Abstract: Objective To analyze the risk factors of bronchial asthma in children aged 0～6 years,and to put forward the strategies for prevention of acute asthma exacerbation for clinic and family. Methods A total of 110 asthma outpatients aged 0～6 years (observation group) and 110 children aged 0～6 years without history of wheezing (control group) were analyzed. Results The single factor analysis showed that gender,food allergies,inhalation allergy,respiratory tract infection,family history of allergy,eczema,allergic rhinitis history,passive smoking were related risk factors of asthma in children aged 0~6 years(P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that food allergies,respiratory tract infection,family history of allergy,eczema allergic rhinitis history,passive smoking were major risk factors for bronchial asthma in children aged 0～6 years(P＜0.05). Conclusion Food allergies,respiratory tract infection,family history of allergy,eczema,allergic rhinitis history,passive smoking are risk factors for bronchial asthma in children aged 0~6 years.Pediatric patients' family and clinical staff should attach importance to these risk factors and take appropriate effective measures,which has important practical significance for the clinical prevention of acute attack of asthma.

Key words: children, asthma, risk factors, Logistic analysis

摘要： 目的 分析0～6岁儿童支气管哮喘的相关危险因素,为临床及家庭预防哮喘的急性发作提出对策。方法 选取宜昌市中心人民医院门诊就诊的0～6岁儿童哮喘病人110 例(观察组) 和同期来院的无喘息发作史的0～6岁儿童110 例(对照组) 进行研究分析。结果 单因素分析显示,影响0~6岁儿童哮喘的变量包括性别、食物过敏史、吸入性过敏史、呼吸道感染、家族过敏史、湿疹史、过敏性鼻炎史和被动吸烟(P＜0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果发现食物过敏史、呼吸道感染、家族过敏史、湿疹史、过敏性鼻炎史、被动吸烟是0～6岁儿童哮喘发作的危险因素(P＜0.05)。结论 食物过敏史、呼吸道感染、家族过敏史、湿疹史、过敏性鼻炎史、被动吸烟均是0～6岁儿童哮喘急性发作的危险因素,患儿家属及临床工作者重视这些危险因素,同时采取相应的有效措施干预,对于哮喘急性发作的预防具有重要意义。

关键词: 儿童, 哮喘, 危险因素, Logistic分析