Abstract: Objective To explore the association between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and asthma and allergic disease in children. Methods A 1∶1 matched case-control study of 278 children with ADHD and 278 normal children were investigated in asthma and allergic disease.The Chi-square test was used to test single factors while multi-factors inspection was test by conditional Logistic regression analysis. Results The suffering from asthma and eczema in cases and control group had no significant difference (2.9% vs 1.1%, 4.3% vs 1.8%, respectively, P>0.05).The incidence of allergic phenomenon such as itchy rash for six months, once diagnosed rhinitis, recent one year to have asthma symptom, and often have a runny nose, itchy eyes, nasal congestion were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).Allergic rhinitis (P=0.029, OR=2.021, 95%CI:1.074~3.803), and often have a runny nose, eye itching, nasal congestion (P=0.012, OR=1.863, 95%CI:1.147~3.024) were risk factors for ADHD by conditional Logistic regression analysis. Conclusions Allergic rhinitis with a runny nose, itchy eyes, nasal congestion are associated with ADHD.Further studies need to be done in exploring the relationship of asthma or eczema with ADHD.

Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, asthma, allergic rhinitis, children

摘要： 目的 探讨儿童注意缺陷多动障碍与哮喘及过敏性疾病的关系, 为寻找注意缺陷多动障碍病因提供依据。方法 采用1∶1匹配病例对照研究, 对278例注意缺陷多动障碍儿童和278例正常儿童进行哮喘及过敏性疾病的调查。对相关的危险因素采用单因素χ²检验, 多因素条件Logistic回归分析。结果 病例组儿童哮喘、湿疹患病率与对照组差异无统计学意义(2.9%与1.1%和4.3%与1.8%, P>0.05);病例组有持续6个月发痒/疹子、曾经诊断鼻炎、近一年有哮喘症状的、及经常有流涕、眼痒、鼻塞等过敏现象的发生率显著性高于对照组(P<0.05)。条件Logistic回归分析, 过敏性鼻炎(P=0.029, OR=2.021, 95%CI:1.074~3.803)及经常有流涕、眼痒、鼻塞(P=0.012, OR=1.863, 95%CI:1.147~3.024)是ADHD的危险因素。结论 儿童注意缺陷多动障碍与过敏性鼻炎及经常有流涕、眼痒、鼻塞的发生存在相关性, 而与哮喘及湿疹发生的关系需进一步研究确定。

关键词: 注意缺陷多动障碍, 哮喘, 过敏性疾病, 儿童