vascular protection by apolipoprotein A-1 mimetic D-4F during acute hyperglycemia.  METHODS:Thrty-two male C57BL/6J mice were randomly assigned to 4 groups (n=8). Control group(CON group), D-4Fgroup, acute hyperglycemia group(AHG group), dextrose 2 g/kg (intraperitoneal injection); AHG+D-4F group. Blood glucose, isometric aortic tension, nitric oxide (NO) were measured in mice in the absence or presence of sevoflurane（1.71%）. Expressions of eNOS，p-eNOS，Cav-1 in arterioles were determined by Western blot.Superoxide generation species (ROS) were assessed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) cultured in 5.5 or 20.0 mmol/L glucose with isoflurane (0.5 mmol/L) in the presence or absence of brefeldin A (BFA, 4 μg/mL) or D-4F (0.5 μg/mL). RESULTS: Vasodilation, phosphorylations, NO production of eNOS were decreased while Cav-1 expression was increased during acute hyperglycemia. D-4F increased endothelium-dependent vasodilation (P<0.01) while decreased Cav-1 expression and ROS production in HG+D-4F group after sevoflurane-induction.CONCLUSION: Polipoprotein A-1 mimetic D-4F can enhance sevoflurane-induced vascular protection, decrease Cav-1 expression and ROS production while increase NO production during acute hyperglycemia.

Effect of baicalin on airway remodeling of bronchial asthma

HAN Chao, YANG Liu, ZHANG Qiuling, PAN Jinqiang, XU Jun

2017, 22(7):  749-754. 

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AIM: To explore the effect and mechanism of baicalin on the airway remodeling of bronchial asthma.  METHODS: Animal models of airway remodeling in asthmatic rats were induced by egg albumen (OVA). After the treatment of Baicalin, expressions of TGF-β1, p-ERK1/2 and α-SMA in the lung tissue of rats were detected by immunohistochemical method, and the level of p-ERK1/2 mRNA in the airway smooth muscle (ASM) was detected by RT-PCR. RESULTS:Expressions of p-ERK1/2, α-SMA and TGF-β1 were significantly increased in the model group, which were all higher than those of dexamethasone group, baicalin high dose group and low dose group (P<0.05 or P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Baicalin can decrease the expression of TGF-β1, α-SMA, affect the ERK signal pathways, down regulate the content of p-ERK1/2 mRNA , thereby reducing airway inflammation and delaying airway remodeling.

Effect of volatile oil of the angelica combined with carboplatin on the proliferation and apoptosis of human lung adenocarcinoma cell A549

ZHANG Yanxia, ZHANG Zhengshun, CHEN Shaoyi, KONG Xueli, ZHOU Jiawei

2017, 22(7):  755-761. 

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AIM: To investigate the cytotoxic effect and apoptosis of volatile oil of the angelica on human lung adenocarcinoma cell A549 combined with carboplatin. METHODS: Use the MTT colorimetric method to investigate cytotoxicity effect of volatile oil of the angelica alone or combined with carboplatin to human lung adenocarcionma cell A549; Use flow cytometry（FCM）analysis the cell apoptosis. Observe the cell apoptosis by AO/BE fluorescent staining method. RESULTS: The A549 cell was inhibited by volatile oil of the angelica alone or combined with carboplatin in a concentration-dependent manner, and compared with use volatile oil of the angelica alone, the IC50 descend in drug combination group. Results of flow cytometry indicates that, volatile oil of the angelica alone or combined with carboplatin, could induce apoptosis and necrosis of A549 cell, and compared with use volatile oil of the angelica alone, the rate of apoptosis and necrosis all rise in drug combination group. The results of AO/BE fluorescent staining method displayed that, the rate of apoptosis and necrosis were all raised in drug combination group. CONCLUSION: Volatile oil of the angelica had depressant effect on the generation of A549 cell, there is a synergistic cytotoxic effect on A549 cells treated with volatile oil of the angelica combined with carboplatin. The mechanism is probably that it can induce apoptosis of A549 cell.

Naringin inhibits the growth of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells through down-regulating p70S6K

GAO Zhongyuan, SUN Geng, LI Min, CHEN Xi, LI Ping, WANG Xuerong

2017, 22(7):  762-766. 

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AIM: To study the effect of naringin on the growth of non-small cell lung carcinoma cells (NSCLC) and its mechanism. METHODS: SRB method was employed to investigate the inhibitory effect of naringin on the growth of non-small cell lung carcinoma cell lines. Western blot was used to detect the p70S6K expression. The plasmid encoding full length p70S6K was transfected to over-express p70S6K. The small-interfering RNA was used to knockdown p70S6K expression. RESULTS:Naringin inhibited the growth of NSCLC cells, and down-regulated the expression of p70S6K. The over-expression of p70S6K partially abrogated the inhibitory effect of naringin, while knockdown of p70S6K enhanced the effect of naringin. CONCLUSION: Naringin can down-regulate the p70S6K to inhibit the growth of NSCLC cells.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of meropene administered by traditional prolonged infusion or optimized prolonged infusion in different tissues of septic rats

WU Yonglei, WANG Dan, ZHANG Suiyang, WANG Ying, SUN Qin

2017, 22(7):  767-774. 

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AIM: To study the pharmacokinetics of meropenem infused through different methods in varied parts of septic rats by microdialysis and to evaluate the pharmacodynamics of the two different infusion methods using of Monte Carlo simulation. METHODS: Twelve male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups (traditional prolonged infusion vs. the optimized prolonged infusion, n=6) for the pharmacokinetics study. Microdialysis probes were inserted into the jugular vein, hind leg muscle, subcutaneous adipose tissue and lung. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated by non-compartmental analysis. Monte Carlo simulations(10 000 rats) were performed to calculate 40％fT>MIC and the probability of target attainment (PTA) at different MICs，then to compare the effect of two infusion models. RESULTS: The tissue distribution factors (AUCtissue(0 to 6 h)/AUCplasma(0 to 6 h) ratio) of the two groups were both less than 1 for lung, muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue relative to plasma; the Tmaxs in plasma, lung, muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue had statistically difference between the optimized prolonged infusion group and the traditional prolonged infusion method group; at different MICs, using the optimized prolonged infusion method, the PTA values of the 40%fT>MIC for the free meropenem in different tissues were higher than using the traditional prolonged infusion method. CONCLUSION: Using total plasma concentrations can overestimate the antibacterial activity of the drug and therefore its clinical efficacy. According to the pharmacokinetic of meropenem in the target infected tissues is more reasonable than plasma to guide the meropenem dosing regimen. Optimized prolonged infusion method is likely more reasonable than traditional prolonged infusion method.

Effect of etomidate on excitatory synaptic transmission efficacy in rat hippocampus

WEI Huiming, LIU Chao, YANG Yunli

2017, 22(7):  775-778. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect of etomidate on excitatory synaptic transmission efficacy in stratum radiatum of CA1 area of rat hippocampus and the underlying mechanism.  METHODS: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=6 each): control group, bicuculline group, etomidate group and etomidate + bicuculline group. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal (IP) pentobarbital 50 mg/kg. The stimulating and recording electrodes were inserted into the stratum radiatum of CA1 area of the hippocampus. The paired pulse stimulation with the interval 30 ms between the 2 pulse stimulation was used. Excitatory post-synaptic potential (EPSP) was elicited in vivo before (baseline) and after IP bicuculline (2 mg/kg) or/and etomidate (10 mg/kg) administration. The EPSP2/EPSP1 (E2/E1) ratio was recorded during paired pulse stimulation.RESULTS:Compared with control group, the E1 amplitude was significantly decreased in etomidate group (P<0.05), but no significant change was found in bicuculline group and etomidate + bicuculline group (P>0.05). Compared with control group, E2 and E2/E1 ratio were significantly increased in bicuculline group, while significantly decreased in etomidate group (P<0.05). E2 and E2/E1 ratio were significantly lower in etomidate group and etomidate + bicuculline group than in bicuculline group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that etomidate might depress the excitatory synaptic transmission efficacy in the CA1 area of the rat hippocampus through presynaptic GABA energic inhibitory circuit.

Association study of miR-146a G>C polymorphisms with susceptibility of hepatocellular carcinoma in the Chinese population: a Meta-analysis

LI Yun, LI Bingsheng, ZHANG Weifang, LI Yixiu, LI Chun, PENG Juan, LAI Xin, ZHU Jing, XU Ruilai, XIONG Aizhen

2017, 22(7):  779-786. 

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AIM:This Meta-analysis including only Chinese primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) patients was conducted to assess the associations of miR-146a G>C(rs2910164) with PHC risk.  METHODS: Literatures were researched using PubMed, Cochrane Library, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI) databases to identify relevant studies from the establishment of database to March 2017. Stata software (version 12.0) was used to check odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS: A total of nine published case studies were included in this Meta-analysis, which included 3 937 cases and 5 025 controls. The result suggested SNP was associated with PHC risk in dominant model ［(GG+GC)/CC］［1.26, (1.12-1.41), P=0.00］, recessive model［GG/(GC+CC)］［1.23,(1.12-1.34), P=0.00］and allele model(G/C)［1.17, (1.10-1.25), P=0.00］under random effect and fixed effect. Heterogeneity was found among and within studies. Meta regression indicated that the effect size was positively correlated with sample region in dominant model. Subgroup analysis revealed a significant association of this SNP with PHC risk among studies of people from middle-eastern and western area and people using PCR-RFLP, but no such association was found using Non-PCR-RFLP and in studies of people from southwestern area. Three genotypes presented stable sensitivity and absent publication bias. CONCLUSION: miR-146a G>C is associated with PHC risk in Chinese population, and G allelic increased the PHC risk, this SNP may be a biomarker for PHC occurrence.

Efficacy of reducing phlegm with traditional Chinese medicine on non-small cell lung cancer: a Meta-analysis

RONG Guoyi, WANG Shumei, TANG Mo

2017, 22(7):  787-794. 

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AIM: To systematically evaluate the efficacy of reducing phlegm with traditional Chinese medicine on non-small cell lung cancer. METHODS: We retrieved randomized controlled trials of efficacy of reducing phlegm with traditional Chinese medicine on non-small cell lung cancer from database of CNKI, WANFANG, VIP, PubMed that published since 2000. Three hundred and twenty-four patients treated by reducing phlegm with traditional Chinese medicine and chemotherapy were included in the experimental group; while another 323 patients treated by sole chemotherapy were included in the control group. All patients were selected then according to the including and excluding standard so as to evaluate the quality of literature. Experimental results were analyzed by STATA11.0 statistics software. RESULTS:A  total of 647 cases of non-small cell lung cancer patients were included, with 324 cases in the experimental group and 323 cases in the control group. Phlegm reducing therapy presented elevated effective rate (RR=1.48, 95%CI=1.24 to 1.77, P<0.001); improved life quality (RR=1.92,95%CI=1.51 to 2.45, P<0.001); and better immunity (MD=0.36，95%CI=0.23 to 0.50, P<0.001). CONCLUSION: Compared with conventional medicine, reducing phlegm with traditional Chinese medicine exhibit better effect on non-small cell lung cancer.

Effect of pregabalin combined with Helium-neon laser therapy on pain and sleep of patients with herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia

RUAN Renjie, LIU Qianqian, JIN Huadan, WANG Chongmin

2017, 22(7):  795-798. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect of pregabalin combined with Helium-neon laser therapy on pain and sleep of patients with herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia.  METHODS: Eighty-four patients, diagnosed as postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) were randomly divided into two groups, with 42 cases in each. Patients in the control group received oral administration of pregabalin while the study group was administered extra Helium-neon laser therapy based on the treatment of the control group. Clinical symptoms, visual analogue scale (VAS) score, Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI) score were compared between the two groups.RESULTS:The study group presented better clinical efficacy than the control group（Z=2.660，P<0.05）. After treatment of one week, two weeks, one month, two months and three months, the VAS scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and scores of the study group were significantly lower than those of the control group (t=3.17, 7.27, 12.02, 19.26, 11.79, P<0.05); the PSQI scores of the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P<0.05), and scores of the study group was significantly lower than those of the control group (t=2.71, 3.74, 8.79, 9.60, 9.91, P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Pregabalin combined with Helium-neon laser therapy can significantly improve the clinical patients’ symptoms by relieving pain and improving sleep quality of PHN patients.

Effect of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on serum FGF-23，β2-MG，Cys-C and RBP level in patients with chronic hepatitis B

CHEN Yonghua, CAO Qunfen, HONG Qiongyi, WANG Shumin

2017, 22(7):  799-804. 

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AIM: To study the effect of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate on serum growth factor-23 (FGF-23), beta 2- micro-globulin (β2-MG), cystatin -C (Cys-C) and retinol binding protein (RBP) l level in patients with chronic hepatitis B.  METHODS: Eighty patients with chronic hepatitis B admitted to our hospital from January in 2015 to January 2016 were included as the treatment group, which was given 12 months of treatment of tenofovir (300 mg/time, 1 time/d) . Another forty healthy subjects were selected as the control group. Levels of HBV-DNA, HBV-DNA non-detectable rate, HBeAg negative conversion rate and serum levels of FGF-23, β2-MG, Cys-C and RBP at different time points were observed and compared. RESULTS:Compared with before treatment, the level of HBV-DNA decreased significantly (P<0.05), HBV-DNA non-detectable and the negative rate of HBeAg increased significantly (P<0.05)after treatment; the serum level of FGF-23, β2-MG, Cys-C, and RBP levels were significantly increased than those of the control group (P<0.05) after six-month and twelve-month treatment; the serum concentration of FGF-23 was positively correlated with the level of β2-MG, Cys-C and RBP concentrations (r:0.566, 0.643, 0.604, P<0.05) , β2-MG, Cys-C and RBP index also showed positive correlation (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, group of abnormal FGF-23, β2-MG, Cys-C and RBP presented statistical significance regarding level of BNU, Ccr, GFR, P(t=5.581，6.947，3.330，4.921, P<0.05), yet no significant difference of Scr was observed (P>0.05).CONCLUSION:Tenofovir can increase the levels of FGF-23, β2-MG, Cys-C and RBP of patients with chronic hepatitis B. Monitoring these indicators can be referential for adjusting treatment to prevent or reduce the occurrence of renal insufficiency and low phosphorus bone disease.

Effect of Changningfang enema combined with mesalazine on inflammatory factors and coagulation function in patients with ulcerative proctitis

HE Yaqin, HE Qunfeng, ZHAO Yuwen, GUO Lixin

2017, 22(7):  805-809. 

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AIM: To study the effect of Changningfang enema combined with mesalazine on inflammatory factors and coagulation function in patients with ulcerative proctitis (UP), and to explore the clinical value of combined therapy.  METHODS: One hundred and seventy four patients with UP were enrolled in this study from September 2014 to July 2016. The patients were divided into observation group and control group by random number table method. The patients in the control group were treated with mesalazine, and the patients in the observation group were treated with enteric-enema according to the control group. Inflammatory factors, coagulation functions and clinical efficacy of the two groups were detected before and after treatment. RESULTS:After treatment, TNF-α, IL-8 and HMBG1 levels were significantly decreased in both groups,while IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly increased (P<0.05), and TNF-α, IL-4 and IL-10 were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The levels of D-dimer, PT, APTT, FIB and PLT in the two groups were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). The effective rate of the observation group was 87.36%. The effective rate of treatment was 66.67%, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Intestinal enema combined with mesalazine treatment of UP can significantly inhibit the symptoms of patients with inflammation, improve its blood hypercoagulable state,and the clinical effect is satisfactory.

Protective effect of Shenfu injection on cardiac muscle and liver and renal function in patients with cardiopulmonary resuscitation

SUN Zhizhong, FANG Yixin, HUANG Haijun, WANG Mudan, XU Jiefeng

2017, 22(7):  810-813. 

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AIM: To investigate the protective effect of Shenfu injection on cardiac muscle and liver and renal function in patients with cardiopulmonary resuscitation.  METHODS: Sixty cases of cardiopulmonary resuscitation were divided into study group and control group (n=30). The control group was given conventional symptomatic treatment, on the basis of which, the study group was given the Shenfu injection in the meantime of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Cardiac function indexes (CK-MB, cTnI), liver and kidney function indexes (ALT, Cr), the levels of inflammatory factors (hs-CRP, TNF-α) were compared 0 hour, 24 hours and 48 hours after the resuscitation.RESULTS:After the resuscitation, levels of CK-MB, cTnI, ALT, Cr, hs-CRP, TNF-α were significantly increased in both groups (P<0.05). While the increase of these parameters in the study group was significantly lower than those in the control group at 24 hours and 48 hours after cardiopulmonary resuscitation. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The mortality rate (36.67%) of the study group was significantly lower than that of the control group (70%) (χ2=5.406, P<0.05). CONCLUSION:Shenfu injection exerts protective effect on cardiac muscle and liver and renal function in patients with acute cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and can significantly improve the prognosis of patients with acute cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Effect of rhBNP on chronic systolic heart failure combined with diuretic resistance and concentration of TNF-α and NPY

LIU Yu, ZHANG Ying, WANG Ancai

2017, 22(7):  814-820. 

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AIM: To investigate the effect of recombinant human brain natriuretic peptide (rhBNP) on chronic systolic heart failure combined diuretic resistance, and to observe the change of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and neuro-peptide-Y (NPY) level of these patients.  METHODS: Sixty patients of chronic systolic heart failure combined with diuretic resistance were enrolled and were randomized into the control group and the observation group (n=30). Conventional anti-heart failure treatment, including oxygen uptake, diureses, cardiotonic, myocardial nutrition was administered to all patients while patients in the observation group received extra rhBNP treatment. Clinical symptoms and urine volume were observed before treatment and 1d and 3d after. The serum BNP, TNF-α and NPY as well as the ejection fraction (EF) and left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) were measured before treatment and 7 d after. Six minutes walk test (6MWT) was recommended to all patients so as to evaluate the heart function. RESULTS: Compared with the control group, the dyspnea improvement rates at day 1 (80% vs. 67%) and day 3 (90% vs.80%) were significantly improved (P<0.05); so were the lung crakles improvement rates at day 1 (90% vs. 63%) and day 3 (97% vs. 90%) (P<0.05) and the edema of lower extremity improvement rates at day 1 (77% vs. 60%) and day 3 (90% vs. 77%).Urine volume of the both group were significantly increased after treatment, while those (1 367±198) mL (day 1) , (1 528±389) mL (day 3) of the observation group presented more significant change than the control group (1 040±139) mL (day 1), (1 096±222) mL (day 3) (P<0.05).The scores of 6MWT［(201±52) m］ and difference value of LVEF［(15.8±10.5)%］ before and after treatment were significantly higher than those ［(162±66) m］,［(2.2±6.7) mm］ of the control group (P<0.05), while LVEDD of the both group［(3.5±8.2)% ］ vs. ［(8.2±6.2)%］ presented no significant difference (P>0.05). BNP ［(725.1±258.3) pg/mL vs. (231.8±289.2) pg/mL］, TNF-α［(15.8±9.2) pg/mL vs. (10.1±6.4) pg/mL］ and NPY［(150.0±30.3) pg/mL vs. (75.9±28.3) pg/mL］ were all decreased after treatment (P<0.05), while decrease of the observation group was more significant (P<0.05)CONCLUSION:rhBNP can alleviate the symptoms of chronic systolic heart failure combined with diuretic resistance; the mechanism may be related to  down-regulating serum TNF-α and NPY.

Effect of Xingnaojing injection on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in patients with acute cerebral infarction

CHEN Yanbin, DENG Shanshan

2017, 22(7):  821-824. 

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 AIM: To investigate the effect of Xingnaojing injection on ischemic stroke patients and its impact on the level of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-lα).  METHODS: Sixty-eight cases of ischemic stroke patients were randomly divided into treatment group (n=35) and control group (n=33). Both groups were given regular treatment for 10 days. Patients of treatment group were given additional Xingnaojing injection.  Evaluation of National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score and detection of serum HIF-lα level were performed before treatment, 3 days and 10 days after the treatment. RESULTS: After treatment, NIHSS scores of treatment group on day 3 and day 10 and those of control group on day 10 were statistically lower than those before treatment（P<0.05),  the treatment group decreased more significantly (P<0.05). Serum HIF-lα level of both groups on day 3 and day 10 were statistically lower as compared to those before treatment（P<0.05）, the control group decreased more significantly（P<0.05）. Pearson correlation analysis showed that the level of HIF-lα was positively correlated with the decreasing of NIHSS(P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Xingnaojing injection can protect and improve ischemic brain tissues by promoting serum HIF-lα level.

Advances in effects of tyrosine kinase inhibitors on QT interval and its clinical significance

YUAN Dian, YU Guo, WANG Daxin

2017, 22(7):  825-830. 

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Tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are typically used as novel anti-tumor drugs, which have been widely applied to clinical treatments in recent years. Clinical trials have demonstrated that these drugs are effective in the treatment of various cancers. TKIs have also been reported to affect the QT interval, but the effects are not the same in different drug treatments. Therefore, each TKI has different warnings,precautions, and monitoring indicator. Some of TKIs can cause severe QT interval prolongation and even sudden death, so we need to adjust the dose according to the individual patient's QT interval. In this paper, we reviewed the related literature and the FDA drug instructions, and analyzed the clinical trials focusing the effects of listed TKIs on QT interval and dosage adjustment. The risks of such drugs have been better understood via the summary of the previous experimental results, and it would play a guiding role to TKIs clinical treatments.

Research on the inhibition of Treg cells on MMP-9 in rheumatoid arthritis with acute cerebral ischemia

SHEN Chen, LI Yunman, XIA Nian, XU Dan, HAN Dan, CHEN Shijie

2017, 22(7):  831-840. 

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Recent studies have found that patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are more likely to suffer from acute cerebral ischemia and other cardiovascular diseases than healthy people. RA further aggravated the development of acute cerebral ischemia. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) may degrade the extracellular matrix, the damage of blood-brain barrier, the infiltration of inflammatory cells and pro-inflammatory cytokine. MMP-9 helps to build the series-wound amplifiers of inflammatory cascade reaction after cerebral ischemia. Treg cells can inhibit MMP-9 activity through multiple pathways to control acute cerebral ischemia and alleviate the symptoms of RA. First, Treg cells inhibit the activity of MMP-9 by blocking NF-κB pathway; Second, Treg cells can inhibit MMP-9 by regulating the expression of TGF-β1 and TNF-α; Third, Treg cells transform the polarization type of microglia/macrophage activated by acute cerebral ischemia to prevent MMP-9's secretion and the reinforce the immune tolerance of M2 microglia/macrophages; Fourth, Treg cells release anti-inflammatory cytokines to antagonize Th17 cells, to regulate immune balance and to alleviate inflammation induced by RA with acute cerebral ischemia. This article reviewed the therapeutic effects of Treg cells in treating RA with acute cerebral ischemia by inhibiting the activity of MMP-9 in hope of providing a reference for the effective treatment and research of RA with acute cerebral ischemia.