Table of Content

06 December 2011, Volume 19 Issue 12

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Relationship between childhood trauma and emotional and behavior problems in rural adolescents

ZHU Yan-hua,CAO Feng-lin,LI Yu-li

2011, 19(12):  1071-1073. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the childhood trauma and emotional-behavioral problems in rural teenagers and the role of childhood trauma. 【Method】 A total of 1 200 rural teenagers from six places of Shandong Province were surveied by Childhood Trauma Questionnaire-Short Form (CTQ-SF), the Self-Report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the demographic questionnaire from July to August, 2010. 【Results】 Girls had higher scores of SDQ than boys(t=-2.26,P＜0.05).The 5 aspects and their sum in CTQ-SF were obviously related to the 4 factors and their sum in total difficulties of SDQ. 【Conclusions】 Childhood traumas of rural adolescents could influence their emotional-behavioral problems. Positive strategies should be taken to avoid childhood trauma experiences.

Cross-sectional study on child neglect among urban children aged 3~6 years in Zhuhai city

FU Min,CHEN Yu,XIE Li,FENG Xiao-li,FU Xiu-ping,HUANG Jie-hua,LIANG Xi-quan

2011, 19(12):  1074-1076. 

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【Objective】 To study the status of child neglect among children aged 3~6 years old in the urban areas of some nursery school in Zhuhai. 【Methods】1 242 families with children aged 3~6 years old were sampled randomly from 6 nursery school in Zhuhai. They were investigated by Evaluationnaire of Child Neglect of Urban Children Aged 3~6 Years Old in China. 【Results】 The total neglect rate and degree of nursery school in urban areas in Zhuhai was respectively 14.8% and 21.5.There was no significant difference in total neglect rate and degree between different gender and age groups. But there had significant difference in emotion neglect, the neglect rate of children aged 6 years old were highest. 【Conclusion】 The status of child neglect among children aged 3~6 years old in the urban areas of some nursery school in Zhuhai is serious, the relevant departments should pay attention on this issue.

Prevalence of emotional disorders in preschool children in Shenzhen

WAN Guo-bin, WEI Zhen, HE Hui-jing, HE Man-yu

2011, 19(12):  1077-1079. 

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【Objective】 To investigate prevalence of emotional disorders among preschool children in Shenzhen. 【Method】 A total of 7 570 children aged 3~6 years from Shenzhen were enrolled by a cluster sampling and a two-phase design and investigated by using two stage epidemiological survey method. 【Results】 The overall of the prevalence of emotional disorders was 8.08%.The prevalence of separation anxiety, specific phobia,social anxiety and depression were respectively 1.07%, 4.02%, 4.28% and 0.16%.Two emotional disorders were combined in 1.32% children.The prevalence of separation anxiety and social anxiety were gradually decreasing with increasing age. 【Conclusion】 Emotion disorders are common among preschool children.Mood disorders research should be paid attention to.

Cognitive and visual-motor integration performance in low-risk late preterm preschoolers

FENG Jing-jing,XU Xiu,GUO Shu-juan,WANG Wei-ping

2011, 19(12):  1080-1083. 

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【Objective】 To investigate low-risk late preterm preschoolers' cognitive and visual-motor integration performance and compare them to normal children. 【Methods】 Participants were 31 late preterm and 38 normal children who were 4 to 6 years old and were free from major disability.They were evaluated using the Chinese population adaptation of the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) and Berry visual-motor integration kit (VMI). 【Results】 The mean scores of VIQ, PIQ and FIQ in preterm and full-term group were 97±21, 107±15, 102±18; 112±15, 128±12, 122±11 respectively. Compared with normal children,the preterm preschoolers had significantly lower level in the tests of verbal, performance and overall intelligence quotients(P<0.01), particularly in higher-level verbal and performance function, although the levels were within the average range. The mean scores of VMI in preterm and full-term preschoolers were 88±16 and 109±18. The poor ability of VMI in preterm children had significantly 24% difference with the control group, even worse than the performance intelligence quotients. Furthermore, the VMI was positively correlated with the full intelligence quotients (r=0.6,P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 Low-risk late preterm preschoolers with average cognition capability still have poorer cognitive ability compared with the normal children. Moreover, they are at risk of defect in visual-spatial perception and higher-functional verbal capability. Detection specific visual perceptual and verbal dysfunction before school age, even in children with a low risk of mental and neurological problems could provide specific rehabilitative strategies to prevent learning and/or behavioral problems.

Characteristics of executive function in two subtypes of boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

YANG Bin-rang,CHEN Xiao-wen,ZHANG Min,PENG Gang,ZHANG Lin-lin

2011, 19(12):  1084-1087. 

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【Objective】 To explore the characteristics of executive function in attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, predominantly inattentive subtype (ADHD-IT) and ADHD combined subtype (ADHD). 【Method】 Seventy-six boys with ADHD-CT, 15 boys with ADHD-IT and 54 healthy control subjects performed inhibition functions (Go/no-go task, Stroop color-word test,stop signal task) and working memory functions (digits forward, digits backward, Corsi block recall and visual spatial n-back). 【Results】 1) ADHD groups performed significantly worse than healthy controls did in Go/no-go task, Stroop color-word test, digits backward, and Corsi block recall. After controlling for age, grade and full-scale intelligence quotient (FIQ), the results remained unchanged.2)There were no significant differences in all tasks between ADHD-CT and ADHD-IT subtypes. 【Conclusion】 The results suggest that boys with ADHD showed deficit in executive function. The pattern of deficit in executive function between ADHD-CT and ADHD-IT subtypes is similar to each other.

Comparison of ability development between pervasive developmental disorder and mental retardation children

ZHU Da-qian, GAO Hong-yun, ZHU Yong-yong

2011, 19(12):  1088-1090. 

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【Objective】 To study the difference of neuropsychological development between pervasive developmental disorder (PDD) and mental retardation (MR) children. 【Methods】 All patients first diagnosed as PDD or MR in psychological counseling clinic of Children's Hospital of Fudan University during Jan 2003 to Jan 2009 without any intervention before were enrolled. The Psycho-educational Profile (PEP) test was administered to all the children. According to the developmental age of PEP result, all the children were divided into three groups: 0~12 months, 13~36 months, 37~72 months. 【Results】 There were 341 PDD children and 209 MR children in the research. In the 0~12 months group, MR children got higher scores in imitation and cognitive (verbal) than PDD children. In the 13~36 months group, MR children got higher scores in all the fields than PDD children, including imitation, perception, gross motor, fine motor, eye-hand integration, cognitive (performance) and cognitive (verbal). In the 37~72 months group, MR children got higher scores than PDD children only in imitation. 【Conclusion】 1)Without any treatment, the PDD children show totally delay in all the fields than the MR children in the 13~36 months developmental age. 2) The ability of imitation is always lower in PDD child than MR children in the developmental age 0~72 months without any intervention.

Analysis on sleep status about migrant preschool children in Changning, Shanghai

LU Qiao-zhen,WANG Fang,ZHOU Wen-li, JIN Xing-ming,HUANG Bi-kun

2011, 19(12):  1091-1093. 

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【Objective】 To understand sleep time and the prevalence of sleep disorders about migrant preschool children in Changning district, and to explore the influencing factors of sleep disorders. 【Methods】 550 migrant preschool children were selected with multi-phase sampling. Their parents or fosters were interviewed with general and sleep health questionnaire. 【Results】 The mean sleep time was (11.19±1.22) hours usually and only (10.87±1.37) hours on weekend about migrant preschool children. The sleep time of 3~4 years old children was shorter than foreign children,and the sleep time of 5 years old children on weekend was less than the standard. The difference of sleep time between boys and girls was not significant. The sleep time was different among different age groups. The prevalence of sleep disorders was 50.30%, in which the prevalence of boys was 50.88%, and the girls was 49.53%, the difference between them was not statistically significant (χ²= 0.089,P>0.05). The factors affecting sleep time and the prevalence of children were violent activities in the bedtime, sleeping habits of parents and other factors. 【Conclusions】 Sleep time of migrant preschool children in Changning district is relatively less and the prevalence of sleep disorders is higher compared to the existing data, which should be paid to a good attention.

Intelligence and attention of children with idiopathic short stature

HU Man,MA Hong-wei, WANG Li-bo, WANG Lin, REN Shuang,TAN Ying-hua

2011, 19(12):  1094-1096. 

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【Objective】 To investigate idiopathic short stature (ISS) children's intelligence level and intelligence structure, and its continued attention to the situation. 【Methods】 The intelligence were tested by Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children- Chinese (C-WISC) in 32 children with ISS and in 32 normal children; and attention were tested by the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test( IVA-CPT) in 29 children with ISS. 【Results】 The full intelligence quotient (FIQ), verbal IQ (VIQ) and Performance IQ (PIQ) in the ISS Group were in a normal range, compared with the control group no significant difference (P>0.05). But the knowledge scale score of the verbal scale was significantly higher (P<0.05), while picture arrangement scale score of the operating scale was significantly lower than the control group (P<0.05); The difference rate between VIQ and PIQ,ISS group was higher than the control group (P<0.05). In ISS group ,full scale attention quotient, visual attention quotient, auditory prudence quotient, visual vigilance quotient were significant lower than the control group (P<0.05),the other data had no significant difference between ISS group and control group(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 ISS children have normal intelligence, but intelligence structural is imbalances; ISS children are more likely with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder than the control group.

Visual perception development in children with ADHD

GAO Hong-yun,HUANG Yu-mei,LI Hui,ZHU Da-qian

2011, 19(12):  1097-1099. 

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【Objective】 To reveal the characteristic of visual perception development of children with ADHD. 【Methods】 Frostig visual perception development test-II and Wechsler intelligence scale for children were tested in 41 subjects and the normal controls matched by age and gender. All subjects came from the psychological clinic of Children's Hospital of Fudan University. The diagnosis was made according to the criteria of ICD-10. 【Results】 1) The scores of the general visual perception (GVP), the motor-reduced visual perception (MRP), and the visual-motor integration (VMI) of ADHD children were significantly lower than those of healthy children (P<0.05). 2)The scores of the position in space (PS), the visual closure (VC), the eye-hand coordination (EH) of ADHD children were significantly lower than those of healthy children in boys. The scores of the PS, the VC, the form constancy (FC), the EH, the copying (CO), the spatial relations (SR) of ADHD children were significantly lower than those of healthy children in girls. The scores of EH of boys were lower than girls in ADHD children. 3) The VIQ, PIQ, and FIQ of ADHD children were lower than healthy children. 【Conclusions】 There is visual perception development delay or deficient in the children with ADHD. The different characteristics of visual perception development are found between girls and boys. The visual perception should be promoted in the treatment of ADHD children.

Risk of amblyopia among 0~2 years old premature infants without retinopathy

TONG Mei-ling,WEI Ning,WU Guang-qiang,YE Cheng,XUE Zi-ying,WANG Qin

2011, 19(12):  1100-1102. 

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【Objective】 To analyse the risk of amblyopia among 0~2 years old premature infants by Suresight screening. 【Method】 Refraction was measured by Suresight screening at corrected age of 6 months,9 months,12 months,18 months and 24 months old in 264 preterm infants without retinopathy between December 2009 to December 2010. 50 full term infants age-matched were also included in the study as control groups. We analysed the risk of amblyopia in preterm infants with the high-risk and suspicious criterion established by suresight screening in our pre-study. 【Results】 Higher incidence of moderate and high-dgree hyperopia、moderate and high-dgree astigmatism、anisometropia were found on preterm infants than in age-matched full term infants. Also higher incidence of high-risk and suspicious children of amblyopia were found on preterm infants,especially at 6 months aged. 【Conclusions】 The risk of amblyopia is higher in premature infants.It suggests that vision screening should be performed at the age of 6 months old in preterm infants and vision monitoring should be given in their childhood,which will help to correct refractive error early and decrease the rate of amblyopia.

Research on immunization drift of allergic rickets rats affected by vitamin D

XU Yan-qiu,REN Li-hong,YANG Shu-fen

2011, 19(12):  1103-1106. 

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【Objective】 To establish an animal model of rickets that sensitized for measuring their concentration include 25-(OH)D₃、IgE、IFN-γ、IL-4 in venous blood after supply vitamin D, as a reference in prophylaxis and treatment of rickets and systemic anaphylaxis disease in pediatry. 【Methods】 The SD rats model of rickets that sensitized were divided into 3 groups in experiment include 3×10⁵ U doses of vitamin D group (7 rats),6×10⁵ U doses of vitamin D group (7 rats) 、control group(6 rats), all the way to a muscle column for experimental groups ,the method include of Elisa and flow cytometry used to test allergy and immunity target of rats after raising 20 days. 【Results】 The experimental groups compared with the control group, 3×10⁵ U doses of vitamin D decreased the allergy target -IgE of the SD rats(P＜0.01), but 6×10⁵ U doses of vitamin D made IgE increased(P＜0.01),the UR value of IFN-γ of small dose group increased(P＜0.05),but still under normal rats, the UR value of IL-4 decreased; the UR value of IFN-γ of 6×10⁵ U doses group was not only ascend, but also descend evidently(P＜0.05),but the UR value of IL-4 increased(P＜0.05). 【Conclusion】 3×10⁵ U doses of vitamin D could improve this unbalance , but 6×10⁵ U doses can intensify Th1/Th2 unbalance of allergy body, further increase the physical allergy .

Study of temperamental characteristics in preschool children with emotional disorder

WEI Zhen,HE Hui-jing,HE Man-yu,WAN Guo-bin

2011, 19(12):  1122-1124. 

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【Objective】 To explore the temperamental characteristics of the preschool children with emotional disorder. 【Method】 116 cases with emotional disorders (including separation anxiety, specific phobia, social anxiety) and 116 well-matched normal children were estimated by Chinese preschool children temperament scale. 【Results】 There were significant differences in the temperamental distribution between the children with emotional disorder and normal controls, and the difficult temperament and slow-to-warm-up temperament were more distributed in the children with emotional disorder comparing with normal controls (P<0.01). Children with emotional disorder showed higher(P<0.01) subscale scores in two factors of quality of mood and approach and withdrawal. And there were higher(P<0.01)subscale scores of approach and withdrawal in the children with specific phobia, separation anxiety or social anxiety respectively comparing with normal controls. 【Conclusions】 The temperament of preschool children with emotional disorder showed peculiar characteristics. And the factor about approaching and withdrawal shows a better response of behavioral inhibition, which may be acted as an predictor for emotional problems.

Investigation on the relationship between reactive aggression, proactive aggression and family environment among preschool children

JIA Shou-mei,WANG Ling,SHI Ying-juan,LI Ping

2011, 19(12):  1124-1128. 

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【Objective】 To describe the status of reactive aggression and proactive aggression among preschool children, and explore the relationship between children's aggressive behavior and family environment. 【Method】 In this investigation, 1 234 preschool children in ten kindergartens were rated by their teachers and parents using Aggressive Behavior - Teacher's Checklist, Family Environment Scale-Chinese Version (FES-CV) and a general questionnaire. 【Results】 Mean score of reactive aggression and proactive aggression among preschool children was 2.12±0.92 and 1.39±0.68 respectively, with the former was higher than the latter markedly. Reactive aggression was found correlated with proactive aggression significantly (r= 0.683,P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis showed that boys, lower education level of father, younger mother, and conflict and achievement orientation of family were risk factors of reactive aggression in preschool children, while boys, lower education level of father, younger mother, conflict of family, and children's long time of watching TV were risk factors of proactive aggression in preschool children. Preschool children had more reactive aggressive behavior than proactive aggressive behavior, with the two types of aggression correlated with each other. Boys showed more aggressive behaviors than girls, in both reactive and proactive aggression. 【Conclusions】 Family environment is closely related to preschool children's aggressive behavior. Therefore, prevention and intervention measures should focus on the type of aggression and its corresponding risk factors.

Analysis of personalities of children with different types of Tic Disorder

XUE Zhang,CHEN Min-rong

2011, 19(12):  1128-1130. 

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【Objectives】 To analyze the personality characteristics of children with different types of tic disorder (TD), with the attempt of providing theoretical reference for the comprehensive clinical treatment. 【Methods】 Employing Eysenck's Personality Characteristic Questionnaire (EPQ),the research investigated and analyzed the personality characteristics of research objects, including 110 children with TD which was classified into 3 types according to DSM-Ⅳ( 90 boys and 20 girls, in between age 8~15), and 100 healthy children as the control group. 【Results】 Significant differences were found out between the TD group and the normal group in terms of N, E and L. The TD group was higher than the control group in terms of N. Meanwhile, the TD group was lower than the control group in terms of E and L. EPQ test did not show any significant differences among 3 different types of TD in terms of N, E and L. 【Conclusion】 The children with TD are characterized by their introverted personality, unstable emotion and psychological childish that should be given special attention in the process of clinical treatment.

Studies on sensory integration dysfunction and the related influencing factors of 4~6 years old child in Kunshan region

SUN Wei,YANG Guo-qiang,ZHAO Ji,YAN Ju-hua ,LV Guan-ming

2011, 19(12):  1130-1133. 

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【Objective】 To study the sensory integrative dysfunction (SID) and the related influencing factors of 4~6 years old children in Kunshan region, and to provide evidence for early intervention. 【Methods】 The sensory integration ability of 2 515 children in Kunshan nurseries and kindergartens between city and town were determined by stratified cluster sampling, and the sensory integration related factors were investigated with self-made questionnaire. 【Results】 1) The incidence of SID in Kunshan region was 25.45%, The difference between city and town had no statistical significance(χ²=1.41,P>0.05).2) The incidence of SID in boys was higher than in girls, there was high statistical significance(χ²=6.81,P<0.01).The SID incidence among different ages had statistical significance(χ²=8.52,P<0.05).The incidence of the light vestibule balance dysfunction in boys was higher than in girls, there was high statistical significance(P<0.01),the others had no statistical significance.3) The incidence of the light vestibule balance dysfunction in young was higher than in the old, but tactile perception and somatosensory dysfunction were opposite, The incidence of the light vestibule balance dysfunction, the light tactile perception dysfunction and the light somatosensory dysfunction among different ages were different, there was high statistical significance(P<0.01).The incidence of the moderate tactile perception dysfunction and the moderate tactile perception dysfunction among different ages were different, the differences had statistical significance(P<0.05).4) Children's vestibule balance dysfunction had correlation with mother pregnancy reaction. Children's tactile perception dysfunction had correlation with children growth, attitude of father's rearing, feeding patterns before 6 months, children character and mainly caregivers etc. Children's somatosensory dysfunction had correlation with family type and attitude of father's rearing etc. Children growth, family type and attitude of father's rearing had influenced SID of children. 【Conclusion】 Multi-factors integrated influence SID of children in Kunshan region. Children sensory integrative dysfunction should be paid more attention.

Correlativity between autism symptoms and mental health of the autisms parents

JI Yong-juan,HE Li-na,WU Yuan,FU Ping,KUANG Gui-fang,ZHOU Chang-hong

2011, 19(12):  1133-1136. 

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【Objective】 To study the correlativity between autism symptoms and mental health of the autisms' parents. 【Methods】 34 autism children and 32 normal children were tested with Gesell Development Schedules(Gesell),Autism Behavior Checklist(ABC) and Social adaptive capability-measuring list from infant to junior school student(S-M),and their parents were tested with Symptom Check-List 90.Data were analyzed by t-test and multiple regression analysis with SPSS. 【Results】 Contrasted with control group,the autisms children had much higher ABC score,lower developmental quotient(DQ) and S-M score;The autisms' parents got more scores on SCL-90.The Gesell score was negative correlative with depression scale of SCL-90,ABC scores were positively correlated with the total score of SCL-90 and subscales on somatization, raletionship,depression, anxiety and paranoid. 【Conclusions】 The lower DQ and higher abnormal behavior of autisms children have a great influence on the mental health of the autisms' parents.So much intervention should be done for them.

Effects of reading ability treatment on event related potential in children with developmental dyslexia of Chinese

LI Hong-hui,CHEN Chen,LIN Mo-ju,QUAN Yan,QIAO Gui-xiang,XIAO Li-na

2011, 19(12):  1136-1138. 

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【Objective】 To investigate the effect of reading ability treatment on event related potential (ERP) in children with developmental dyslexia of Chinese. 【Methods】 Totally 60 pupils with developmental dyslexia of Chinese, from three to five in grades were enrolled.The patients divided into 2 groups randomly: Training Group and Control Group. The training groups were trained with systematically treatment for consecutive 7 weeks. The control groups were treated with normal treatment methods. The latency and amplitude of P₃ ERP, the marks of language examination, marks of reading examination and reading error rates were compared. 【Results】 The latency and amplitude in Chinese developmental dyslexia group after treatment were significantly shorter and higher than before treatment(t=4.647,-4.309,P<0.01). There were remarkable differences in mark of language examination, mark of reading examination and reading error rate before and after reading ability treatment(P<0.01). The changes between P₃ ERP in control group had no sense in statistics(P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 The reading ability treatment can improve the auditory cognitive process ability and raise the reading levels.

Componential analysis on the personality of children and relative influence factors in Zhoushan

GONG Jian-fang,YANG Zui-su,WANG Zhui-qin,ZHOU Li-juan

2011, 19(12):  1139-1141. 

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【Objective】 To explore the influence factors of the personality of the children in Zhoushan. 【Methods】 286 children from the islands area were recruited as subjects of this study.All subjects were interviewed with the EPQ and the epidemiological questionnaire.Factor analysis and pluralism were used in statistical analysis of the data by SPSS18.0. 【Results】 Factor analysis combined 32 reflecting possible influence factors into 4 factors reflecting the age and the age of child-bearing of parents, cultural level and professional of mother,bleeding of period of pregnancy and delivery style and the family income. 【Conclusion】 The age and the age of child-bearing of parents,cultural level and professional of mother,bleeding of period of pregnancy and delivery style and the family income are the four main factors of the personality of children.

Characteristics and prognostic influential factors of hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation

XU Guang,LI Bi-xiang,ZHOU Chong-gao,WANG Hai-yang,LIU Xiao-xian

2011, 19(12):  1142-1145. 

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【Objective】 Through researching the characteristics and prognostic influential factors of the hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation aged 0~3 months, the present study aims at providing a scientific guideline for the establishment of an effective emergency rescue system for it. 【Methods】 Subjects were 466 hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation in the Neonatal Surgery Department of Hunan Children's Hospital within one year. Their basic features and influential factors on the outcome of these infants were analyzed by the approaches of single factor logistic regression analysis and multiple factor logistic regression analysis. 【Results】 The number of infants with congenital digestive tract malformation was 466, with 332 boys (71.24%) and 134 girls (28.76%), and with 367 rural patients (78.76%) and 99 urban patients (21.24%). The rural patients were much easier to suffer from such complications than urban patients as fluid and electrolyte imbalance, pneumonia, peritonitis, digestive tract perforation, malnutrition and so on. 385 cases of the patients were cured, accounting for 82.62%; 13 cases (2.79%) got better; 32 cases (6.87%) gave up and 36 cases (7.73%) died. And among the dead cases, there were 32 rural patients and 4 urban patients. The fatality rate of infants in rural areas was higher than that in urban areas. Through the application of single factor logistic regression analysis, the influential factors on the outcome of hospitalized infants with congenital digestive tract malformation were infectious shock, respiratory failure, septicemia, DIC, scleredema etc. Through the application of the multiple factor logistic regression analysis, the influential factors were respiratory failure, digestive tract perforation, septicemia and onset of disease. 【Conclusions】 The prognosis of congenital digestive tract malformation is closely related to such factors as infectious shock, respiratory failure, digestive tract perforation, septicemia, DIC, scleredema and so on. Countryside is the emphasis of prevention and treatment of congenital digestive tract malformation. In order to elevate the recovery rate, we should carry out prenatal diagnosis and early diagnose, popularize the knowledge of diagnose digestive tract malformation in countryside, give early operations and raise the level of treatment of the hospital.

Treatment of montelukast for respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis efficacy and the prevention of wheezing

XU Dong-hui

2011, 19(12):  1145-1147. 

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【Objective】 To observe the treatment of Montelukast for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis on the clinical efficacy and the prevention of wheezing. 【Methods】 85 hospitalized children inflamed with RSV were randomly divided into treatment group and control group. Treatment group (45 cases) were ordered to oral montelukast in addition to conventional treatment. The usage was 2.5 mg/d under 6 months of age, and 4 mg/d in the children of 6 months elder, every night, the course of treatment were 2 months. The control group (40 cases) were treated with conventional treatment and with no special treatment in the post-discharge. The main symptoms and signs disappeared time, hospitalization, treatment efficiency and treatment for 2 months without respite days, 1 year recurrence rate of wheezing of the children in hospital were compared between the two groups. 【Results】 Comparing to the control group,the extinction time of main symptoms/signs and average hospital stays of the treatment group were significantly shorter (P<0.05), the therapeutic efficiency was significantly higher (P<0.05), Within 2 months of treatment the number of days without wheezing of the treatment group (42 cases) was significantly longer than the control group (38 cases) (P<0.05), the difference of 1 year recurrence rate of wheezing between treatment group (36 cases) and control group (35 cases) was not statistically significant (P>0.05). 【Conclusion】 Montelukast can improve the symptoms in the acute stage of RSV bronchiolitis,and prolong the time of RSV bronchiolitis without wheezing, but can not reduce recurrence rate within 1 year after treatment.

Detection of pathogenic bacteria and antibiotic resistance in 323 children with community acquired pneumonia

WANG Jun,GUO Li-ping,TANG Jin,MA Wei-wei

2011, 19(12):  1149-1151. 

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【Objective】 To provide reference for the treatment for clinicians during the recent two years investigation of bacterial and antibiotic resistance analysis of hospitalized children with community acquired pneumonia(CAP)in some areas of Hanzhong. 【Method】 The sputum bacterial culture, identification and drug sensitive test were made for children with CAP by rench Merieux ATB expression identification and susceptibility meter. 【Results】 Of the 323 strains of bacterial pathogens, 11 kinds of bacterial pathogens were isolated.Gram-positive cocci accounted for 38.4%.Of them were streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) (27.9%) and staphylococcus aureus (SA) (10.5%).Gram-negative bacilli accounted for 61.6%, the predominant isolate was Escherichia coli (E.coli) (24.5%), followed by klebsiella pneumoniae (K.pn) (13.9%) and haemophilus influenzae (HI) (8%). SP infection rate was predominant in all age groups of children who were more than 6 months.There was a significant difference in S.pneumonia infection rate between children who were more than 6 moths and less than 6 moths. E.coli infection rate decreased with age.E.coli and K.pn infection rates were significantly different between children who were more than 6 moths and less than 6 moths. The detection rates of K.pneumoniae and E.coli with positive ESBLs were 71.7% and 77.2%,respectively. The resistant rate of HI to ampicillin was 66.7%. While the resistant rate of S.pneumoniae to erythromycin was 98.9%. 【Conclusion】 For a reasonable choice of antibiotic drugs and slowing resistant bacteria producing,it's significant to investegate the bacterial etiology of lower respiratory tract infection , changes in the distribution,and antibiotic resistance in Hanzhong.

The clinical significance of thrombocytosis in pediatric patients with pneumonia

SUN Ji-yang,JI Wei,ZHOU Wei-fang ,CHEN Zheng-rong

2011, 19(12):  1152-1154. 

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【Objective】 To analyze the clinical significance of thrombocytosis in pediatric patients with pneumonia. 【Methods】 209 patients with pneumonia were divided into 2 groups: 102 patients with thrombocytosis (platelet count＞400×10⁹/L, group A), 107 patients with normal platelet counts (group B). Clinical data, laboratory data, plasma tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)and interleukin-6(IL-6) concentrations, tidal breathing lung function were compared. 【Results】 Compared with group B, there were more severe clinical conditions in group A: higher percentage of dyspnea and wheezing and longer hospitalization, higher white blood count, lower lung function parameter including tPTEF、tPTEF/tE、TEF25 and TEF25/PTEF%,higher plasma concentrations of TNF-α and IL-6. The difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0.05). There were positive correlation between plasma concentrations of IL-6 and platelet count (r=0.354,P＜0.05). Platelet count was negatively correlated with two kinds of pulmonary function parameters( tPTEF/tE、TEF25)(r= 0.461、0.407,P＜0.05). 【Conclusions】 The severity of pneumonia in children is associated with platelet count. Platelet count is a useful clinical marker in judging the severity of pneumonia and guiding therapy.

Study of community-based intervention on early education caregivers attitude in 0~6 months old infants

HE Hong,ZENG Fang-fang,ZHU Ming-fan,CHEN Hui,SHI Ying-ying,CHEN Ya-ying,JIANG Ming,GUO Li

2011, 19(12):  1157-1159. 

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【Objective】 Community as a link, to study community-based intervention on early education caregivers attitude change. 【Methods】 422 newborns selected from November 2009 to March 2010, were divided into intervention group (202) and control group (220).Both groups were given basic health services. In addition, the intervention group were given comprehensive intervention program. Intervention period lasted 6-month.Caregivers` knowledge, attitude and behavior change were compared before and after intervention. 【Result】 Caregivers increased frequency of listening music and movement training significantly, and parents actively participated in other early education course in intervention group. 【Conclusion】 Early community-based comprehensive intervention can obviously promote caregivers mothering knowledge, attitude and behavior.