Abstract: Objective To analyze the data of physical examination for entering kindergartens of children in Shannan City in 2019,to understand the physical health of children in Shannan City,in order to provide scientific basis for local child healthcare. Methods Physical examination data of 944 children aged 2 to 6 years in the Department of Pediatric Care of the Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Shannan City in 2019 were enrolled in this study. The growth and development of children at different age and gender groups,the prevalence rates of dental caries,poor vision and anemia were analyzed. Results In 2019,the detection rate of malnutrition among children admitted to the hospital in Shannan City was 8.90% (84/944). The difference in growth retardation at different age groups was significant (χ²=16.519,P=0.01). The detection rate of overnutrition was 4.45% (421/944),and the difference in obesity rate was significant (χ²=8.200,P=0.042). The detection rates of caries,anemia and poor vision were 48.52% (458/944),17.76% (167/944) and 47.56% (449/944),respectively. There were statistical differences in the detection rates of caries and anemia at different age groups(χ²=54.271,14.031,P＜0.05). However,the rate of poor vision was not found significant different among different age and gender groups (P＞0.05). Conclusions The prevalence rates of growth retardation,dental caries,anemia,and poor vision in preschool children in Shannan City are relatively high. It is suggested that parents and related agencies should work together in preventive health care and strengthen crowd intervention.

Key words: children, kindergarten, physical examination

摘要： 目的 分析西藏山南市2019年儿童入园体检资料,了解山南市儿童入园前身体健康状况,为今后在当地有针对性地进行儿童保健奠定科学基础。方法 收集2019年山南市妇幼保健院儿保科944名2~6岁儿童入园体检资料,比较不同年龄组、不同性别儿童生长发育状况及龋齿、视力不良、贫血的患病情况。结果 2019年山南市入园体检儿童营养不良检出率为8.90%(84/944),不同年龄段生长迟缓率差异有统计学意义(χ²=16.519,P=0.01)。营养过剩检出率为4.45%(42/944),各年龄段肥胖率差异有统计学意义(χ²=8.200,P=0.042)。龋齿、贫血、视力不良的检出率分别为48.52%(458/944)、17.76%(167/944)、47.56%(449/944),不同年龄段龋齿和贫血检出率差异均有统计学意义(χ²=54.271、14.031,P=0.003)。结论 山南市学龄前儿童生长迟缓、龋齿、贫血及视力不良的发生率较高,须受到家长及相关机构的重视,共同做好预防保健工作,加强人群干预。

关键词: 儿童, 幼儿园, 健康体检