Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics of body composition development of preschool children aged 4-6 years in Jinan,and to study the relationship between body fat percentage (PBF) and body mass index (BMI) in preschool children,in order to compare the difference on obesity diagnosis between PBF and BMI. Method Totally 1 788 healthy children aged 4-6 years in Jinan City were selected for body composition test by bioelectrical impedance method from May 2017 to June 2018. Results The partial body composition of boys and girls before 4-6 years old increased with age. The difference was statistically significant in muscle mass,trunk muscle mass,fat-free body weight,protein,body fat,inorganic salt,basal metabolic rate moisture and PBF(P＜0.05). In Pearson test, BMI was correlated to PBF (r=0.841) if gender was not distinguished,and the correlation coefficient was 0.872 for boys while 0.830 for girls. There was a strong consistency between PBF and BMI in evaluating the obesity rate of children(Kappa=0.64). Conclusions 1)Bioelectrical impedance method can objectively reflect body fat content and accurately evaluate obesity in preschool children. 2) When BMI and PBF were used to assess obesity,the consistency in boys was higher than that in girls. PBF was more sensitive than BMI in assessing obese boys.

Key words: body composition, body weight, body mass index, percentage of body fat, obesity

摘要： 目的 分析济南市4～6岁儿童体成分发育特点,研究学龄前儿童体脂百分比(PBF)与体重指数(BMI)的关系,比较两者在肥胖诊断中的差异。方法 2017年5月—2018年6月选取儿保科健康查体的1 788例济南市4～6岁健康儿童,运用生物电阻抗法进行体成分测试。结果 4～6岁男、女童部分体成分指标随年龄增长而增加,肌肉量、躯干肌肉量、去脂体重、蛋白质、体脂肪、无机盐、基础代谢率和水分、PBF指标差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。Pearson检验中,若不区分性别,BMI和PBF的相关系数r=0.841;若区分性别,男性r=0.872,女性r=0.830,以PBF与BMI标准判断儿童肥胖率具有较强的一致性(Kappa值=0.64)。结论 1)生物电阻抗法测定学龄前儿童体成分,可客观反映体脂肪含量,准确判断肥胖。2)BMI与PBF在判断肥胖时,男童的一致性高于女童。PBF在评估肥胖男童时灵敏性高于BMI。

关键词: 体成分, 体重, 体重指数, 体脂百分比, 肥胖