Abstract: Objective To explore the prevalence and influencing factors of diarrhea in rural children under 7 years old in five counties of Ningxia Hui Autonomous region,in order to provide scientific references for taking corresponding intervention measures and optimally allocating of health resources. Methods Data of 10 318 rural children were collected by Health Survey Questionnaire on Rural Residents program performed collaboratively by Ningxia Health Bureau and Harvard/Oxford University Research Team in 2009,2011,2012 and 2015 in five counties (Haiyuan, Yanchi, Tongxin, Pengyang and Xiji) of Ningxia.Influencing factors of diarrhea in children were determined by unconditioned binary Logistic regression analysis. Results Totally 558(5.4%) rural children under 7 years old in five counties of Ningxia suffered from diarrhea over the last two weeks.Single factor analysis showed that children with different ages, nationalities and vaccine experiences had significantly different prevalence rates of diarrhea (P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis results showed that hui ethnic group (OR=1.351,95%CI:1.090-1.671), younger ages(0-＜2 years old OR=10.515,95%CI:7.308-15.129; 2-＜4 years old OR=3.319,95%CI:2.285-4.821) and low family income per year (OR=1.555,95%CI:1.229-1.966) were risk factors for childhood diarrhea in this area. Conclusions The prevalence rate of diarrhea in children under 7 years old in rural areas of Ningxia is still high.Nationality, age and family income may be the main influencing factors for childhood diarrhea.

Key words: children diarrhea, prevalence, Ningxia rural area, children under 7 years old

摘要： 目的 了解宁夏回族自治区五县农村7岁及以下儿童腹泻的患病现状及其影响因素,为采取相应的干预措施和优化卫生资源配置提供科学依据。方法 数据来源于宁夏卫生厅与哈佛/牛津大学研究团队合作开展的“创新支付制度,提高卫生效益”试点项目对宁夏五县(海原、盐池、同心、彭阳、西吉)“农村居民家庭卫生健康询问调查”2009、2011、2012年和2015年调查的10 318名儿童的资料,应用SPSS 23.0软件通过单因素分析和非条件二分类 Logistic回归对儿童腹泻影响因素进行筛选。结果 宁夏五县农村7岁及以下儿童腹泻两周患病率为5.4%(558/10 318),单因素分析结果显示不同年龄、民族以及是否计划免疫儿童的腹泻患病率不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示回族儿童(OR=1.351,95%CI:1.090~1.671),儿童年龄小(0~＜2岁,OR=10.515,95%CI:7.308~15.129; 2~＜4岁,OR=3.319,95%CI:2.285~4.821)和家庭年收入水平低(OR=1.555,95%CI:1.229~1.966)可能是该地区儿童腹泻的危险因素。结论 宁夏五县农村地区7岁及以下儿童两周腹泻患病率较高,民族、年龄、家庭年收入水平是宁夏农村地区儿童腹泻的主要影响因素。

关键词: 儿童腹泻, 患病率, 宁夏农村, 7岁及以下儿童