Abstract: 【Objective】 To observe the treatment of Montelukast for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis on the clinical efficacy and the prevention of wheezing. 【Methods】 85 hospitalized children inflamed with RSV were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Treatment group (45 cases) were ordered to oral montelukast in addition to conventional treatment. The usage was 2.5 mg/d under 6 months of age, and 4 mg/d in the children of 6 months elder, every night, the course of treatment were 2 months. The control group (40 cases) were treated with conventional treatment and with no special treatment in the post-discharge. The main symptoms and signs disappeared time, hospitalization, treatment efficiency and treatment for 2 months without respite days, 1 year recurrence rate of wheezing of the children in hospital were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 Comparing to the control group,the extinction time of main symptoms/signs and average hospital stays of the treatment group were significantly shorter (P<0.05), the therapeutic efficiency was significantly higher (P<0.05), Within 2 months of treatment the number of days without wheezing of the treatment group (42 cases) was significantly longer than the control group (38 cases) (P<0.05), the difference of 1 year recurrence rate of wheezing between treatment group (36 cases) and control group (35 cases) was not statistically significant (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Montelukast can improve the symptoms in the acute stage of RSV bronchiolitis,and prolong the time of RSV bronchiolitis without wheezing, but can not reduce recurrence rate within 1 year after treatment.

Key words: montelukast, respiratory syncytial virus, bronchiolitis

摘要： 【目的】 观察孟鲁司特治疗呼吸道合胞病毒(respiratory syncytial virus,RSV)毛细支气管炎(毛支炎)的临床疗效及对RSV毛支炎后喘息的预防作用。 【方法】 85例 RSV毛支炎住院患儿随机分为治疗组及对照组。治疗组(45例)除常规治疗外,予以孟鲁司特口服,未满6月龄患儿2.5 mg/d,满6月龄后患儿4 mg/d,均每晚1次,共服2个月。对照组(40例)予常规治疗措施,出院后未予特殊治疗。比较两组住院期间主要症状和体征的消失时间、住院时间、治疗有效率以及治疗2个月内无喘息天数、1年内喘息复发率。 【结果】 与对照组比较, 治疗组住院期间主要症状和体征的消失时间及平均住院日均明显短于对照组(P均<0.05),治疗组治疗有效率明显高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗2个月内治疗组(42例)无喘息发作天数明显长于对照组(38例)(P<0.05),1年内喘息复发率治疗组(36例)与对照组(35例)比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 【结论】 孟鲁司特可改善RSV毛支炎急性期的病情,并能延长RSV毛支炎后无喘息发作时间,但不能降低治疗后1年内喘息复发率。

关键词: 孟鲁司特, 呼吸道合胞病毒, 毛细支气管炎