Abstract: Objective To discuss the changes of learning and memory ability of fetal rats with fetal growth restriction(FGR) with maternal zinc supplementation. Methods FGR model of SD rats was constructed according to the method of passive smoking.The pregnant rats were divided into three groups (the FGR group contained 10 rats,the model group contained 10 and the control group contained 11 rats).The model group was fed with supplementation of zinc,and the other two groups were fed on normal food.Within each group,10 pups were randomly selected into three subgroups to be tested at 1,2 and 4 months of age,respectively(only FGR pups were selected in the FGR and the model group).Morris water maze task was performed to assess the spatial learning and memory abilities of the rats. Results At the age of 1,2 and 4 months,the fetal rats in the model groups were more likely to use effective strategies to find the platform than the FGR group(P<0.05),and were similar with the control group(P>0.05).The escape latencies to find the platform were shortened with increased training times for all of the rats (P<0.05).At the age of 1,2 and 4 months,the escape latencies of the fetal rats in the model group were more increased than the latency times of the control group(P<0.05).Except the age of 4 months,the latency times of the fetal rats in the model group were decreased than the FGR group (P<0.05),and also stayed in the platform more than the FGR group (P<0.05).While at the age of 4 months,the times spent staying in the platform of the model group and FGR group had no significance (P>0.05). Conclusions Maternal zinc supplementation could improve the scores of the FGR fetal rats in Morris water maze,so that showed us to add zinc in pregnant time could protect the impaired of the learning and memory abilities caused by FGR.Postnatal behavior training could correct the impairment of the brain caused by FGR.

Key words: fetal growth restriction, zinc, learning and memory, Morris Water Maze

摘要： 目的 探讨孕期补锌对胎儿生长受限(fetal growth restriction,FGR)仔鼠空间学习记忆能力的影响。方法 建造SD孕鼠FGR模型,孕鼠随机分为3组(FGR组10只、模型组10只和正常组11只),模型组喂养添锌饲料,另两组喂养普通饲料。从3组孕鼠中分别随机抽取10只仔鼠作为研究对象(FGR组、模型组均抽取FGR仔鼠)分别于生后1、2、4月进行Morris水迷宫的定位航行实验及空间探索实验,检测FGR子代空间学习记忆能力的改变。结果 1、2、4月龄模型组在水迷宫任务中更多采取有效策略,明显优于FGR组(P<0.05),与对照组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。1、2、4月龄,三组仔鼠的逃避潜伏期随着训练次数的增加而缩短(P<0.05)。1、2、4月龄模型组仔鼠的平均潜伏期较对照组明显增长,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。除4月龄外,模型组仔鼠的平均潜伏期较FGR组明显缩短,站台停留时间较FGR组明显延长(P<0.05),4月龄FGR组、模型组仔鼠站台象限停留时间无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 孕期补锌能够改善FGR子代大鼠的水迷宫测试成绩,提示孕期补锌对于FGR引起的幼鼠空间学习能力受损有一定的保护作用;出生后行为训练对FGR造成的脑损害可能有一定的纠正作用。

关键词: 胎儿生长受限, 锌, 学习记忆, Morris水迷宫
中图分类号:R179 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1008-6579(2015)10-1047-04 doi:10.11852/zgetbjzz2015-23-10-12