Table of Content

Volume 22 Issue 6
26 June 2017

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Effect of allicin on apoptosis and Pink1/Parkin signal path of cardiomyocyte in db/db mice

JING Zhe, LIU Fengzhou, GUO Wenyun, JIAO Piqi, CHEN Yongqing

2017, 22(6):  601-605. 

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AIM: To observe the effect of allicin on apoptosis and Pink1/Parkin signal path of cardiomyocyte in db/db mice.  METHODS: Diabetes models were randomly divided into diabetes model group and allicin group. After 21 days of injection, all mice were sacrificed and samples were gathered. Cell apoptosis was analyzed using TUNEL. The mRNA and protein expression level of Pink1, Parkin and Mfn1 were detected by qRT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS: Severe cardiomyocyte apoptosis, lower expression of Parkin, and higher expression of Mfn1 were observed in diabetes model group, while in allicin group, such changes were improved. CONCLUSION:A llicin can effectively restrain cardiomyocyte apoptosis and protect cardiomyocyte by activating Pink1/Parkin signal path.

Effect and mechanism of total flavones of rhododendra on membrane hyperpolarization in rat hippocampal neurons and EA.hy926 cells

ZHANG Jie, CHEN Zhiwu

2017, 22(6):  606-610. 

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AIM: To observe the effect and mechanism of total flavones of rhododendra (TFR) on membrane hyperpolarization in rat hippocampal neurons and EA.hy926 vascular endothelial cells.  METHODS: Rat hippocampal neurons and EA.hy926 cells were cultured in vitro; the changes in fluorescence intensity of endothelial cells and rat neurons were measured by DiBAC4(3) fluorescent dyes through the calcium ion imaging system with the excitation wavelength of 488 nm to reflect the membrane potential.RESULTS:Compared with control group, TFR (270 mg/L and 810 mg/L) could markedly reduce intensity of fluorescence in EA.hy926 cells, and the effect could be inhibited by BKCa specific inhibitor IbTX, the co-application of IKCa inhibitor ChTX and SKCa inhibitor apamin, while DL-propargylglycine（PPG） couldn't;Compared with Control group, TFR (270 mg/L and 810 mg/L) could obviously reduce the intensity of fluorescence in rat hippocampal neurons and this effect could also be blocked by IbTX.CONCLUSION: TFR can cause membrane hyperpolarization in EA.hy926 cells and rat hippocampal neurons; the possible mechanism is related to activating KCa channels.

Effect of total glucosides of paeony regulate HMGB1, RAGE pathway on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in rats

YANG Yilin, ZHENG Linying, GU Weiming, PAN Jingqiang, WU Xin，LI Yaojun

2017, 22(6):  611-616. 

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AIM: To observe the regulatory effect of total glucosides of paeony (TGP) on the HMGB1 and RAGE pathway (NAFLD) in rats with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.  METHODS: High fat and high fructose diet were administered to induce NAFLD rat models. The model rats were randomly divided into NAFLD group, TGP high (200 mg·kg-1·d-1) and low dose group (100 mg·kg-1·d-1), Metformin group (200 mg·kg-1·d-1), Silybin group (200 mg·kg-1·d-1), and another blank control group was established. the rats total Cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG), free fatty acid (FFA), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate amino shifting enzyme (AST), fasting blood glucose (FBG), postprandial 2 hours blood glucose (2 hBG), insulin (fins) were observed 6 weeks after medication, and the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR) and liver index were thence calculated. Western blot was applied to detect the high mobility group protein 1 (HMGB1) and the receptor of advanced glycation end products (RAGE) protein in liver tissue. RESULTS:Compared with model group, the contents of 2 hBG, fins, HOMA-IR, LDL-C, TC, TG, FFA, ALT, AST, GST were decreased in high and low dose TGP groups（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. High and low dose of TGP groups presented fair effect in antagonizing insulin resistance, lowering lipid and blood glucose as well as improving liver function. Also, TGP high and low dose group can down-regulate the expressions of HMGB1 (P<0.01) and RAGE (P<0.05 ) proteins. CONCLUSION: TGP can improve the metabolism of glucose and lipid, antagonize the insulin resistance, enhance the insulin sensitivity and improve the role of liver function in NAFLD rats through inhibition of HMGB1, RAGE signaling pathway.

Expression and significance of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in DRG neurons of rats with endometriosis

LIU Jiangang, WANG Xiaobo

2017, 22(6):  617-621. 

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AIM: To investigate the expression and significance of transient receptor potential channel protein V1 (TRPV1) and transient receptor potential channel protein A1 (TRPA1) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in rats with endometriosis. METHODS: Female, mature unmated Sprague-Dawley healthy 40 rats were divided into model group and sham operation group. Model group underwent autologous transplantation methods to establish the rat model of endometriosis, while the sham operation group underwent open surgery. The expressions of DRG TRPV1 and TRPA1 were detected. And the hot plate pain threshold and tail flick latency change of rats were observed. RESULTS:The positive expression rates of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the model group were significantly higher than those in the sham operation group (P<0.05). Before the operation, hot plate pain threshold and tail flick latency of two groups were similar (P>0.05); after the operation, the hot plate pain threshold and tail flick latency of rats in the model group decreased significantly (P<0.05), and were significantly less than those in the sham operation group (P<0.05). Before the TRPV1, TRPA1 antagonists treatment, the hot plate pain threshdd and tail flick latency were similar in the two groups (P>0.05), and after the antagonists treatment, the results were the same. In the model group, before and after the use of TRPV1, TRPA1 antagonist, hot plate pain threshold, tail flick latency had no significant change (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: TRPV1 and TRPA1 are highly expressed in the rat model of endometriosis, and the expression of TRPV1 and TRPA1 in the rat model of endometriosis can be decreased by using TRPV1 and TRPA1 antagonist, and the sensitivity to pain is decreased.

Mechanism of human urotensin II on myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

WANG Rongjun, DING Bo

2017, 22(6):  622-626. 

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AIM: To investigate the mechanism of human urotensin II (hUII) against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. METHODS: On the ligation of anterior decending branch of left coronery artery model, changes of electrocardiogram (ECG) were observed, myocardial infarction volume and inducible nitric oxide synthesis (iNOS) mRNA in myocardial tissue were measured. RESULTS:0.47, 1.4 and 4.2 μg/kg hUⅡ obviously inhibited ECG ST segment elevation and myocardial infarction volume in ischemia-reperfusion injured rats; 4.2 μg/kg hUII significantly improved changes of ultrastructure in myocardial cells and increased the expression of iNOS mRNA in myocardium in rats subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion; UT receptor antagonist urantide (10 nmol/kg) significantly antagonized inhibitory effects of hUII 1.4 and 4.2 μg/kg for ECG ST segment elevation and myocardial infarction. CONCLUSION: Mechanism of hUII against myocardial ischemic injury in rats is related to activation of UT receptor and promotion of nitric oxide production.

Inhibitory effect of HLX1 on proliferation and invasion of acute myeloid leukemia cell

SHEN Jian, LIN Yingchao, ZHU Xiayin

2017, 22(6):  627-632. 

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AIM: To explore the effect of HLX1 on the proliferation and invasion ability in acute myeloid leukemia cell U937. METHODS: The HLX1 mRNA-targeting siRNA was transfected to U937 cells, the mRNA and protein expression of HLX1 were assessed by RT-PCR and Western blot, respectively. MTT assay and Transwell chamber assay were used to observe the proliferation and invasion ability of U937 cell after being transfected with HLX1 mRNA-targeting siRNA. RESULTS:Compared with the control group, HLX1 siRNA transfection reduced the level of HLX1 mRNA in U937 cells after 24 h, the inhibition rate was (70.0±2.7)% (P<0.01)； HLX1 siRNA transfection also reduced the expression of HLX1 protein in U937 cells after 48 h, the inhibition rate was (81.0±3.1)% (P<0.01); HLX1 transfection group cell proliferation was inhibited significantly (P<0.01); The invasion cells of HLX1 siRNA(22.0±2.3) were significantly lower than that of control group(66.0±5.0)(P<0.01), the expression of PAK1 protein was decreased in HLX1 transfection group(P<0.01). CONCLUSION: SiRNA can significantly inhibit the proliferation and invasion of acute myeloid leukemia cell by down-regulating the expression of HLX1.

Effects of emodin on T helper cell subsets of experimental autoimmune thyroiditis mice

WU Keren, YE Zhipeng, JIN Fa, FANG Rong, XU Tao, LI Ning

2017, 22(6):  633-639. 

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AIM: To investigate the protective effect of emodin on thyroid in experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) mice, and its mechanism.  METHODS: EAT animal model was induced by iodine on non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice. Four weeks after modeling, experimental groups were treated with emodin with different doses. The TgAb level in plasma and thyroid inflammation were detected eight weeks after modeling to evaluate the protective effect of emodin on EAT mice. T cell subset in peripheral blood and spleen were detected by flow cytometry. IL-4 and IFN-γ were measured by ELISA method. RESULTS:（1）The histopathological study revealed that inflammatory infiltration in thyroid was significant reduced compared with control group (P<0.01).（2）Levels of plasma TgAb were significant increased in each group after modeling, and the increasing amplitudes in emodin treated groups were significantly less than that in model group (P<0.01). （3）After modeling, levels of plasma IL-4, IFN-γ and the cell frequencies of CD+3 CD+ 4IL-4+,CD+ 3CD+4IFN-γ+ ,CD+3CD+8IL-4+ and CD+ 3CD+8IFN-γ+ T cells in peripheral blood monocyte and splenic lymphocyte were significant increased in each group compared with the control group (P<0.01). While the increasing amplitudes in emodin treated groups were less than that in model group. CONCLUSION: The EAT model is viable through an excessive iodine-induced method in NOD mice, and emodin shows a certain inhibitory effect on autoimmune response in EAT mice. This inhibitory effect could be performed by inhibiting the secretion of IFN-γ and IL-4 in CD+ 4 and CD+ 8T cells, and thereby inhibiting the autoimmune response in EAT mice.

Mechanism of the inhibition of apoptosis by survivin during high fluence low-power laser irradiation-induced apoptosis

CHU Jiru, SHEN Jie

2017, 22(6):  640-644. 

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AIM: Recent years,some studies showed that high fluence low-power laser irradiation (HF-LPLI) can induce apoptosis whereas whether survivin plays an important role in this process and its regulation mechanism is not clear.This article mainly studies the distribution of survivin in nuclear and cytoplasm and the change of expression of survivin under the HF-LPLI treatment.  METHODS: The research real-time monitors the dynamic process of survivin under the HF-LPLI treatment with the GFP-survivin in ASTC-α-1 cells. RESULTS: The results showed that survivin translocated to nuclear at 3 hours and the expression quantity of survivin advances with time by LPLI(240 J/cm²). CONCLUSION: The results implicated that survivin may be regulated by HF-LPLI and regulates some cell signaling proteins,for instance,p53,Akt.The further study will explore that survivin regulate the precise transcription factors and the regulation mechanism.

Effect of resveratrol on the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats

YU Qinyun, SU Xiaogong, BAO Qiying, CHEN Xiaoyan

2017, 22(6):  645-649. 

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AIM: To study the effect of resveratrol  (RES) on the expression of Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway in ovariectomized osteoporosis rats, and to investigate the protective effect and its possible mechanism.  METHODS: Sixty female SPF rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (Sham, n=12) and ovariectomized group (OVX, n=48). Ovariectomy was performed to establish the ostoporotie model. The bone density (BMD) was detected after 12 weeks to assure the successful modeling. OVX group were thus randomly divided into OVX group, resveratrol low (RES-L, 5 mg·kg-1·d-1), resveratrol middle (RES-M, 15 mg·kg-1·d-1) and high dose group (RES-H, 45 mg·kg-1·d-1), with twelve rats in each group receiving gavage, while the sham operation group and model group were given normal saline of the same dose. Drug intervention was performed once a day and lasted for 12 weeks. Levels of serum progesterone (P) and estradiol (E2) and expression of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were detected by ELISA method; BMD was measured; Expression of β-Catenin, glycogen synthasc kinase-3β (GSK-3β), low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) and Runx2 mRNA was detected by RT- PCR method. RESULTS:The BMD of OVX group was significantly lower than that of the Sham group (P<0.05), which suggested successful modeling; after drug intervention for 12 weeks, BMD of the OVX group decreased significantly (P<0.05), while that of the RES groups increased significantly compared with Sham group; compared with the OVX group, the expression of BMD, β-Catenin, LRP5 and Runx2 mRNA in RES groups increased significantly (P<0.05); the expression of GSK-3β mRNA decreased significantly(P<0.05).CONCLUSION: Res can significantly improve the BMD of ovariectomized rats, and the mechanism is related with up-regulating the Wnt/β-Catenin signaling pathway.

Effect of oligomeric proantho cyanidins on learning and memory and CREB expression of Alzheimer disease rats

ZHOU Shuimei, QU Wei, YAO Jianbiao, XU Lu

2017, 22(6):  650-653. 

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Expression of UTP23 gene in epithelial ovarian cancer paclitaxel resistant cells and its effect on paclitaxel resistance to chemotherapy

TONG Yuehong, SHAO Mingjun, HU Min, HU Meixu, ZHANG Lin, ZHU Pengfei

2017, 22(6):  654-658. 

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AIM: To investigate the expression of UTP23 gene in epithelial ovarian cancer paclitaxel resistant cells and its effect on the resistance to paclitaxel chemotherapy.  METHODS: The reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were used to detect the expression level of UTP23, P-gp, MDR1 mRNA in epithelial ovarian cancer paclitaxel resistant cells; specific UTP23-siRNA was used to transfect epithelial ovarian cancer paclitaxel resistant cells; the expression of UTP23 gene after transfection was detected by RT-PCR and Western blot method; the effect of UTP23-iRNA on the growth of epithelial ovarian cancer paclitaxel resistant cells and drug resistance were detected by MTT method. RESULTS:The expression level of UTP23 gene mRNA in the resistant group was significantly lower than that in the sensitive group (P<0.05); the expression levels of P-gp mRNA and MDR1 mRNA in the resistant group were significantly higher than those in the sensitive group (P<0.05); compared with the non transfection group and the negative control group, the levels of UTP23 mRNA in the transfection group were significantly increased (P<0.05); compared with the negative control group, there was no significant difference of the level of UTP23 mRNA and protein level in the non transfection group (P>0.05); compared with the non transfection group and the negative control group, the expression levels of P-gp mRNA and MDR1 mRNA were significantly decreased in the transfection group (P<0.05); compared with the negative control group, there was no significant difference of the expression level of P-gp and MDR1 in mRNA in the transfection group (P>0.05); Paclitaxel on UTP23-siRNA after transfection, the concentration of IC50 in epithelial ovarian cancer resistant cell in the transfection group was significantly higher than those of the non transfection group and negative control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION:The expression level of UTP23 gene in epithelial ovarian cancer paclitaxel resistant cells is low; it may be involved in the resistance of paclitaxel cells to paclitaxel in epithelial ovarian cancer by indirectly regulating the expression of MDR1 and P-gp.

Relevance of plasma distribution of microRNA-148a in Chinese population and hyperlipidemia

LI Xi, JIN Gaofeng, LIU Zhijun, LI Xinhua, LIU Mingyi, ZHANG Hong, XIONG Yuqing

2017, 22(6):  659-663. 

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AIM:To detect the distribution of miR-148a level in Chinese people's plasma, and to explore the different expression level of miR-148a in plasma between healthy subjects and hyperlipidemia patients.   METHODS: According to the clinical trial scheme, plasma samples of 52 patients with hyperlipidemia and 77 cases of healthy subjects were collected. RT-qPCR was used to determine the expression of miR-148a level. Shapiro-Wilk test as a way of normality test to the experimental data. Two independent sample t-test or one-way ANOVA was used to analyze the difference between groups. RESULTS:129 cases of subjects were quartile grouped by miR-148a level, and the △Ct of miR-148a were 1.65±0.80，3.91±0.64，5.68±0.61 and 8.21±1.16, respectively. The difference between groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). Whereas, the △Ct of miR-148a of the healthy subjects group and patients with hyperlipidemia group were 4.81±2.75 and 4.84±2.26, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).CONCLUSION: The expression of miR-148a in Chinese people's plasma is normally distributed, and the difference between four groups is statistically significant. There is no difference between healthy subjects group and patients with hyperlipidemia group, suggesting that miR-148a may not relate to hyperlipidemia.

Efficacy of tandospirone in treating functional dyspepsia accompanied by anxiety and depression and its influence on quality of life

GONG Xiaobing, LI Shuzhen, HUANG Yesheng, MA Yan, LIU Yonggang, JIANG Yabin, YANG Jianquan

2017, 22(6):  664-667. 

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AIM: To observe the clinical efficacy of tandospirone in the treatment of functional dyspepsia (FD) accompanied by anxiety and depression and its influence on quality of life.  METHODS: Ninety-eight cases with FD accompanied by anxiety and depression were randomly divided into treatment group and control group (n=49). Patients of control group were treated with oral pantoprazole and mosapride. On the basis of control group, the treatment group was given oral tandospirone for four weeks. The therapeutic effect and adverse effects were observed and compared in both groups. RESULTS: Compared with before treatment, the scores of FD symptoms, Hamilton Rating Scale for Despression (HAMD) and Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) in treatment group decreaed significantly after treatment, while the score of Functional Digestive Disorders Quality of Life Questionnaire (FDDQL) increased significantly (all P<0.01); the decrease of FD symptoms,HAMD,HAMA scores and the increase of FDDQL scores of treatment group were greater than those of control group (all P<0.01). The total effective rate of treatment group was significantly higher than that of control group (87.5% vs. 63.3%, χ²=6.49, P<0.05). There was no obvious adverse effect recurred in both groups. CONCLUSION: Tandospirone is a safe and effective drug for FD accompanied by anxiety and depression; it can effectively improve the symptoms of anxiety, depression and quality of life of patients.

Curative effect and security of ginkgo-dipyridamolum injection combined hyperbaric oxygen and acupuncture in treatment of patients with sudden deafness

ZHANG Qiongmin, LI Sisi, ZHANG Jie, ZHU Li

2017, 22(6):  668-673. 

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 AIM: To explore the curative effect and security of ginkgo-dipyridamolum injection combined hyperbaric oxygen and acupuncture in treatment of patients with sudden deafness, and to provide a reference for clinical treatment. METHODS: Ninety-four patients with sudden deafness were divided into the control group (47 cases) and observation group (47 cases) according to random number table method. The two groups were given conventional western medicine treatment, the control group was given hyperbaric oxygen and acupuncture, while the observation group was given 20 mL ginkgo-dipyridamolum injection by intravenous drip on the basis of control group treatment. After 2 weeks treatment the clinical curative effect and safety were observed, and the blood rheology indexes, coagulation function, lipid peroxide (LPO) superoxide dismutase (SOD), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-cadherin) were compared. RESULTS:The total effective rate was 98.87% in the observing group, and 82.98% in the control group, there was no statistically significant difference of rank and inspection (P>0.05). The pure tone hearing threshold value in the observation group was lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity, erythrocyte deposited and erythrocyte aggregation index in the observation group were significantly lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The thrombin time in the observation group was higher than the control group, and the fibrinogen, blood coagulation factor Ⅰ and platelet factor were lower than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The levels LPO, TXB2 and VE-cadherin of the observation group were lower than the control group, and the SOD level was higher than that in the control group, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The mainly adverse reactions were headache, gastrointestinal discomfort, palpitation, itchy skin in two groups. The incidences of adverse drug reactions were 21.28% and 17.02% in the observation group and control group,respectively.There was no statistically significant difference (P>0.05). CONCLUSION:Ginkgo-dipyridamolum injection combined hyperbaric oxygen and acupuncture in treatment of patients with sudden deafness have better clinical curative effect, can reduce the pure tone hearing threshold value to restore hearing, improve blood rheology indexes and blood coagulation function, repair blood vessels endothelial injury, and have better security. They are worthy of clinical popularization and application.

Comparison study of modified FOLFOX6 combined with durative transfusion of endostatin as neoadjuvant treatment vs. treatment without endostatin for locally advanced rectal cancer

JIANG Sanya, SHAN Yabing, CHEN Wenbin

2017, 22(6):  674-679. 

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AIM: To investigate the clinical efficacy, pathological remission rate and safety of mFOLOFX6 regimen combined with durative transfusion recombinant human endostatin as neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer.  METHODS: 62 patients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly assigned to mFOLFOX6 group (control group) and mFOLFOX6 combined with endostatin group (experiment group). The control group received oxaliplatin 85 mg/m² and leucovorin 200 mg/m² (i.v. drip) for 2 h on day 1,5-fluorouracil 400 mg/m2 (i.v. push), 5-fluorouracil 2.6 g/m² (continuous i.v. pump) right after leucovorin for 46 h every two weeks. The experiment group received daily endostatin 7.5 mg·m^-2·d^-1 (continuous i.v. pump) for 7 d, repeatedly every two weeks on the basis of mFOLFOX6. All patients received 4 to 6 cycles of treatment before surgery. RESULTS:62 patients received a total of 310 cycles of treatment with ratable clinical efficacy. The total response rate of experimental group was 62.5%, which was significant higher than 36.6% of the control group (P<0.05).The pathological complete remission rate of experimental group was 28.1%, which was significant higher than 6.7% of the control group (P < 0.05). The anus preservation rate of experimental group was 81.3%, which was significant higher than 56.7% of the control group (P<0.05).Two groups presented with minor toxic reactions (major grade I and II) and low-rate complications, no significant difference perceived (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Endostatin combined with mFOLOFX6 regimen as neoadjuvant treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer can improve the response rate, pathologic complete response rate and anal preservation rate while maintain minor adverse reactions and complications, which is referential for clinical application.

Effect of intralesional diprospan injection combined with esomeprazole acid-suppressive on laryngeal contact granuloma

FANG Xiaobi, ZHOU Qinshuang, LIAO Zhisu

2017, 22(6):  680-683. 

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AIM:To investigate the efficacy and security of intralesional compound betamethasone injection combined with esomeprazole acid-suppressive therapy for the treatment of laryngeal contact granuloma.   METHODS: Seventy-six patients with laryngeal contact granuloma diagnosed from March 2012 to March 2016 were reviewed. Twenty-seven patients took intralesional compound betamethasone injection combined with esomeprazole acid-suppressive therapy as treatment group,the other 67 patients only received esomeprazole acid-suppressive therapy as control group. Control group was treated with oral esomeprazole, 20 mg per time, twice a day for 1 month, followed by esomeprazole 10 mg per time, each morning for half a month, then followed by esomeprazole 10 mg per time, each 2 days for half a month. Treatment group was treated with oral esomeprazole plus intralesional compound betamethasone injection, 0.3-0.5 mL per time, and one time for each month for less than 3 consecutive months. The clinical data of these patients were analyzed. RESULTS: The cure rate was significantly improved in the treatment group (70.37%,19/27) compared with that in the control group (46.94%, 23/49), and the cure time in the treatment group［(2.62±0.37) months］ was significantly shorter than that in the control group［(5.16±0.85) months］. Meanwhile, in those patients with Farwell III and IV grade lesions, the cure rate in the treatment group (60.00%, 6/10) was also significantly higher than that in the control group (14.29%, 3/21). In both groups, the adverse drug reaction mainly included dyspepsia, gasteremphraxis and hiccough. There were no significant differences (P=0.695) in the rate of adverse drug reaction between treatment group (11.11%) and control group (14.29%). CONCLUSION:Intralesional compound betamethasone injection combined with esomeprazole acid-suppressive therapy can be recommended as a safe and effective alternative therapy for laryngeal contact granuloma, especially for the refractory granuloma.

Correlation of TMAO and Lp-PLA2 levels in patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke

LIU Zhengdong, ZHENG Ning

2017, 22(6):  684-688. 

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AIM: To investigate the correlation between TMAO and Lp-PLA2 levels in patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke.  METHODS: Eighty patients with atherosclerotic ischemic stroke within 72 hours were selected as the case group, and another 40 healthy subjects were selected as the control group. The severity of carotid atherosclerosis was detected by color Doppler ultrasound. Serum TMAO and Lp-PLA2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood lipids were detected by Hitachi 7180 automatic biochemical analyzer. Levels of TMAO, Lp-PLA2 as well as the differences and correlations of blood lipids between the two groups were compared. RESULTS: The serum levels of TMAO and Lp-PLA2 were significantly higher than those of the control group (P<0.05). There was a positive correlation between TMAO and Lp-PLA2 (r=0.745,P<0.01). Lp-PLA2 showed no significant correlation with TC, TG, HDL-C and LDL-C (P>0.05). Levels of TMAO and Lp-PLA2 in carotid stenosis group were higher than those in moderate group and mild group (rs=0.763,P﹤0.01). There was a positive correlation between the level of TMAO and carotid artery stenosis (rs=0.732,P<0.01). CONCLUSION: Levels of TMAO and Lp-PLA2 in ischemic stroke patients with different severity of carotid atherosclerosis are different. TMAO and Lp-PLA2 are involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke, which may be a potential serum marker of atherosclerotic ischemic stroke.

Relationship between leukotriene B4，carotid plaque and progressive ischemic stroke

MA Honggang，PAN Qinmei，ZHU Feifei，WANG Yaxian，WANG Zhuang

2017, 22(6):  689-693. 

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AIM: To study the relationship between leukotriene B4, carotid plaque and progressive ischemic stroke.  METHODS: Eighty patients with progressive ischemic stroke treated in our hospital from January 2014 to January 2016 were enrolled in this study as the progress group. Eighty non-progressive ischemic patients were selected according to the random number table as the non-progress group. Another 80 cases of non-stroke patients were selected as the control group. Level of leukotriene B4 at different stages were detected and compared between and within the three groups. Indicators with statistical significance were analyzed with logistic regression analysis to investigate the risk factors associated with progressive ischemic stroke. RESULTS: The level of LTB4 in the progress group was higher than that in the non-progress group and the control group at admission time and after admission (P<0.05). In the carotid atherosclerosis subgroup, the percentage of unstable plaques in the progress group was significantly higher than that in the non-progress group and the control group (P<0.05), and the LTB4 level in the unstable plaque group was higher than that in the stable plaque group (P<0.05). In the progress group, LTB4 expression was significantly higher in the moderate to severe progression group than that in the mild progression group at admission, hospitalization day 3 and hospitalization day 7 (P<0.05). Unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that abnormal serum LTB4 levels and unstable carotid plaques were associated with the progressive stroke (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Carotid plaques can affect the development of progressive ischemic stroke, which is a risk factor for progressive ischemic stroke, and leukotriene B4 concentration and unstable carotid artery plaque maybe early predictors of ischemic stroke.

Effect of metformin on bone mineral density, insulin resistance and cytokines in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients with primary hypertension 

SONG Meiqing

2017, 22(6):  694-698. 

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AIM: To investigate the changes of bone mineral density （BMD）, insulin resistance (IR) and cytokines in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with primary hypertension． METHODS: 125 patients of T2DM patients with primary hypertension were randomly divided into Gliclazide plus melformin group (treatment group) and Gliclazide group(control group )．BMI, fasting blood glucose（FPG）, hemoglobin A1c（HbA1c）, fasting insulin(FINS), the index of insulin resistance（HOMA-IR）, adiponectin(APN), 1eptin(LEP), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-6（IL-6）, insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and BMD of the lumbar vertebrae 2-4（L2-4）and the left femofal neck were measured and compared．RESULTS:（1）After treatment for 12 weeks，levels of FPG and HbA1c decreased in both groups (P<0.05)；BMI decreased compared with before therapy in treatment group (P<0.05).（2）Compared with before therapy and control group，levels of APN, IGF-1 and BMD of the L2-4 and the left femofal neck increased in treatment group(P<0.05)，levels of FINS, HOMA-IR, TNF-α and IL-6 decreased(P<0.05)；LEP decreased compared with before therapy (P<0.05)，but there was no significant difference after therapy between groups（P>0.05）.（3）The BMD of the L2-4 and the left femofal neck were positively correlated with the APN and IGF-1，yet negatively correlated with the HOMA-IR, LEP, TNF-α and IL-6. CONCLUSION: Metformin can improve BMD, IR and correct dysfunction of cytokines in T2DM patients with primary hypertension，which may reduce risk of osteoporosis and fracture.

Efficacy of levonorgestrel intrauterine system in the treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding

XIA Lijuan, HE Yunqin, SHAO Mingjun

2017, 22(6):  699-704. 

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AIM: To observe the therapeutic effect of levonorgestrel intrauterine system on anovulatory dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) and its impact on endometrial vascular endothelial growth factor（VEGF）, estrogen receptor（ER） and progesterone receptor(ER).  METHODS: 78 patients with DUB from June 2015 to September 2016 were divided into control group and observation group, 39 cases in each group. On the basis of conventional treatment, the control group was given dexyprogesterone ethinyl estradiol tablets orally, the observation group levonorgestrel intrauterine system of treatment. The levels of gemoglobin (HGB), serum estradiol (E2), progesterone (P), secretion of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH) hormone in the two groups were measured before and after treatment. The expression of VEGF, ER and PR in the endometrial glands and stroma were measured by SP immunohistochemical method before and 12 months after treatment. The clinical efficacy and side effects were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: Control bleeding and complete hemostasis were significantly shorter in the observation group than in the control group (P<0.01). After treatment, the levels of hemoglobin in both groups were significantly higher than those before treatment (P<0.01), the endometrial thickness was significantly decreased (P<0.01), E2 was significantly lower than before treatment, P was significantly increased, and the observation group improved more than the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The positive rate of VEGF in endometrial glands and stroma of observation group was significantly higher than that of before treatment (P<0.01), and the positive rates of ER and PR in gland and stroma were significantly lower than those before treatment (P<0.01). The positive rates of VEGF and VEGF in the observation group were higher than those in the control group. The positive rates of ER and PR were lower than those in the control group (P<0.01). The total effective rate of the observation group was 94.9%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group (79.5%, P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in adverse events between the two groups. CONCLUSION: Levonorgestrel intrauterine sustained release system can improve the expression of endometrial ER, PR and VEGF by DUB, and it is more, safe and effective than oral administration of dexyprogesterone ethinyl estradiol tablets.

Preemptive analgesia effect of parecoxib sodium on children undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy

HE Jianguo, YUAN Liyong, CHEN Lin, JIANG Juan

2017, 22(6):  705-708. 

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AIM: To investigate the preemptive analgesia effect of parecoxib sodium and its mechanism in pediatric laparoscopic appendectomy. METHODS: 60 children undergoing laparoscopic appendectomy under general anesthesia were randomly divided into experimental group and control group (n=30). The experimental group was intravenously injected with parecoxib sodium (1 mg/kg) 10 min before the anesthesia induction and the control group received equal amount of saline solution. VAS score was used to assess the degree of pain in postoperative children (non-coordinative children check the FLACC table); plasma prostaglandin E2 concentrations were measured before anesthesia induction (T0), end of operation (T1), 24 h after operation (T2) and 48 h after operation (T3). The incidence of postoperative complications such as restlessness, nausea and vomiting were observed in the two groups. The use of tramadol and the satisfaction degree of children or their families were observed 48 h after operation. RESULTS:Compared with the control group, the incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting, agitation and the use rate of tramadol were lower in the experimental group；the satisfaction degree of the children or their families were higher than the control group 48 h after operation (P<0.05). Plasma prostaglandin E2 concentrations at T0, T1 and T2 increased in both groups, but the experimental group was higher than that of the control group (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: Pre-injection of parecoxib sodium before pediatric laparoscopic surgery can reduce the plasma concentration of prostaglandin E2 and alleviate postoperative pain as well as reduce the occurrence of postoperative nausea vomiting and restlessness.

Research on pharmacokinetics in weightless environment

WANG Xiaoqing, ZHOU Jiezhao, CHENG Zeneng, JIANG Dejian

2017, 22(6):  709-712. 

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Space pharmacokinetics is an important part of aerospace medicine. The change of pharmacokinetics caused by the change of physiological and biochemical function of weightlessness in space, is one of the key factors influencing the use of medicine. This article reviewed the research progress including experimental models, the effects on the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs, and the influencing factors of pharmacokinetics of weightlessness, which may provide some reference for space pharmacokinetics.

Relativity between the gene polymorphisms of LXR and metabolic syndrome

ZHAO Huijia, LI Ling, WEI Wanhui, XU Qian, SHI Yuying, YUE Jiang, WANG yanfeng, Ye Qifa

2017, 22(6):  713-720. 

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Liver X receptor(LXR) is an important nuclear receptor in the body, which is a ligand-dependent protein. LXR is an integrator of hormonal and nutritional signal mediating changes to metabolic pathways of lipid and glucose within the body. It's involved in various common metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes, obesity, cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidaemia, and so on. Some studies proved that a number of gene polymorphism sites in LXR were linked with metabolic diseases. Studying the pathological mechanism of LXR in metabolic diseases and researching the correlation between gene polymorphism of LXR and metabolic diseases are beneficial to detecting and assessing the risks of metabolic diseases genetically, which can discover and prevent the diseases early so as to improve the quality of life of patients and prolong living time. This review focuses on the metabolism of LXR and the correlation between the gene polymorphism and metabolic diseases of LXR.